#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>


/*
  INFO: This snippet is one of the "Extra Credit" assignments from Chapter 11 "Arrays and Strings" from LCTHW.
        The snippet uses the memcpy function to copy the bytes from a char array into an integer, since an integer takes up 4 bytes of space,
    and an array of char's takes N bytes, where N = its length.
    Here's a chart explaining how the result gets evaluated (the char's ASCII code is evaluated when I say '1st' * x, etc):


    N of Args
    1 -> 1st
    2 -> 1st + 2nd * (256)
    3 -> 1st + 2nd * (256) + 3rd * (256^2)
    4 -> 1st + 2nd * (256) + 3rd * (256^2) + 4th * (256^3)

*/

//Change this to affect how large the array for the char's will be
//Can't be larger than 4 else the integer storing the result is guaranteed to overflow (too large)
#define    CHAR_ARRAY_SIZE    4

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    char array[CHAR_ARRAY_SIZE] = {'a', 'b', 'c', '\\'};
    int result[1] = { 0 };

    memcpy( result, array, CHAR_ARRAY_SIZE);

    printf("\n---- Overview of Operation ----\n");

    printf("Integer 'result' size: %ld bytes\nChar array size: %ld bytes\n",
           sizeof(result), sizeof(array));

    for(int i=0; i < CHAR_ARRAY_SIZE; i++) {
        printf("Arg #%d = '%c' (%d)\n",
               i+1, array[i], array[i]);
    }

    printf("Calculation of your result:\n");
    for(int i=0; i < CHAR_ARRAY_SIZE; i++) {
        if(i != 0 && i != CHAR_ARRAY_SIZE)
            printf(" + ");
        printf("%d * (256^%d)", array[i], i);
    }

    printf("\nResult = %d\n", result[0]);

    return 0;
}