Fiktivnaya Moldova

Republic of Moldova
Anthem: "Limba noastră"
Capital and largest city: Chișinău
Official language: Romanian (also named Moldovan)
Recognised minority languages: Bulgarian, Gagauz, Russian, Ukrainian
Ethnic groups (2014)
75.1% Moldovan
7.0% Romanian
6.6% Ukrainian
4.6% Gagauz
4.1% Russian
1.9% Bulgarian
0.36% Romani
0.07% Poles
0.89% other
Demonym(s): Moldovan
Government: Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic
• President
Maia Sandu
• Prime Minister
Igor Grosu
• President of the Parliament
Andrei Spinu
Legislature: Parliament (168; PAS 92, DA 34, PN 23, PL 9, Sor 7, Independents 3)
Formation
• Principality of Moldavia
1346
• Bessarabia Governorate
1812
• Moldavian Democratic Republic
15 December 1917
• Union with Romania
9 April 1918
• Moldavian ASSR
12 October 1924
• Moldavian SSR
2 August 1940
• Independence from the Soviet Union
27 August 1991
• Admitted to the United Nations
2 March 1992
• Constitution adopted
29 July 1994
Area
• Total
33,846 km2 (13,068 sq mi)
• Water (%)
1.4
Population
• 2020 estimate
4,364,438
• Density
86.2/km2 (223.3/sq mi) (93th)
GDP (PPP)	2019 estimate
• Total
$27.271 billion
• Per capita
$7,700
GDP (nominal)	2019 estimate
• Total
$12.037 billion
• Per capita
$3,398
Gini (2014)	Positive decrease 26.8
low
HDI (2018)	Increase 0.711
high · 107th
Currency	Leu (MDL)
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+3 (EEST)
Driving side	right
Calling code	+373
ISO 3166 code	MD
Internet TLD	.md

Moldova is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south. The capital city is Chișinău.

Most of the Moldovan territory was a part of the Principality of Moldavia from the 14th century until 1812, when it was ceded to the Russian Empire by the Ottoman Empire (to which Moldavia was a vassal state) and became known as Bessarabia. In 1856, southern Bessarabia was returned to Moldavia, which three years later united with Wallachia to form Romania, but Russian rule was restored over the whole of the region in 1878. During the 1917 Russian Revolution, Bessarabia briefly became an autonomous state within the Russian Republic, known as the Moldavian Democratic Republic. In February 1918, the Moldavian Democratic Republic declared independence and then integrated into Romania later that year following a vote of its assembly. The decision was disputed by Soviet Russia, which in 1924 established, within the Ukrainian SSR, a Moldavian autonomous republic (MASSR) on partially Moldovan-inhabited territories to the east of Bessarabia. In 1940, as a consequence of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, Romania was compelled to cede Bessarabia to the Soviet Union, leading to the creation of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (Moldavian SSR), which included the greater part of Bessarabia and the westernmost strip of the former MASSR (east of the Dniester River).

On 27 August 1991, as the dissolution of the Soviet Union was underway, the Moldavian SSR declared independence and took the name Moldova. The constitution of Moldova was adopted in 1994. The strip of the Moldovan territory on the east bank of the Dniester has been under the de facto control of the breakaway government of Transnistria since 1990.

Due to a decrease in industrial and agricultural output following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the service sector has grown to dominate Moldova's economy and is over 60% of the nation's GDP. It is the poorest country in Europe by GDP per capita.

Moldova is a parliamentary republic with a president as head of state and a prime minister as head of government. It is a member state of the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the World Trade Organization (WTO), the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), the GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development, the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), and the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC).

According to the Moldovan law on territorial administrative organisation, Moldova is divided administratively into the following administrative territorial units: districts (Romanian: raioane; see also raions), cities/towns (Romanian: orașe) and villages (Romanian: sate). The administrative territorial organization of Moldova is made on 2 levels:
villages (communes), sectors and cities/towns (municipalities) constitute the first level,
districts, Chișinău municipality, Bălți municipality and Bender municipality constitute the second level.
Two or more villages can form together a commune (Romanian: comună).

Currently, Moldova is composed of 9 counties (Romanian: județe), three municipalities and two autonomous territorial units. The status of Chișinău, Bălți, and Bender as municipalities and first-level territorial units of the country allows their suburb villages to have, when large enough, their own mayor and local council. By contrast, the villages that are administratively part of (some of) the other cities do not retain self-rule.

Regions:
Bălți County Bălți
Cahul County Cahul
Chișinău County Chișinău
Edineț County Edineț
Lăpușna County Hîncești
Orhei County Orhei
Soroca County Soroca
Tighina County Căușeni
Ungheni County Ungheni
Chișinău
Bălți
Bender
Autonomous Territorial Unit of Găgăuzia Comrat
Autonomous Territorial Unit of Transnistria Tiraspol