IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#MyTable') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE #MyTable

SELECT *
INTO   #MyTable
FROM   (
        SELECT '000000002' AS col1, 'Ч1.2020.16.01' AS col2, '2020-04-15 00:00:00.000' AS col3
        UNION
        SELECT '000000002' AS col1, 'Ч1.2020.17.01' AS col2, '2020-04-22 00:00:00.000' AS col3
       ) q

-- SELECT * FROM [#MyTable]

DECLARE  @col1   VARCHAR(100),
         @col2   VARCHAR(100),
         @col3   DATETIME

DECLARE MyCursor CURSOR FOR

SELECT   DISTINCT
         col1,
         col2,
         MIN(col3) AS col3
FROM     [#MyTable]
GROUP BY col1,
         col2
ORDER BY col3 ASC

OPEN MyCursor

FETCH NEXT FROM MyCursor
INTO  @col1, @col2, @col3

WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0

BEGIN

EXEC [dbo].[SomeSP] @col1, @col2, @col3

FETCH NEXT FROM MyCursor
INTO  @col1, @col2, @col3

END
CLOSE       MyCursor
DEALLOCATE  MyCursor