2016-09-24 Saturday: 8 Weird news

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
“2016-09-23 Saturday: 8 Weird news”
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Homework: Write a promotional description of your neighborhood (here or in your country) similar to the one on p. 89.
	Also, do parts 2, 3, 4 on p. 98 about the articles on p. 99.
part 2
1 The theory that she crashed on a different island, called Nikumaroro.
2 DNA testing
3 It will prove that she landed on Nikumaroro.
	(to ask about the past: If her flight had been successful, what would have happened?)
part 3
1 He is partially funding the project.
2 There are no known samples of her hair.
3 Human DNA is mostly (99%) the same, so they need a large amount of DNA to test.
part 4
1 funding
2 reveal
3 archive (‘ch’ sounds like /k/ in this word)
4 ensure
5 assumption
6 profile
7 identical
8 log
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Other new words:
thread
correspondence = communication with written letters
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p. 98 part 8 - Discuss the questions in groups. Also, tell your partners about any stories from your country that are mysterious like the disappearance of Amelia Earhart.
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p. 94 - What do you think these pictures are?
part 2 - Put the words from the box in the correct sentences.
1 Nitrogen, oxygen, atmosphere
2 butterflies, flies, insects
3 Radiation
4 Ants, beetles
5 stem
6 Particles
7 Predators, species
8 spikes
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“long” vowel sounds:
1 mate
2 meet/meat
3 might/mite
4 moat/mote
5 moot
“short” vowel sounds:
6 mat
7 met
8 mitt
9 motte
10 mutt
other vowel sounds:
11 bought
12 good
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part 4 - Listen to the descriptions and decide if the statements are true or false.
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Grammar: modals for speculation and deduction about the present
p. 94 part 6
1 The colors are so vivid that you think they can’t be natural.
	= You think it’s impossible that they are natural.
2 You imagine that they must be man-made.
	= You imagine that the only explanation is they are man-made.
3 This might (or may) be a painting or a work of art.
	= It’s possible that it’s a painting or a work of art.
4 It may (or might) not seem logical, but there are indeed plants that catch insects.
	= It’s possible that it doesn’t seem logical.

I knocked on her door but she didn’t answer. She must not be at home.
	= I’m pretty sure she’s not at home. I would be surprised to find her at home.
She just left work 5 minutes ago. She can’t be at home already.
	= I think it’s impossible that she’s at home. I would be shocked to find her at home.

If you want to do well on the test, you must study a lot. - obligation
You always get 100% on your tests. You must study a lot. - deduction/conclusion
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part 8 - Circle or write the options that are possible and make sense in the paragraph (sometimes both of them are fine).
1 must be
2 might recognize / could recognize (both are correct)
3 could use / may use (both are correct)
4 could mean
5 can’t be
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_terms_of_venery,_by_animal - group names for animals
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must = have to (for affirmative deduction and obligation)
may = might = could (for affirmative speculation)
may not = might not (for negative speculation)
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part 9 - “look”
The sky looks as though it’s on fire. (look as though + sentence)
The sky looks green. (look + adjective)
The shiny drops look like water. (look like + noun, sometimes look like + sentence)
Look carefully. (look[action] + adverb)
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BREAK
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To describe things:
It looks good.
It sounds good.
It feels good.
It tastes good.
It smells good.
To describe what I do (non-action, not paying attention):
I can’t see it.
I can’t hear it.
I can’t feel it.
I can’t taste it.
I can’t smell it.
To describe what I do (action, paying attention)
I look at it carefully. / I watch it carefully.
I listen to it carefully.
I feel it carefully.
I taste it carefully.
I smell it carefully.
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p. 96 part 1 - Complete the sentences with the correct words from the box.
1 ancient/sacred
2 period
3 prehistoric
4 century
5 sacred
6 society
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Do you know anything about the Nazca lines?
Read the article.

Which sentences talk about possible explanations for the lines?
She was convinced that the lines must have been part of an astronomical calendar.
Other people thought they might have been ancient Inca roads or irrigation systems.
The weirdest idea was that they could have been landing strips for alien spacecraft.
The Nazca lines may have been part of a long tradition of ceremonial activitiesw connected to water.

What other sentences speculate or make deductions about the past?
Yet the Nazca people...couldn’t have seen them from above.
Water must have had an incredible significance to these societies.
This must have seemed an astonishing, even sacred phenomenon to ancient societies.
The same group of people can’t have created them.
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Grammar: modals for speculation and deduction about the past
(present: She isn’t answering her door, so she must not be at home.)
She wasn’t answering her door, so she must not have been at home

In general, adding have (in the approprate form) and the past participle changes an expression to be about the past.

You always got 100% on your tests. You must have studied a lot in high school.
She had just left work 5 minutes earlier. She couldn’t have been at home yet.
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must = this is the only explanation (I’m pretty sure it’s true)
must not = this is not a good explanation (I’m pretty sure it’s false)
may/might/could = this is one possible explanation (but I’m not sure)
may not / might not = this is one possible explanation (but I’m not sure)
can’t/couldn’t = this is impossible

must have = this was the only explanation (I’m pretty sure it was true)
must not have = this was not a good explanation (I’m pretty sure it was false)
may/might/could have = this was one possible explanation (but I’m not sure)
may not have / might not have = this was one possible explanation (but I’m not sure)
can’t/couldn’t have = this was impossible
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p. 97 part 8 - Rewrite the sentences (using one of the words in parentheses) to have the same meaning.
1 Water can’t have been easy to find.
2 The rivers might have dried up.
3 The lines must have been very important.
4 The lines may have had a religious significance.
5 The animal drawings couldn’t have been roads.
6 The animals must have lived in the region.
7 The Nazca people could have used simple tools.
8 People must have maintained the lines carefully.
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Handout - With your group, speculate about what the things in the pictures might have been used for.
People might have used it as a footstool. (active - about what people did)
It might have been used as a footstool. (passive - about the object)
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p. 101 part 3b - Choose the options that are possible in each sentence (sometimes both)
1 Apparently
2 Fortunately / Incredibly
3 gradually
4 Coincidentally
5 deliberately
6 Hopefully
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Homework: Units 7-8 test