2017-07-15 Saturday: 7 Living spaces

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
“2017-07-15 Saturday: 7 Living space”
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How big does a house need to be?
With your partner, design (and draw a floor plan) for a very tiny house (at most 25 m^2 in area)
(New people will join your group as they finish orientation. Introduce them and include them in your project.)
Then share your ideas with the other groups. Would you live in your classmates’ houses?
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Vocabulary: parts of a house
p. 82 part 1 - For each thing in the box, is this necessary, a nice bonus, or not important when you’re thinking about where to live (in any size house)? Then add a couple more things that are necessary for you.
Make sure you know the differences between balcony, terrace, and porch, and between garden and yard.
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p. 82 - What are some advantages and disadvantages of the first three living spaces in the pictures?
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p. 83 part 4 - Listen to the lecture and complete the sentences. (The numbers in the audio DON’T match the numbers of the questions.)
1 bad weather
2 more basic
3 shelter
4 brick or stone
5 house
6 your house
7 design
8 crowded cities
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Grammar: comparatives and superlatives
comparative - to compare two things
	short adjectives: add -er: cheaper, bigger, prettier, nicer
	long adjectives: add “more” or “less”: less expensive, more interesting
superlative - to talk about more than two things
	short adjectives: add -est: cheapest, biggest, prettiest, nicest
	long adjectives: add “most” or “least”: least expensive, most interesting
equative - to say two things are equal (or unequal)
	all adjectives: “as...as”: as cheap as, as big as, as expensive as, as interesting as
	“not as” has the same meaning as “less”
double comparative - to say something is changing over time
	Houses are getting more and more expensive in Boston.
	Summers are getting hotter and hotter.
paired comparative - to say two quantities change together
	The bigger the house, the more expensive it is to heat.
	= Between any two houses, the bigger house is more expensive to heat.
	The smaller the house, the faster it gets dirty.
	= Between any two houses, the smaller house gets dirty faster.
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p. 83 part 7 - Rewrite the sentences so they have the same meaning using the word in parentheses and starting with the bold word.
1 Houses are less appropriate for local conditions (than shelters).
2 A cave house is not as small as you think.
3 An igloo is not as cold inside as you might think.
4 New houses are getting more and more expensive every year. (New house prices are getting higher and higher every year.)
5 My tent is the best in camp.
6 This house is the oldest house.
7 A house on stilts survives more easily in floods.
8 You can put a ger up more quickly than a brick house.
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separable phrasal verbs:
I will pick up John from school.
I will pick John up from school. (Because this is possible to say,
I will pick him up from school.   this is necessary to say.)
*I will pick up him from school.
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BREAK
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Irregular comparatives and superlatives:
bad - worse - worst
badly - worse - worst
good - better - best
well - better - best
What are some comparisons we can make between Boston and NYC?
NYC is bigger than Boston.
Boston is colder than NYC.
Boston is more colorful than NYC.
Boston is older than NYC.
The traffic in NYC is worse than in Boston.
Vocabulary: words to talk about cities
p. 84 part 2 - Complete the sentences with the correct words from the box. Then try to make additional sentences with the words you didn’t use.
1 atmosphere
2 public transportation
3 financial
4 modern
5 built-up
6 skyscrapers
7 residents
8 neighborhoods
- The crime records in NYC are higher than other cities.
- It’s nice to have an open space in the apartment.
- The subway in NYC is as polluted as in Boston.
- Some areas in most cities are old and run-down.
- The traffic is worse in NYC than in Boston.
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What do you think was there before New York City was built?
Read the “Before New York” article.
https://welikia.org/explore/mannahatta-map/
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Grammar: “used to” and “would” for the past
Beavers used to be common in the area. = Beavers were common in the area for a long time in the past, but they aren’t now.
Animals like beavers, bears, and turkeys would roam freely through forests, marshes, and grassland.
= They did this regularly in the past. (“Would” doesn’t necesarily mean that now is different.)
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“would” means an action was repeated many times in the past
- Not for something that happened once (like, “This house was built in 1845.”)
- Not for an action that continued (like, “People used to live in tents here.”)
- Not for non-action verbs (like, “She used to have long hair.”)
“used to” means something was true for a while in the past, but now it’s the opposit
- “My grandparents didn’t use to live near me.” = Now my grandparents live near me.
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p. 85 part 9 - Rewrite the sentences with “used to” if possible.
1 New York used to be a lot greener than it is now.
2 There used to be a lot of forest and natural landscapes.
3 (no change, because now the early residents don’t live anywhere)
4 People used to hunt beavers for their skins.
5 (no change, because this happened once)
6 What originally used to be in the area where Fifth Avenue is now?
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http://corpus.byu.edu/coca/ - Type a word or phrase and click “search” to see the frequency, then click on the phrase on that page to see 101 examples in context.
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part 11 - Complete the sentences with your own information and compare with your partner.
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From the diagram:
1 I cried when I left home for the first time. (Happened once, so NO “used to” or “would”.)
2 I used to have long hair. (True for a while, but not a repeated action, so NO “would”.)
3 I used to walk to school every day. / I would walk to school every day.
4 When I was in elementary school, I would play hide and seek every day. (This sentence is okay even if I still play hide and seek now, but if I do, we can’t say “used to”.)
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Grammar/Vocabulary: “like” and “as”
I cried as a child. = I cried when I was a child.
I cried like a child. = I cried (more recently) similarly to how a child cries.
She’s dressed as a witch. = She is wearing a witch costume (e.g. for Halloween).
She’s dressed like a witch. = Her clothing is similar to a witch’s clothing.
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“like” and “such as” can give examples:
I enjoy spicy foods such as peppers.
I enjoy spicy foods like peppers.
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“as” can mean “because”:
We won’t go outside as it’s raining really hard.
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p. 89 part 6 - Complete the sentences with “like” or “as”.
1 As
2 like
3 as
4 like
5 Like
6 like
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Homework: Write a description of your neighborhood to potential new residents. Why should they move there?
	Also: read p. 99 and do parts 2, 3, 4 on p. 98