2015-12-08 Grammar: quantifier overview

Greg Malivuk
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http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
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p. 358 - overview of noun quantifiers
Notice the differences for count and noncount nouns.

Notice that “a few” and “a little” are affirmative, but “few” and “little” are negative.

I have a few friends and a little money. (I’m happy with my life. I’m not famous and rich, but I have some friends and some money so everything is fine.)
I have few friends and little money. (I am lonely and poor.)

hardly ever = almost never
hardly any = almost no/none
hardly anyone = almost no one
hardly anything = almost nothing

not ever = never
not any = no/none
not anyone = no one
not anything = nothing

I hardly ever watch TV. = I almost never watch TV.
I have hardly any money. = I have almost no money.
He is hardly working. = He is almost not working.
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Most Americans speak Spanish. (FALSE - more than 50% do not speak Spanish)

Many Americans speak Spanish. (TRUE - 45 million people is many people)
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p. 359 exercise 1
1 many (people / experts)
2 few spaces, a substantial number of Americans
3 not all the doctors
4 quite a few (doctors)
5 all physicians
6 Most doctors
7 Every hospital, a few...students
8 many...schools
9 some popular hospitals, a great many applications, each available space
10 a number of hospitals, a few (applications)
11 most (residencies)
12 A few (residencies), some (residencies)
13 Many doctors
14 No doctor, every area, some doctors, one specialty
15 Each area
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Homework: read p. 361 and do p. 362 exercise 4