2019-02-25 Grammar: gerund/inf intro

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - Notes from all classes
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Infinitives and Gerunds
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infinitives: to + base form
gerunds: verb+ing (used like a noun)
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p. 89 exercise 1 - Underline all the gerund and infinitive phrases and identify how they’re used.
A = subject of a sentence or clause
B = object of a verb
C = object of a preposition
D = after an adjective
E = something else after a noun
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What rules can you infer from these examples? Do we use the gerund or the infinitive in each case?
A: gerund is most common; sometimes infinitives are subjects
B: gerunds and infinitives can both come after verbs
C: gerunds must come after prepositions
D: infinitives come after adjectives
E: gerunds and infinitives can come after nouns
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p. 90 focus 2: infinitives can include other information about the verb
affirmative/negative - She decided to study English. She decided not to study French.
active/passive - You need to eat the pizza from yesterday. The pizza needs to be eaten.
simple/perfect/progressive - I expect to pass. I expect to have finished by 7. I expect to be sleeping then.
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p. 92 exercise 4 - Ask your partner questions to find out this information.
1 say: “What does your family expect you to do?” “They expect me to….”
  write: They expect him to...
  say: “What does your family expect you not to do?” “They expect me not to….”
  write: They expect him not to…
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You can ship cheap sheep chips in a cheap sheep chip ship.
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Homework: p. 94 exercise 5 - Identify who performs (or will/should perform) each infinitive action.