EMS Student Exam

[divbox=#eadcc1][center][img]http://i.imgur.com/FHuhW8w.png[/img][/center]

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[size=120][b]Name:[/b][/size] Rocky Smith Goodwin
[size=120][b]Date Submitted:[/b][/size] 03/07/2017

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[size=120][b]Information[/b][/size]

Welcome to the EMS Examination. This examination consists of 46 questions altogether, in which you must achieve a grade of 70/100 (70%) in order to pass. Each question also has a different way of being answered. Some may have multiple choices, in which case you must mark your chosen answer by putting an X in the according box ((make the correct choice [b]cbf[/b] instead of [b]cb[/b] to mark it)), as explained below. Other questions may need written answers, and there will also be two written essay tasks in the final part of the examination. Please ensure that you have fully read and understood the EMT-Basic Skills Overview that you were provided upon being accepted as an applicant, as the majority of questions will be based around aforementioned handbooks. The Academy that you attended would have also have taught you anything extra that you need to know, and you are advised to read through your notes BEFORE but not DURING the examination. Before submitting, make sure that you re-read through all of your answers carefully, and make sure you have done your best to answer every question to the best of your ability. Read the questions carefully, and read them again if you find yourself struggling to understand initially. Once you have completed the examination, make sure that your personal details are filled out at the top of the examination paper as requested, and then mail it to the LSFD's Training Division ((AS: Training Division)). Your examination will be marked, and then your results will be released on the same day shown as the schedule. Best of luck!

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[b][size=120][u]Section I: LSFD (20 points)[/u][/size][/b]

[b]1) Which is the correct ranking structure for the EMS sector? (1) [/b]

[cb][/cb] First Responder, Firefighter, Engineer, Lieutenant, Captain
[cb][/cb] Firefighter One, Firefighter Two, Engineer, Lieutenant, Captain
[cbf][/cbf] First Responder, EMT, Paramedic, Senior Paramedic, Lead Paramedic
[cb][/cb] Probationary Firefighter, Firefighter One, Firefighter Two, Engineer, Lieutenant
[cb][/cb] First Responder, Paramedic, Lead Paramedic, Senior Paramedic, Lieutenant

[b]2) Name three potential call sources. (3)[/b]
Unreported scenes, 911 reports, and departmental radio call-ins.

[b]3) Name the three hospitals the Los Santos Fire Department uses. (3) [/b]
-All Saints General Hospital
-Fort Carson Medical Center
-County General Hospital

[b]4) What are the three main sectors of LSFD? (3)[/b]
-EMS
-Firefighting/EMT
-Hospital Staff

[b]5) What is the name of the role of the person who assigns calls to units? (1) [/b]
OCD or Dispatcher

[b]6) What is the definition of Code 3? (1)[/b]

[cb][/cb] No lights or sirens.
[cb][/cb] Lights, no sirens.
[cbf][/cbf] Lights and sirens.

[b]7) What status would you use when arriving on scene? (1)[/b]

[cbf][/cbf] Status 6
[cb][/cb] Status 7
[cb][/cb] Status 5 Echo
[cb][/cb] Status 3

[b]8) What are the supervisor ranks of the EMS sector? (2)[/b]
Senior Paramedic and Lead Paramedic.

[b]9) Who is the commissioner of the Los Santos Fire Department? (1)[/b]
Commissioner Jessica Ross.

[b]10) What does AVPU stand for? (4)[/b]
A is for Alert, V is for Verbal Stimuli, P is for Pain Stimuli, and finally U stands for Unresponsive.

[b][size=120][u]Section II: EMT-Basic (60 points)[/u][/size][/b]

[b]11) What would you use to immobilise a patient's neck, and when would you do so? (2)[/b]
X-Collar. Used when the patient has either spinal or neck injuries.

[b]12) Which of the following would you administer to a patient who is unconscious and has a respiratory rate of 8? (1)[/b]

[cb][/cb] Simple Face Mask
[cbf][/cbf] Non-Rebreather Mask
[cb][/cb] Nasal Cannula
[cb][/cb] Bag Valve Mask (BVM)

[b]13) What three things does cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) consist of? (3)[/b]
Compression, ventilation, and finally airway examination.

[b]14) List the four different types of triage tags and their meanings (4)[/b]
- Green: Minor.
- Yellow: Delayed.
- Red: Immediate.
- Black: Deceased.

[b]15) When would you proceed with DPT in the DR CAB and DR ABC procedure? (2)[/b]
After checking the pulse or after determining that the patient is stable.

[b]16) What three factors can suggest cardiac arrest in a patient? (3)[/b]
- Unconsciousness
- No breathing
- No pulse

[b]17) What is considered to be a normal pulse and respiratory rate in a normal adult? (2)[/b]
Normal pulse ranges between 60 and 100 beats per minute, and the respiratory rate ranges between 12 to 18 breaths per minute.

[b]18) What two pieces of equipment could you use to treat an arm fracture? (2)[/b]
Triangular split on Vacuum splint.

[b]19) Name two additional resources that are available to you (2)[/b]
Firstly, upon arriving to the scene, if the number of patients exceeds my ability, I would call for more paramedics to come and aid me. Secondly, if the scene is crowded or feels dangerous, I could call PD/SD over departmental, or I could use the cones.

[b]20) What does DPT stand for? (1)[/b]
 Dressing, pressure, and tourniquet.

[b]21) When should you initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation? (1)[/b]
When the patient is suffering from a cardiac arrest.

[b]22) What kind of burn gives the skin a red and dry texture? (1)[/b]
[cbf][/cbf] 1st Degree
[cb][/cb] 2nd Degree
[cb][/cb] 3rd Degree
[cb][/cb] 4th Degree

[b]23) What is the difference between a closed fracture and a compound fracture? (1)[/b]
Both fractures indicate that the bone has been broken. A closed or simple fracture means that the bone is broken, yet the skin is still intact, however, open or compound fracture means that the broken bone has penetrated through the skin.

[b]24) How should you check for fractures? (1)[/b]
By palpating the fractured area.

[b]25) What should you do if there are objects stuck in the victim's wound? (1)[/b]
Leave them be, as they may be trapping a blood vessel.

[b]26) What does LOC stand for? (1)[/b]
Level of consciousness.

[b]27) What kind of injuries are considered to have a high level of suspicion? Name two (2)[/b]
- In an accident, I would suspect a spinal or cervical injury.
- In a gun fight, I would suspect a gun shot wound.

[b]28) What should you use to clean a victim's wound and when should you do so? (2)[/b]
Use saline solution, and I will use it only for minor injuries.

[b]29) What is the purpose of cardiopulmonary resuscitation? (1)[/b]
Stimulate the heart's action and maintain some brain functions.

[b]30) Why is it important to ensure that nobody is in contact with a patient during an AED shock? (1)[/b]
Because anyone touching the patient's body whilst shocking him, can get electric-shocked.

[b]31) What should you give to a patient who requires oxygen therapy but refuses to tolerate a mask? (1)[/b]
Nasal Cannula.

[b]32) During CPR, what rate of chest compressions to rescue breaths should you follow? (1)[/b]
30:2

[b]33) What flow rate can a non-rebreather mask provide? (1)[/b]
10-15 LPM

[b]34) What is the correct procedure of setting up a nasal cannula? (4)[/b]
 I will start by choosing the right sized cannula for the patient, then I will set the right oxygen flow, depending on the situation. After that, I will check to see if the oxygen is normally flowing or not, and finally I will insert the dual pronged comfortably into the patient's nostrils.

[b]35) When should you use a jaw-thrust rather than a head tilt? (1)[/b]
When the patient suffers from neck or spinal injuries.

[b]36) In which three places is it possible to check for a pulse? (3)[/b]
Radial artery at the back of the wrist, brachial artery above the elbow crease, or carotid artery beside the trachea.

[b]37) What does wheezing or a non-symmetrically moving chest suggest? (1)[/b]
A blocked airway, broken ribs, or lung injury.

[b]38) What is the name of the roll used to get a patient onto the spinal board? (1)[/b]
Log roll

[b]39) When should you call a Code 0? (1)[/b]
When there are more than four casualties.

[b]40) Describe how to put somebody in the recovery position (7)[/b]
I will kneel on the floor next to the patient. Then I will adjust the arm on my side at a 90 degree angle with the palm aiming upwards. I will then take the second arm and place it below its opposite cheek. Following that, I will lift and bend the farthest knee at a right angle, then I will pull it carefully, hence the patient's enrollment.

[b]41) What is a normal pulse rate for an athletic adult? (1)[/b]
[cb][/cb] 60-100
[cbf][/cbf] 40-60
[cb][/cb] 100-120
[cb][/cb] 140-160

[b]42) Name two instances where you would request ILS/ALS support (2)[/b]
Burn treatment and when the airways aren't clear.

[b]43) What colour triage tag would you use for a person with a respiratory rate of 32 breaths per minute? (1)[/b]
[cb][/cb] Black
[cb][/cb] Green
[cbf][/cbf] Red
[cb][/cb] Yellow/Orange

[b]44) You get on scene to discover that there is a crowd around your patient, what should you do? (1)[/b]
[cb][/cb] Yell at the crowd to clear out.
[cb][/cb] Get into your ambulance and drive towards the crowd slowly with your sirens on to get them to disperse.
[cbf][/cbf] Request for PD/SD over your departmental radio.
[cb][/cb] Leave the crowd alone and move on to dealing with the patient.

[b][size=120][u]Section III: Scenarios (20 points)[/u][/size][/b]

[b]45) You have just pulled up to a scene where the patient has been ran over by a vehicle. The patient is conscious, his head would appear to be bleeding and his left wrist seems to be broken. Explain in full detail the steps you would take. (10)[/b]
Upon reaching the scene, I will call in S6 over the radio and use departmental radio to call for PD/SD if the area is crowded. If not, I will approach the patient and start with CAB/ABC. I will begin with checking the pulse and if it is lower than 60 or more than 100 I would call for an ILS certified paramedic. Then I will fetch a trauma dressing and apply it on the patient's head with great pressure to stop the bleeding, and if the bleeding hasn't stopped, I will apply a second dressing above the first with forceful pressure. When the bleeding stop, I will apply the head-tilt-chin-lift and check whether his airway is blocked or not. If blocked, I will place him in the recovery position and leave it to an ILS certified paramedic. Then I will check for his breathing rate and administrate it if it is abnormal using the suitable equipment. After that, I will start dealing with the wrist fracture. I will slowly move the patient's arm into a diagonal position and put slide it onto the triangular bandage, tying the knot behind his neck. I will then have him immediately transported back to the hospital.

[b]46) You have just arrived on the scene of a shooting. There are still faint sounds of shots in the background. Your patient is lying unconscious in the middle of the pavement. He is flipped on his front and is visibly bleeding from a gunshot wound to the back. Explain in full detail, from the moment you get on scene, what you would do. (10)[/b]
As I arrive on the scene, I am going to report status six over the radio before calling for PD/SD over the departmental radio. I am not going to approach the scene until the law enforcement units arrive. After they arrive, I will approach the patient and start with CAB. I will check the pulse of the patient and if it's low or elevated, I will call in for an ILS certified paramedic Then I will start dealing with the bleeding. I will start by cutting the surrounding clothes using trauma scissors and then apply a trauma dressing on the wound with pressure and if the bleeding did not stop I will use another one above the previous.then I will patch around the wound carefully. After that, I will check the airway using the head-tilt-chin-lift technique and if the airway isn't clear, I would put the patient in the recovery position. Then I would check the patient's breathing rate. If the rate is below 12 or above 18 I will use the appropriate mask and administrate it. I will then request assistance from my partner to help me place the patient on the gurney and then have him immediately transported back to the hospital.[/divbox]