Sources:

Goodwin, Godfrey. The Janissaries. Saqi, 2006.

Imber, Colin. The Ottoman Empire, 1300-1600: The Structure of Power. Palgrave, 2002.

Nicolle, David, and Christa Hook. Janissary. Osprey, 1995.

Mercenaries: A Guide to Private Armies and Private Military Companies
By Alan Axelrod

Middle East Conflicts from Ancient Egypt to the 21st Century: An Encyclopedia and Document Collection 2019
by Spencer C. Tucker

Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire
By Ga ́bor A ́goston, Bruce Alan Masters

A History of the Ottoman Empre to 1730: Chapters from The Cambridge History of Islam and the New Cambridge Modern History 1976
by M. A. Cook