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2016-08-18 Grammar: translating headlines

gmalivuk
Aug 18th, 2016
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  1. Greg Malivuk
  2. [email protected]
  3. http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - Notes from all my classes
  4. ---
  5. Homework: try to “translate” the rest of the headlines into standard English
  6. ---
  7. Work with a partner to compare your answers to the homework.
  8. DROUGHT EXPECTED TO WORSEN = The drought is expected to worsen.
  9. DROUGHT TO WORSEN = The drought will worsen. / The drought is going to worsen.
  10. BIG WHITE HOUSE PROBLEMS = There are big White House problems. / There have been…
  11. NEW PLAN TO IMPROVE BUS SERVICES = The new plan is going to improve bus services.
  12. There is a new plan to improve bus services.
  13. TEST SCORES IMPROVING IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS = Test scores are improving in public schools.
  14. LINK FOUND BETWEEN DIET AND HEART DISEASE = A link has been found between diet and heart disease. / A link was found between diet and heart disease.
  15. CANCER REPORTED INCREASING = Cancer has been reported to be increasing. / Cancer is reported to be increasing.
  16. MAJOR DECREASE IN INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS IN U.S. = There is/has been a major decrease in international students in the U.S.
  17.  
  18. perfect = [have] + past participle
  19. progressive = [be] + verb(ing)
  20. passive = [be] + past participle
  21. ---
  22. I’ve just eaten lunch. = I just ate lunch. (recent past can be present perfect or simple past)
  23. There is a problem. = The problem still exists and might be newly discovered.
  24. There has been a problem. = The problem was discovered in the past (but is recent or is unsolved).
  25.  
  26. There are problems with the project. = The problems still exist and haven’t been fixed.
  27. There have been problems with the project. = There were problems in the past, some of which might have been solved, but there could be more now or in the future.
  28. There were problems with the project. = There were problems in the past, but there won’t be any more.
  29. ---
  30. When the time frame for an action is not finished (it includes the present and some of the future), we use a present tense. If it’s important that the action started in the past, we use present perfect.
  31.  
  32. I have seen this movie (before in my life, which isn’t finished).
  33. I saw this movie (at some specific time in the past).
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