@Override
public @NotNull ItemAttributeModifiers getDefaultAttributeModifiers(@NotNull ItemStack stack) {
    ItemAttributeModifiers modifiers = super.getDefaultAttributeModifiers(stack);

    if (element == SpellSchools.ELEMENTAL) {
        return modifiers
                .withModifierAdded(
                        AttributeEventHandler.schoolToDefenseAttribute.get(this.element),
                        new AttributeModifier(
                                ArsElemental.prefix("elemental_defense_armor_" + this.type.getName()),
                                25,
                                AttributeModifier.Operation.ADD_VALUE
                        ),
                        EquipmentSlotGroup.bySlot(this.type.getSlot())
                )
                .withModifierAdded(
                        AttributeEventHandler.schoolToPowerAttribute.get(this.element),
                        new AttributeModifier(
                                ArsElemental.prefix("elemental_power_armor_" + this.type.getName()),
                                1,
                                AttributeModifier.Operation.ADD_VALUE
                        ),
                        EquipmentSlotGroup.bySlot(this.type.getSlot())
                );
    }

    // Aggregate defense modifiers per element
    Map<SpellSchool, Double> defenseTotals = new HashMap<>();

    for (var school : this.element.getSubSchools()) {
        if (school == SpellSchools.ELEMENTAL) continue;

        // Base resistance for its own element
        defenseTotals.merge(school, 25.0, Double::sum);

        // Weakness from weakness map
        SpellSchool weakness = weaknessMap.getOrDefault(school, SpellSchools.ELEMENTAL);
        if (weakness != SpellSchools.ELEMENTAL) {
            defenseTotals.merge(weakness, -12.5, Double::sum);
        }

        // Power bonus still applied per sub-school (no merging needed)
        modifiers = modifiers.withModifierAdded(
                AttributeEventHandler.schoolToPowerAttribute.get(school),
                new AttributeModifier(
                        ArsElemental.prefix("elemental_power_armor_" + this.type.getName() + "_" + school.getId()),
                        1,
                        AttributeModifier.Operation.ADD_VALUE
                ),
                EquipmentSlotGroup.bySlot(this.type.getSlot())
        );
    }

    // Apply merged defense modifiers (only once per element)
    for (var entry : defenseTotals.entrySet()) {
        if (entry.getValue() == 0) continue; // prevents neutral clutter

        modifiers = modifiers.withModifierAdded(
                AttributeEventHandler.schoolToDefenseAttribute.get(entry.getKey()),
                new AttributeModifier(
                        ArsElemental.prefix("elemental_defense_armor_" + this.type.getName() + "_" + entry.getKey().getId()),
                        entry.getValue(),
                        AttributeModifier.Operation.ADD_VALUE
                ),
                EquipmentSlotGroup.bySlot(this.type.getSlot())
        );
    }

    return modifiers;
}