2019-07-16 Core: 3 water activities

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
---
p. 33 part 1 - What is happening in the picture?
part 2 - With a partner, guess the correct numbers to complete each sentence.
(Also, introduce yourself to your partner and try to remember their name.)
1 70
2 3
3 46
4 10
5 200
- How much water do you think you personally use every day?
- What are some things we can do to reduce water use? Do you do any of those things?
---
p. 34 - What is happening in the pictures?
A - Two guys are swimming with a shark in the ocean.
B - People are rafting on a river.
C - A man is swimming in a cenote.
---
part 1 - With a partner, decide which places are best for each activity. If you don’t know a word, check a dictionary (NOT a translator) or look for pictures.
Have you done the activities? Do you do any of them regularly?
---
These are all “go” activities: We typically talk about them with “go” + verb(ing)
I go swimming every day. I went swimming yesterday. I’m going to go swimming tomorrow.

I can’t go swimming. = I don’t have time today.
I can’t swim. = I don’t know how to swim.
---
part 4 - Listen to people talking about two of the photos. Are these sentences true or false?
2 F - They were coming down from rapids, not approaching them.
part 5 - What do you think happened next?
---
Spelling rule: ‘ck’
panic - panicked - panicking
(In English, just like Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian, ‘c’ before ‘e’ or ‘i’ has a different pronunciation. To keep the /k/ sound, we add the letter ‘k’.)
(Other examples: traffic, picnic)
---
Grammar: Simple past and past continuous
---
What tense is used in the sentences in part 5? Why?
- Simple past, because these are past actions that happened once and then finished.
What about most of the sentences in 4?
- Past continuous, because these actions continued for some time in the past.
	(Importantly, something else happened during these actions.)
---
Past Continuous Form: was/were + verb(ing)
y/n ? - Were you rafting in a lake? Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t.
	Was I drinking a lot? Yes, you were. / No, you weren’t.
info ? - What were you doing? What was he doing?
(subject ? - Who was calling? How many people were rafting?)
---
Differences in meaning:
What did you do when you broke your arm? = After you broke your arm, what did you do (in response)?
What were you doing when you broke your arm? = What action were you in the middle of when it happened?

- Past continuous often gives background information.
---
BREAK
---
Action (dynamic) and Non-action (stative) verbs:

Actions require some time (maybe very little).
Non-actions don’t take any time.

“short actions” take very little time; they can be continuous but this is rare
I broke my arm yesterday. (strange to say, “I was breaking my arm.”)

“medium actions” take a medium amount of time; they’re common in simple and continuous, and the meaning is different
I was riding my bike home when I broke my arm. NOT= I rode my bike home when I broke my arm.

“long actions” always take a long time; simple and continuous often have the same meaning
I was living in Boston at the time. = I lived in Boston at the time.
---
p. 35 exercise 11 - complete the paragraph with the correct forms of the verbs
1 was working
2 heard
3 began
4 bought
5 went
6 swam
7 was moving
8 caught up
9 got
10 spent
11 felt
---
Conjunctions: when, while, because, so
I was riding my bike when I broke my arm. = I broke my arm while I was riding my bike.
I wasn’t paying attention, so I got lost. = I got lost because I wasn’t paying attention.
(Note: “when”, “while”, and “because” can also go at the beginning of a sentence. In that case you need a comma in the middle.)
---
p. 35 part 10 - Choose the best conjunction for each situation and write sentences with the correct verbs.
1 When I took a photo of the hippo, I dropped my camera in the water.
  I was taking a photo of the hippo when I dropped my camera in the water.
2 My friend fell out of the raft because he didn’t hold on.
  My friend fell out of the raft because he wasn’t holding on.
3 I saw some strange fish while I was diving.
4 I was having some problems with my mask, so my brother helped me.
  I had some problems with my mask, so my brother helped me.
  I was having some problems with my mask, so my brother was helping me.
  I had some problems with my mask, so my brother was helping me.
---
Think about the first time you did or tried a water activity. (It can be from part 1 or something else.)
Your partners ask yes/no questions until they figure it out. Then switch roles.
---
What do you know about the Titanic? (The ship, not the movie.)
- In 1912, it was the biggest ship. It hit an iceberg and sank on its way from England to New York.
p. 36 - Read “Return to the Titanic”
part 1 - Which question goes with each paragraph?
1 b
2 a
3 d
---
Timeline of Titanic events.
1912 - Titanic sailed. Titanic sank. People died.
- The box holding the bottles disappeared.
1960s - Two US nuclear submarines disappeared.
1985 - Ballard located the Titanic. They jumped for joy. They held a memorial.
 - Salvage company removed items. James Cameron visited the wreck. A couple got married.
2004 - Ballard returned to the Titanic. He saw how it was different.
---
What is the difference in meaning?
At 7:00, I ate dinner. = I started dinner at 7.
At 7:00, I was eating dinner. = I started before and finished after 7. (7:00 was in the middle of dinner.)
At 7:00, I had eaten dinner. = I started and finished before 7.

Instead of a specific hour, we can use another (short) action:
When she got home, I ate dinner.
When she got home, I was eating dinner.
When she got home, I had eaten dinner.
---
Past Perfect:
form = had + past participle
meaning = “past of the past” = something before another specific time in the past
---
Homework (to start in class): p. 159 practice 1 AND p. 160 practice 2