webinar-python-exam-review-2021-06-26

# webinar review 06/26/21

# Good group! We'll get started in a moment...

# Ch 8, 9, 11 and 12 end of chapter exercises are critical practice
# ... and they're structured like most exam questions! No accident!

# Be able to recognize and use common data types and modules
# integers # int
# strings # str
# floats
# lists
# dictionaries # dict
# sets
# tuples
# # modules
# math
# random
# calendar
# datetime
# os
# pandas

# operators
# = # assignment operator
# +
# -
# *
# /
# % # full number remainder, how many are left over?
# // # floor division
# # how many pounds and ounces is 41 ounces?
# # print(41 // 16, "pounds and")
# # print(41 % 16, "ounces")
# ** # raise to a power
# == # you're asking if it's equal... if/elif or while
# += # incrementing, x += 1 is the same as x = x + 1
# -=
# != # asking, not equal?
# >
# <
# >=
# <=
# not
# in # "the membership check" if __ in __
# and
# or

# CONTROL STRUCTURES

# # FUNCTIONS
# # defining vs calling
# # parameters vs arguments
# # parameters are not like other variables
# def myFunction(x):
#   # don't do this! x = 5 # don't hard code your parameters
# myFunction(5)
# myFunction(27)
# return vs print()
# know your useful built-in functions
# understand class methods are themselves functions: str class split(), join(), etc, list append(), pop()

# IF and IF/ELSE and IF/ELIF/ELSE

# LOOPS
# WHILE - pretty much an IF that repeats
# FOR - for repeating a number of times, or most commonly ONCE per value in a CONTAINER
# for __ in __:
# for item in myList:
# for char in myString:
# for key in myDictionary: # myDictionary[key] --> accesses the value for that key

# in for "membership check"
myTuple = ("Gilligan", "Castaway002", "red", "crew")
# item __ in __
if "red" in myTuple:
    print("I found red!")
print("red" in myTuple)
print("blue" in myTuple)

# STRING METHODS
# # help(str)
# print(dir(str))
# myString.count()
# myString.split() # returns a list from the string
# " ".join(someList) # returns a long str from a list plus a seperator string
# myString.find()
# myString.replace()
# myString.index(someValue)
# myString.isupper()
# myString.islower()
# myString.istitle()
# myString.upper()
# myString.lower()
# myString.title()
# myString.capitalize()
# myString.format()
# myString.strip() # plus lstrip() and rstrip()

# Building up larger strings
x = "Sue"
greeting = "How do you do?"
# I could concatenate:
# myString = "My name is " + x + ". " + greeting
# myString = "My name is %s. %s" % (x, greeting)
myString = "My name is {}. {}".format(x, greeting)
print(myString)

# Be able to SLICE like it's second nature.

# LIST METHODS
myList = ["Loki", "Sylvie", "Agent Mobius"]
# myList.append(someItem)
# myList.extend(someOtherList)
# myList.insert(i, someItem)
# myList.pop() # last item, or by index
# myList.remove() # by value
# myList.index()
# myList.sort() # myList.sort(reverse=True)
# myList.reverse()
# myList.count(someItem)
# myList.copy()
# myList.clear()
# print(myList)

# DICTIONARIES
# someDictionary[someKey] # gets the value for that key, myDictionary.get()
# someDictionary[someKey] = someValue # sets a value, replaces myDictionary.update()
scoobies = {
    "Scooby": "a blue collar",
    "Shaggy": "green",
    "Velma": "orange",
    "Daphne": "purple",
    "Fred": "an ascot"
}
scoobies["Scooby Dumb"] = "a red collar"
for key in scoobies:
# for key, value in scoobies.items():
    print("{} always wears {}.".format(key, scoobies[key]))
# myDictionary.get()
# myDictionary.items()
# myDictionary.update()
# # myDictionary.keys()
# # myDictionary.values()

# SETS - remembers sets have ONLY UNIQUE values and HAVE NO ORDER
# mySet.add()
# mySet.remove()
# mySet.discard()

# TUPLES
# no methods are important here

# MODULES
import math
# math.sqrt()
# math.pow() # **
# math.ceil()
# math.floor()
# math.exp() # don't confuse with math.pos()
# math.fsum()
# math.factorial()
# math.e
# math.pi

# RANDOM
import random
# random.random()
# random.choice()
# random.randint(start, stop) # INCLUDES the stop
# random.randrange(start, stop) # EXCLUDES the stop

# DATETIME
import datetime
#print(dir(datetime))
# focus on:
# datetime.datetime
# datetime.datetime(year, month, day)
# datetime.datetime.today()
dd = datetime.datetime.today()
print(dd.day)
# datetime.datetime.day
# datetime.datetime.month
# datetime.datetime.year
# datetime.datetime.hour
print(dd)
# datetime.timedelta
# datetime.timedelta(days=90)
td = datetime.timedelta(weeks=6)
print(td)
print(dd + td)
print(dd + datetime.timedelta(days=1))
print(td.total_seconds())

# os
import os
# os.getcwd()
# os.listdir()
# os.path.basename()
# os.path.dirname()
# os.path.isfile()
# os.path.isdir()
# os.path.exists()

# Complete the function to return FILE if the given path is a file
# or return DIRECTORY if the given path is a directory
# or return NEITHER is it's not a file or directory
def whatIsIt(somePath):
    if os.path.isdir(somePath):
        return "DIRECTORY"
    elif os.path.isfile(somePath):
        return "FILE"
    else:
        return "NEITHER"
print(whatIsIt(os.getcwd())) # DIRECTORY
print(whatIsIt(os.listdir(os.getcwd())[1])) # FILE or DIRECTORY
print(whatIsIt('apple.pie.123.txt')) # NEITHER

# TYPES OF IMPORT STATEMENT
# regular...
# import os # os.getcwd()
# import math # math.e
# partial...
# from math import e # print(e) not print(math.e)
# from os import path # path not os.path
# alias
# import datetime as dt # dt.datetime.today()
# improt math as m # m.e, m.pow() etc

# HTML is just STRINGS

# BUILT IN FUNCTIONS
# help()
# dir()
# print()
# str()
# int()
# float()
# list()
# tuple()
# dict()
# enumerate()
# range()
# len()
# sum()
# min()
# max()
# round()
# type()

for i in range(len(myList)):
    print("{} --> {}".format(i, myList[i]))

myString = [1, 2, 3] # wrong! this isn't a string!
print(type(myString)) # <class 'list'> #... thank you type()!