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- INDOXXI
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- 1
- 00:02:17,679 --> 00:02:22,560
- You can't fly a Spitfire and forget
- about it. It stays with you forever.
- 2
- 00:02:23,477 --> 00:02:25,195
- It stays with you forever.
- 3
- 00:02:40,744 --> 00:02:45,341
- The Spitfire
- was just like a dancing fairy.
- 4
- 00:02:46,458 --> 00:02:48,881
- It was gorgeous.
- 5
- 00:02:49,378 --> 00:02:53,428
- I can't really explain it.
- It was absolutely wonderful.
- 6
- 00:03:00,138 --> 00:03:03,108
- It was childishly simple to fly.
- 7
- 00:03:03,183 --> 00:03:06,027
- Before I could say "nada",
- I was up at 8,000 feet
- 8
- 00:03:06,061 --> 00:03:09,486
- in an aircraft that was doing 400 mph.
- 9
- 00:03:09,564 --> 00:03:12,158
- I'd never been at that speed ever.
- 10
- 00:03:23,328 --> 00:03:27,003
- It was the nearest thing
- to having wings and flying oneself.
- 11
- 00:03:27,708 --> 00:03:30,461
- You only had to blow
- on the control stick
- 12
- 00:03:30,502 --> 00:03:33,221
- and it seemed to do what you wanted.
- 13
- 00:03:38,009 --> 00:03:41,559
- It's so beautiful.
- It is a work of art.
- 14
- 00:03:42,013 --> 00:03:44,391
- But at the same time, you are aware that
- 15
- 00:03:44,474 --> 00:03:47,899
- the purpose of this plane
- was to shoot and kill.
- 16
- 00:03:49,062 --> 00:03:50,689
- It's a killing machine.
- 17
- 00:04:02,409 --> 00:04:05,834
- But it's a weapon of war, a Spitfire.
- 18
- 00:04:05,912 --> 00:04:10,383
- It's a weapon of war, and you've got to
- learn how to use it as a weapon of war.
- 20
- 00:05:34,793 --> 00:05:38,798
- Coningsby is home
- to three squadrons of RAF jet fighters.
- 21
- 00:05:41,091 --> 00:05:45,938
- On the shoulders of these men and women
- rests the air defence of Great Britain.
- 22
- 00:05:47,556 --> 00:05:52,437
- But it is also home to
- the most revered aircraft of all time:
- 23
- 00:05:52,811 --> 00:05:54,484
- the Spitfire.
- 24
- 00:05:55,063 --> 00:05:58,567
- And this was the last ever
- to see service.
- 25
- 00:06:05,699 --> 00:06:08,452
- A few of these famous
- aircraft have been operated
- 26
- 00:06:08,535 --> 00:06:11,584
- on daily met flights, helping
- in the task of weather forecasting.
- 27
- 00:06:11,621 --> 00:06:14,340
- But now, 21 years
- after the prototype first flew,
- 28
- 00:06:14,416 --> 00:06:16,635
- the last of the Spitfires
- are to be retired.
- 29
- 00:06:17,335 --> 00:06:18,427
- Their day is done,
- 30
- 00:06:18,503 --> 00:06:22,303
- though three Spits will be kept by
- the RAF for Battle of Britain flypasts,
- 31
- 00:06:22,340 --> 00:06:25,093
- commemorating the battle
- they did so much to win.
- 32
- 00:06:28,513 --> 00:06:30,641
- For me,
- and I think the British people,
- 33
- 00:06:30,724 --> 00:06:36,982
- these aeroplanes represent innovation,
- ingenuity, determination,
- 34
- 00:06:37,063 --> 00:06:40,693
- and an unwillingness to be bullied.
- 35
- 00:06:40,775 --> 00:06:45,155
- And really, the Spitfire
- is emblematic of that.
- 36
- 00:06:46,740 --> 00:06:50,961
- This beautiful machine
- is our Mark IIA Spitfire,
- 37
- 00:06:51,036 --> 00:06:53,004
- and, in my opinion,
- 38
- 00:06:53,079 --> 00:06:56,333
- this is the most
- precious flying machine on the planet,
- 39
- 00:06:56,416 --> 00:06:58,839
- bar maybe the Apollo 11 Command Capsule
- 40
- 00:06:58,919 --> 00:07:00,091
- which brought the boys back
- 41
- 00:07:00,170 --> 00:07:02,764
- from the first trip to the moon,
- the first landing on the moon.
- 42
- 00:07:02,839 --> 00:07:04,136
- And the reason I say that is,
- 43
- 00:07:04,215 --> 00:07:08,311
- this is the only Spitfire in the world
- still flying today
- 44
- 00:07:08,386 --> 00:07:10,639
- that actually fought
- in the Battle of Britain.
- 45
- 00:07:10,722 --> 00:07:14,443
- So it's a truly, truly priceless
- flying machine.
- 46
- 00:07:14,517 --> 00:07:16,360
- And it also happens to be
- one of the most,
- 47
- 00:07:16,436 --> 00:07:20,566
- if not the most beautiful machine
- that man has ever made, in my opinion.
- 48
- 00:07:25,445 --> 00:07:27,789
- I think, for most of the pilots
- on the flight,
- 49
- 00:07:27,864 --> 00:07:30,083
- this one holds a particular place
- in their hearts
- 50
- 00:07:30,158 --> 00:07:33,128
- because, of course, we grew up with
- the legend of the Battle of Britain.
- 51
- 00:07:33,203 --> 00:07:36,252
- For people who joined the Royal
- Air Force, it's part of our core ethos.
- 52
- 00:07:36,331 --> 00:07:39,585
- So to then be able to sit
- in this machine, or to even fly it,
- 53
- 00:07:39,668 --> 00:07:42,046
- is an incredible privilege.
- 54
- 00:07:44,714 --> 00:07:50,437
- These are the planes that saved Britain
- and Europe in its darkest hour.
- 55
- 00:07:56,267 --> 00:07:59,862
- At the height of the Second World War,
- a film was produced
- 56
- 00:07:59,938 --> 00:08:03,693
- which would forever fix the Spitfire
- in the public's imagination.
- 57
- 00:08:06,152 --> 00:08:10,999
- "The First of the Few" told the story
- of the famous fighter aircraft
- 58
- 00:08:11,074 --> 00:08:14,248
- and its creator, RJ Mitchell.
- 59
- 00:08:14,703 --> 00:08:16,421
- What have you been up to?
- 60
- 00:08:16,496 --> 00:08:17,964
- - Thinking.
- - Great thoughts?
- 61
- 00:08:18,039 --> 00:08:20,383
- - Oh, terrific.
- - Such as?
- 62
- 00:08:20,458 --> 00:08:22,836
- - The birds fly a lot better than we do.
- 63
- 00:08:22,919 --> 00:08:24,296
- You don't say!
- 64
- 00:08:24,379 --> 00:08:27,679
- I do, but then they've been at it
- some millions of years.
- 65
- 00:08:27,757 --> 00:08:30,180
- We've got to learn from them
- if we ever want to fly properly.
- 66
- 00:08:30,844 --> 00:08:32,846
- The film had a huge impact
- 67
- 00:08:32,929 --> 00:08:37,400
- and turned a weapon of war
- into an international icon.
- 68
- 00:08:37,475 --> 00:08:39,603
- See how
- they wheel and bank and glide?
- 69
- 00:08:40,186 --> 00:08:41,529
- Perfect.
- 70
- 00:08:42,022 --> 00:08:46,152
- And all in one;
- wings, body, tail, all in one.
- 71
- 00:08:46,985 --> 00:08:49,113
- - But you wait.
- 72
- 00:08:49,195 --> 00:08:53,416
- Someday I'm going to build a plane
- that'll be just like a bird.
- 73
- 00:08:54,117 --> 00:08:55,869
- Why, it is like a bird.
- 74
- 00:08:55,952 --> 00:08:58,421
- What a strange-looking machine.
- 75
- 00:09:08,506 --> 00:09:12,056
- As a child, for me,
- running around this place was magical.
- 76
- 00:09:14,054 --> 00:09:15,601
- If we were to come down at the weekend,
- 77
- 00:09:15,680 --> 00:09:18,308
- my father would be doing
- a particular job on one of the aircraft.
- 78
- 00:09:18,391 --> 00:09:19,734
- I was left to roam.
- 79
- 00:09:20,769 --> 00:09:23,693
- And it gave me a great sense
- of what these aircraft were about,
- 80
- 00:09:23,772 --> 00:09:25,740
- even at an early age.
- 81
- 00:09:26,858 --> 00:09:29,862
- So, looking at what it means
- to aviation,
- 82
- 00:09:29,944 --> 00:09:32,322
- and what it means
- to the story of the Spitfire,
- 83
- 00:09:33,865 --> 00:09:36,539
- this aircraft, the Supermarine S.6,
- 84
- 00:09:36,951 --> 00:09:39,875
- I think it's the most important aircraft
- we've got here.
- 85
- 00:09:41,790 --> 00:09:43,588
- What gets me is it's so narrow.
- 86
- 00:09:43,666 --> 00:09:46,340
- Even after all this time
- of knowing the aircraft, it's so narrow.
- 87
- 00:09:46,419 --> 00:09:49,389
- You appreciate, of course, they
- went in sideways and then turned round
- 88
- 00:09:49,422 --> 00:09:52,096
- so they got their shoulders
- under the coaming here.
- 89
- 00:09:52,175 --> 00:09:55,270
- Head back on here.
- And a very thin cushion to sit on.
- 90
- 00:10:00,683 --> 00:10:05,405
- So N248 was built for
- the Schneider Trophy Contest in 1929.
- 91
- 00:10:06,648 --> 00:10:09,868
- The Schneider Trophy
- was a race for seaplanes.
- 92
- 00:10:09,943 --> 00:10:14,244
- It started before the First World War
- as a fairly small event in Monaco.
- 93
- 00:10:14,322 --> 00:10:17,952
- By 1931 it was
- an international spectacle.
- 94
- 00:10:25,667 --> 00:10:27,169
- At the last race, in 1931,
- 95
- 00:10:27,252 --> 00:10:30,131
- a million people came down
- to the shores of the Solent
- 96
- 00:10:30,213 --> 00:10:32,432
- to watch the race happen.
- 97
- 00:10:32,507 --> 00:10:33,884
- These machines,
- 98
- 00:10:33,967 --> 00:10:38,939
- like N248, and the Italian machines
- and the American machines that entered
- 99
- 00:10:39,013 --> 00:10:40,936
- were the fastest machines on Earth.
- 100
- 00:10:41,015 --> 00:10:44,519
- And the pilots who flew them
- were the fastest men on Earth.
- 101
- 00:10:47,063 --> 00:10:48,189
- Fire!
- 102
- 00:10:52,610 --> 00:10:54,533
- When this
- competition started,
- 103
- 00:10:54,612 --> 00:10:57,411
- the speeds were around about 40 mph.
- 104
- 00:10:57,740 --> 00:11:00,664
- By the time it finished,
- they were 400 mph.
- 105
- 00:11:09,919 --> 00:11:12,843
- Well done indeed. Well done indeed.
- 106
- 00:11:27,645 --> 00:11:33,118
- Mr RJ Mitchell, of
- Southampton, England, will talk to you
- 107
- 00:11:33,193 --> 00:11:36,618
- on the design
- of the Schneider Trophy seaplane.
- 108
- 00:11:38,489 --> 00:11:40,787
- In the design
- of a seaplane of this type,
- 109
- 00:11:40,867 --> 00:11:44,462
- the one outstanding
- and all-important requirement is speed.
- 110
- 00:11:45,580 --> 00:11:48,675
- Every feature has to be sacrificed
- to this demand.
- 111
- 00:11:49,792 --> 00:11:53,672
- It is not good enough to follow
- conventional methods of design.
- 112
- 00:11:53,755 --> 00:11:55,803
- It is essential to break new ground
- 113
- 00:11:55,882 --> 00:11:59,682
- and to invent and evolve new methods
- and new ideas.
- 114
- 00:12:00,970 --> 00:12:03,064
- There is the myth
- around Mitchell
- 115
- 00:12:03,139 --> 00:12:06,734
- of being a genius who designed
- all these aircraft on his own,
- 116
- 00:12:06,809 --> 00:12:09,062
- with a little notebook and a pencil.
- 117
- 00:12:09,896 --> 00:12:13,321
- In fact there was an enormous
- design team for a Supermarine.
- 118
- 00:12:13,775 --> 00:12:19,373
- He had around him people who had
- superior knowledge on high-speed flight.
- 119
- 00:12:19,447 --> 00:12:22,826
- And that was invaluable
- when they went back to the drawing board
- 120
- 00:12:22,909 --> 00:12:26,209
- after the race in 1931
- and started on the Spitfire.
- 121
- 00:12:32,752 --> 00:12:36,507
- It wasn't just Britain
- making strides in aviation.
- 122
- 00:12:38,216 --> 00:12:42,471
- In Germany, a new and increasingly
- sinister political force
- 123
- 00:12:42,553 --> 00:12:45,978
- was using aircraft
- to spread its influence.
- 124
- 00:12:47,725 --> 00:12:52,572
- These new developments became
- a powerful symbol of Nazi ambition.
- 125
- 00:12:53,648 --> 00:12:58,279
- By 1933,
- this could no longer be ignored.
- 126
- 00:13:00,947 --> 00:13:03,700
- For months, some of us have been
- trying to impress on the government
- 127
- 00:13:03,783 --> 00:13:05,080
- that the danger is growing.
- 128
- 00:13:05,159 --> 00:13:07,537
- But this is a democratic country.
- 129
- 00:13:07,620 --> 00:13:09,964
- The policy of the government
- is the will of the people.
- 130
- 00:13:10,039 --> 00:13:11,791
- Or it's supposed to be.
- 131
- 00:13:11,874 --> 00:13:15,674
- And the passionate desire of every
- sane, thinking person is for peace.
- 132
- 00:13:17,046 --> 00:13:19,344
- Well, Mitchell, what do you propose?
- 133
- 00:13:20,425 --> 00:13:22,018
- I want to build a fighter.
- 134
- 00:13:22,093 --> 00:13:25,063
- The fastest and deadliest
- fighting aeroplane in the world.
- 135
- 00:13:30,018 --> 00:13:33,568
- It's got to do 400 mph,
- turn on a sixpence,
- 136
- 00:13:33,646 --> 00:13:35,990
- climb 10,000 feet in a few minutes,
- 137
- 00:13:36,065 --> 00:13:38,944
- dive at 500
- without the wings coming off,
- 138
- 00:13:39,027 --> 00:13:40,825
- carry eight machine guns.
- 139
- 00:14:02,633 --> 00:14:04,510
- As far as
- aeroplane design goes,
- 140
- 00:14:04,594 --> 00:14:07,814
- everybody's looking for
- those few percent improvements.
- 141
- 00:14:10,975 --> 00:14:13,194
- That slight edge in performance.
- 142
- 00:14:17,774 --> 00:14:22,530
- Aerodynamics, engines, structures,
- this type of thing.
- 143
- 00:14:25,907 --> 00:14:30,413
- This is the old 24-foot wind tunnel
- at Farnborough.
- 144
- 00:14:35,249 --> 00:14:41,382
- It was used basically to wind-tunnel
- test full-scale aeroplanes.
- 145
- 00:14:47,387 --> 00:14:51,688
- Various countries, particularly Germany,
- were heading towards a war situation,
- 146
- 00:14:51,766 --> 00:14:54,610
- were developing fast bombers.
- 147
- 00:14:55,103 --> 00:14:58,778
- So fighters had to
- become faster as well.
- 148
- 00:14:59,190 --> 00:15:01,363
- We were terribly behind.
- 149
- 00:15:02,693 --> 00:15:05,162
- But there was this constant
- cross-fertilisation
- 150
- 00:15:05,238 --> 00:15:09,960
- between what the Germans were doing and
- what we were doing here at Farnborough.
- 151
- 00:15:11,244 --> 00:15:15,465
- And this is the key to the whole story
- of the Spitfire's wing.
- 152
- 00:15:20,878 --> 00:15:24,678
- Beverley Shenstone was a young Canadian
- aeronautical engineering graduate
- 153
- 00:15:24,757 --> 00:15:26,304
- who came over to Britain
- 154
- 00:15:26,342 --> 00:15:29,596
- and then immediately got himself
- a job with Junkers in Germany
- 155
- 00:15:29,679 --> 00:15:32,808
- to try and find out what the Germans
- were doing in this area.
- 156
- 00:15:36,602 --> 00:15:39,071
- I think it has been suggested
- that he might have been a spy,
- 157
- 00:15:39,147 --> 00:15:42,822
- but I don't know
- about that side of things.
- 158
- 00:15:43,985 --> 00:15:48,081
- He met one of the great names
- in aerodynamics, Ludwig Prandtl.
- 159
- 00:15:50,700 --> 00:15:54,830
- And it turned out that in 1918,
- Prandtl had published
- 160
- 00:15:54,912 --> 00:15:58,416
- the description of all their work
- during the First World War,
- 161
- 00:15:59,125 --> 00:16:02,720
- including a wing plan form
- shaped as an ellipse.
- 162
- 00:16:07,175 --> 00:16:10,805
- But he didn't just draw
- a simple ellipse,
- 163
- 00:16:10,887 --> 00:16:14,562
- he drew two halves of two ellipses.
- 164
- 00:16:15,850 --> 00:16:19,696
- A bluntish ellipse here,
- and a much deeper ellipse there.
- 165
- 00:16:19,770 --> 00:16:24,947
- And that, I have to say,
- is not only like, similar to,
- 166
- 00:16:25,026 --> 00:16:30,624
- it's damn well geometrically identical
- to what emerged on the Spitfire.
- 167
- 00:16:31,824 --> 00:16:36,204
- And I think Shenstone picked up
- that idea and brought it back
- 168
- 00:16:36,287 --> 00:16:41,794
- when he came to work for Supermarine
- in 1933, and suggested it to Mitchell.
- 169
- 00:16:42,376 --> 00:16:45,755
- So, basically,
- the Spitfire had a German wing.
- 170
- 00:16:46,631 --> 00:16:48,349
- And I suspect that a lot of people
- 171
- 00:16:48,382 --> 00:16:50,760
- have been too embarrassed
- to say anything about it.
- 172
- 00:16:56,807 --> 00:17:00,186
- In the aircraft factories
- of Britain, our workmen are trained
- 173
- 00:17:00,269 --> 00:17:03,944
- to build to the most severe standards
- of accuracy in the world.
- 174
- 00:17:06,901 --> 00:17:12,908
- Every part has been tested and re-tested
- until human ingenuity can do no more.
- 175
- 00:17:18,663 --> 00:17:21,837
- There are over 11,000 parts
- in a Merlin engine.
- 176
- 00:17:24,418 --> 00:17:27,137
- Over 140 separate machining operations
- are needed
- 177
- 00:17:27,213 --> 00:17:29,341
- to produce the Merlin crankshaft.
- 178
- 00:17:30,883 --> 00:17:33,011
- Women prove themselves
- to be particularly adept
- 179
- 00:17:33,094 --> 00:17:34,562
- at this exacting work.
- 180
- 00:17:36,556 --> 00:17:40,356
- At each station, a sub-assembly,
- or component, is added to the engine.
- 181
- 00:17:42,270 --> 00:17:46,150
- At the end of the line, the completed
- engine is vetted by an inspector
- 182
- 00:17:46,232 --> 00:17:48,860
- who notes the numbers
- of individual components
- 183
- 00:17:48,901 --> 00:17:51,654
- and assigns a new number
- to the whole engine.
- 184
- 00:17:51,737 --> 00:17:54,115
- From now on, it has an identity.
- 185
- 00:18:00,580 --> 00:18:03,208
- On March the 5th, 1936,
- 186
- 00:18:03,291 --> 00:18:06,591
- the new fighter's prototype
- was ready for testing.
- 187
- 00:18:11,048 --> 00:18:13,221
- There is only one person alive today
- 188
- 00:18:13,301 --> 00:18:16,931
- who remembers
- the Spitfire's first test flight.
- 189
- 00:18:19,140 --> 00:18:21,108
- Well, I was four and a half.
- 190
- 00:18:22,059 --> 00:18:26,485
- My father worked at Supermarine
- for RJ Mitchell.
- 191
- 00:18:26,939 --> 00:18:29,943
- So we grew up with the aeroplanes
- and the Spitfire especially,
- 192
- 00:18:30,026 --> 00:18:33,701
- because Father was looking after
- the development of that.
- 193
- 00:18:34,864 --> 00:18:36,787
- One day he said to Mother,
- 194
- 00:18:36,866 --> 00:18:39,710
- "Do you want to come and see
- the first flight of our new aeroplane?"
- 195
- 00:18:41,203 --> 00:18:45,253
- So we got in the back of the car
- and off we all went to Eastleigh.
- 197
- 00:18:56,510 --> 00:18:58,183
- The pilot came out and got in.
- 198
- 00:18:59,221 --> 00:19:00,814
- And then off he went.
- 199
- 00:19:37,218 --> 00:19:39,812
- This is the latest type
- of single-seater fighter,
- 200
- 00:19:39,887 --> 00:19:41,480
- and as you can see, a monoplane.
- 201
- 00:19:41,847 --> 00:19:46,227
- In design and construction, she is not
- unlike the last Schneider Trophy winner.
- 202
- 00:19:48,104 --> 00:19:51,358
- We are flying along in our own plane
- at about 175.
- 203
- 00:19:52,233 --> 00:19:53,655
- So, what speed she is capable of
- 204
- 00:19:53,734 --> 00:19:56,362
- you may judge from the pace
- at which she overtakes us.
- 205
- 00:20:06,622 --> 00:20:09,922
- And she's going to be a great asset
- to the RAF, it's pretty obvious.
- 206
- 00:20:34,900 --> 00:20:38,530
- Father was very pleased
- that it had taken off all right
- 207
- 00:20:38,612 --> 00:20:40,489
- and flown and come back.
- 208
- 00:20:40,573 --> 00:20:43,122
- "Oh, that was all right, that was good,"
- or something.
- 209
- 00:20:44,660 --> 00:20:48,665
- And that was the first flight
- of the Spitfire.
- 211
- 00:21:05,556 --> 00:21:09,527
- Just two days later,
- on March the 7th, 1936,
- 212
- 00:21:09,602 --> 00:21:12,651
- Hitler's troops marched
- into the Rhineland.
- 213
- 00:21:14,231 --> 00:21:17,906
- It was an ominous moment
- for the future of Europe.
- 214
- 00:21:17,985 --> 00:21:21,080
- 215
- 00:21:34,043 --> 00:21:36,216
- We knew perfectly well it was coming.
- 216
- 00:21:37,630 --> 00:21:44,138
- The rise of Hitler and all this business
- about occupying the Rhine
- 217
- 00:21:44,595 --> 00:21:49,772
- was the time that we realised
- that there was a war on the way.
- 218
- 00:21:49,850 --> 00:21:54,276
- Churchill had been warning us, kept
- warning us and warning us all the time,
- 219
- 00:21:54,355 --> 00:21:56,574
- about what was going to happen.
- 220
- 00:21:56,649 --> 00:21:59,402
- But at that age,
- you don't worry about the future.
- 221
- 00:22:01,779 --> 00:22:04,328
- I don't think
- I had any specific feelings.
- 222
- 00:22:04,406 --> 00:22:07,034
- The average 18-, 19-year-old
- 223
- 00:22:07,117 --> 00:22:11,042
- is not terribly interested in
- what's happening in the future.
- 224
- 00:22:12,540 --> 00:22:16,545
- I certainly don't remember thinking,
- "Oh, my goodness," you know.
- 225
- 00:22:16,627 --> 00:22:18,721
- "We've got a war possibly coming."
- 226
- 00:22:21,799 --> 00:22:26,020
- With the threat growing by the day,
- and time running out,
- 227
- 00:22:26,095 --> 00:22:28,314
- Britain needed the Spitfire.
- 228
- 00:22:29,390 --> 00:22:33,816
- But in June 1937
- came a terrible setback.
- 229
- 00:22:39,984 --> 00:22:42,203
- Well, I suppose you know
- something of the trouble
- 230
- 00:22:42,278 --> 00:22:44,155
- or you wouldn't have come to me.
- 231
- 00:22:44,238 --> 00:22:46,081
- I had an idea of it, yes.
- 232
- 00:22:46,657 --> 00:22:49,501
- I'm afraid you're a rather sick man,
- Mr Mitchell.
- 233
- 00:22:49,952 --> 00:22:52,046
- I had an idea of that, too.
- 234
- 00:23:08,846 --> 00:23:10,814
- Well, he'd been ill for some time.
- 235
- 00:23:12,641 --> 00:23:16,987
- We weren't aware of it, being children,
- but obviously Father would've been.
- 236
- 00:23:18,647 --> 00:23:23,824
- Because we used to go to his house
- at weekends if there was something,
- 237
- 00:23:23,861 --> 00:23:27,206
- information that Father had
- that he had to discuss with him.
- 238
- 00:23:29,450 --> 00:23:32,044
- And we just stopped doing that.
- 239
- 00:23:32,786 --> 00:23:36,086
- Father all dressed up in black one day
- and went off and...
- 240
- 00:23:36,999 --> 00:23:38,421
- that was it.
- 241
- 00:23:42,087 --> 00:23:45,808
- It was very sad, obviously,
- for everybody, especially in the team,
- 242
- 00:23:45,883 --> 00:23:47,806
- when their leader's gone.
- 243
- 00:23:57,561 --> 00:23:59,814
- In its hour of greatest need,
- 244
- 00:23:59,897 --> 00:24:03,572
- the country had lost
- its greatest aircraft designer
- 245
- 00:24:03,651 --> 00:24:05,779
- at the age of 42.
- 246
- 00:24:07,404 --> 00:24:11,625
- It was now a race against time
- to get the Spitfire finished.
- 247
- 00:24:13,494 --> 00:24:17,840
- It would join Britain's other
- new fighter, the Hawker Hurricane.
- 248
- 00:24:18,290 --> 00:24:21,965
- Both would prove vital
- in the coming conflict.
- 249
- 00:24:24,129 --> 00:24:27,099
- A welcome sight
- in the Vickers works at Eastleigh,
- 250
- 00:24:27,174 --> 00:24:29,518
- one of the factories
- where the production of Spitfires
- 251
- 00:24:29,593 --> 00:24:30,936
- is rapidly going ahead.
- 252
- 00:24:31,011 --> 00:24:32,388
- In the present state of Europe,
- 253
- 00:24:32,471 --> 00:24:35,065
- the country couldn't possibly have
- too many of these fighters,
- 254
- 00:24:35,140 --> 00:24:37,393
- which claim to be
- the fastest in the world.
- 255
- 00:24:40,145 --> 00:24:42,694
- Their powerful engines are lined up
- ready for installation,
- 256
- 00:24:42,773 --> 00:24:45,868
- and every operation of manufacture
- and assembly is carried out
- 257
- 00:24:45,901 --> 00:24:48,825
- with that delicate precision for which
- British workmanship is famous.
- 258
- 00:24:50,072 --> 00:24:52,450
- On completion the machines
- are given a thorough try-out.
- 259
- 00:24:52,533 --> 00:24:53,785
- You'll be pleased to notice
- 260
- 00:24:53,867 --> 00:24:56,711
- the rapidity of their climb
- and their handiness in the air.
- 261
- 00:25:10,050 --> 00:25:12,803
- I'd reached the dizzy age of 19,
- 262
- 00:25:12,886 --> 00:25:19,610
- and it was a time when everybody
- was beginning to think of joining up.
- 263
- 00:25:20,144 --> 00:25:23,990
- And I decided the best thing to do
- 264
- 00:25:24,064 --> 00:25:28,365
- was to join the RAFVR,
- volunteer reserve.
- 265
- 00:25:29,111 --> 00:25:33,912
- And, in due course,
- I did get called up for flying training.
- 266
- 00:25:35,701 --> 00:25:39,422
- And so my flying career
- started in a Tiger Moth.
- 267
- 00:25:42,332 --> 00:25:46,053
- I wanted to fly
- but it was an expensive business.
- 268
- 00:25:46,503 --> 00:25:49,222
- So I thought, "The cheapest way
- is join the Air Force."
- 269
- 00:25:49,298 --> 00:25:52,222
- "They probably pay you to learn to fly."
- 270
- 00:25:53,552 --> 00:25:55,680
- I wrote off to Air Ministry saying that,
- 271
- 00:25:55,763 --> 00:25:58,937
- basically, I was leaving school within
- a year and wanted to fly an aeroplane
- 272
- 00:25:59,016 --> 00:26:01,110
- and could they give me a job, really.
- 273
- 00:26:13,655 --> 00:26:18,752
- in August 1938,
- the Spitfire entered RAF service.
- 274
- 00:26:20,370 --> 00:26:22,839
- It was not a moment too soon.
- 275
- 00:26:46,730 --> 00:26:50,075
- This morning,
- the British ambassador in Berlin
- 276
- 00:26:50,943 --> 00:26:54,789
- handed the German government
- a final note,
- 277
- 00:26:55,364 --> 00:26:58,584
- stating that unless we heard from them
- 278
- 00:26:58,659 --> 00:27:02,289
- by 11 o'clock, that they were prepared,
- 279
- 00:27:02,371 --> 00:27:05,966
- at once,
- to withdraw their troops from Poland,
- 280
- 00:27:06,041 --> 00:27:09,591
- a state of war would exist between us.
- 281
- 00:27:11,171 --> 00:27:16,473
- I have to tell you now that no such
- undertaking has been received,
- 282
- 00:27:17,177 --> 00:27:22,809
- and that, consequently,
- this country is at war with Germany.
- 283
- 00:27:31,567 --> 00:27:35,037
- It came over the radio
- that we were at war.
- 284
- 00:27:36,947 --> 00:27:40,622
- Had half a mug of wine each
- and wished each other good luck.
- 285
- 00:27:41,076 --> 00:27:42,328
- And that was it.
- 286
- 00:27:42,411 --> 00:27:45,130
- lt was quite emotional at the time.
- 287
- 00:27:50,002 --> 00:27:52,425
- We discussed it with each other and...
- 288
- 00:27:53,255 --> 00:27:56,475
- Well, it's the sort of thing I think
- anyone would find a bit emotional
- 289
- 00:27:56,550 --> 00:28:02,307
- if you're suddenly told
- that war had already been declared.
- 290
- 00:28:03,056 --> 00:28:04,649
- You knew you were in it.
- 291
- 00:28:05,184 --> 00:28:08,108
- Because after all,
- it was what you were being trained for.
- 292
- 00:28:10,647 --> 00:28:12,775
- It was exciting, exciting.
- 293
- 00:28:12,858 --> 00:28:16,362
- We wanted the war to start, you know,
- and wanted to be in it.
- 294
- 00:28:16,445 --> 00:28:18,197
- Didn't want to be left behind.
- 295
- 00:28:18,280 --> 00:28:20,624
- And don't forget, I was 18, 19.
- 296
- 00:28:20,699 --> 00:28:23,669
- Very enthusiastic about everything
- in those days.
- 297
- 00:28:25,662 --> 00:28:27,960
- What went through my mind was
- 298
- 00:28:28,040 --> 00:28:30,919
- how long would it be
- before I got on a squadron?
- 299
- 00:28:31,752 --> 00:28:35,802
- I went first of all
- I think it was to Biggin Hill.
- 300
- 00:28:35,881 --> 00:28:37,599
- And the CO looked at me and said,
- 301
- 00:28:37,674 --> 00:28:40,894
- "How many hours have you done
- on Hurricanes, Pickering?"
- 302
- 00:28:40,969 --> 00:28:43,392
- I said, "I've never even seen one, sir."
- 303
- 00:28:43,472 --> 00:28:48,103
- So, he said, "Well, go on out there,
- go and have a look at it."
- 304
- 00:28:50,771 --> 00:28:52,614
- Towards the end of my training,
- 305
- 00:28:52,689 --> 00:28:55,317
- I think the war was getting
- a bit worrying to everybody
- 306
- 00:28:55,400 --> 00:29:00,531
- and I was taken out of practice camp
- and I ended up in a Spitfire squadron.
- 307
- 00:29:02,324 --> 00:29:06,670
- When I first saw the Spitfire I thought,
- "My gosh, this is quite something."
- 308
- 00:29:08,580 --> 00:29:10,958
- The ground crew had strapped me in
- 309
- 00:29:11,041 --> 00:29:14,295
- and it was all a bit intimidating,
- you know. Even the start-up.
- 311
- 00:29:21,593 --> 00:29:24,221
- Smoke coming right back...
- I can see it now.
- 312
- 00:29:40,529 --> 00:29:43,123
- I remember taxiing out
- and being very careful.
- 313
- 00:30:33,623 --> 00:30:35,921
- It seemed to hurtle itself in the air
- 314
- 00:30:36,001 --> 00:30:38,925
- with me hanging on
- to the stick and the throttle,
- 315
- 00:30:39,004 --> 00:30:40,881
- dragging me along with it, you know.
- 316
- 00:31:23,382 --> 00:31:28,058
- In the spring of 1940,
- Hitler's attack in the west began.
- 317
- 00:31:29,888 --> 00:31:31,890
- Europe crumbled.
- 318
- 00:31:33,517 --> 00:31:37,192
- When France fell,
- the British army retreated to Dunkirk
- 319
- 00:31:38,271 --> 00:31:40,990
- and by a miracle return home.
- 320
- 00:31:42,526 --> 00:31:46,576
- Now just one country remained
- in Hitler's sights.
- 321
- 00:31:53,620 --> 00:31:57,921
- What General Weygand has called
- the Battle of France is over.
- 322
- 00:31:58,750 --> 00:32:01,378
- The Battle of Britain is about to begin.
- 323
- 00:32:05,257 --> 00:32:10,809
- Hitler knows that he will have to
- break us in this island or lose the war.
- 324
- 00:32:11,304 --> 00:32:15,400
- If we can stand up to him,
- all Europe may be free
- 325
- 00:32:15,767 --> 00:32:22,241
- and the life of the world may
- move forward into broad, sunlit uplands.
- 326
- 00:32:25,152 --> 00:32:28,247
- The Germans were going to
- land with a quarter of a million people
- 327
- 00:32:28,321 --> 00:32:31,825
- on the south coast of Britain
- between Brighton and Dover.
- 328
- 00:32:33,785 --> 00:32:36,914
- Had they landed, they would have won,
- without a doubt.
- 329
- 00:32:37,289 --> 00:32:40,884
- And the course of world history
- would've been changed.
- 330
- 00:32:45,297 --> 00:32:47,720
- We fully realised
- 331
- 00:32:47,799 --> 00:32:50,848
- that we'd got to stop the Hun
- from getting over.
- 332
- 00:32:51,511 --> 00:32:57,109
- and we knew that we were
- an important line in the defence,
- 333
- 00:32:57,601 --> 00:32:59,603
- being fighter pilots.
- 334
- 00:33:00,854 --> 00:33:06,236
- If he ever landed and secured
- a foothold, we'd never get him out.
- 335
- 00:33:10,030 --> 00:33:15,582
- There was never ever
- any thought of defeat. Never.
- 336
- 00:33:17,370 --> 00:33:20,249
- We were cocky. We were the bee's knees.
- 337
- 00:33:20,332 --> 00:33:23,302
- After all,
- we'd got wonderful aircraft to fly.
- 338
- 00:33:25,420 --> 00:33:29,345
- We were very fortunate,
- in spite of the Treasury,
- 339
- 00:33:29,382 --> 00:33:32,261
- that we had Spitfires and Hurricanes.
- 340
- 00:34:03,708 --> 00:34:06,382
- For a German invasion to succeed,
- 341
- 00:34:06,419 --> 00:34:10,595
- Hitler needed to destroy
- the Royal Air Force and its airfields
- 342
- 00:34:10,674 --> 00:34:13,644
- and secure mastery of the skies.
- 343
- 00:34:18,932 --> 00:34:22,357
- The Luftwaffe had 2,600 aircraft.
- 344
- 00:34:23,436 --> 00:34:27,782
- They outnumbered RAF Fighter Command
- by four to one.
- 345
- 00:34:30,068 --> 00:34:34,699
- For most of the young pilots,
- it would be their first time in action.
- 346
- 00:34:35,407 --> 00:34:38,661
- If they failed, the country would fall.
- 347
- 00:34:39,995 --> 00:34:42,373
- Obviously we were going to be involved
- 348
- 00:34:42,455 --> 00:34:44,128
- in a pretty serious business.
- 349
- 00:34:45,208 --> 00:34:48,428
- Being shot down didn't appeal to me.
- 350
- 00:34:49,921 --> 00:34:51,923
- So I thought, "How do I avoid it?"
- 351
- 00:34:53,216 --> 00:34:55,810
- Make yourself a difficult target.
- How do you do that?
- 352
- 00:34:55,885 --> 00:34:58,764
- Never fly straight and level
- for more than ten seconds.
- 353
- 00:35:00,140 --> 00:35:03,144
- It's always the German you did not see
- that shot you down.
- 354
- 00:35:11,985 --> 00:35:16,161
- My thoughts never went
- to what the future might hold
- 355
- 00:35:16,239 --> 00:35:19,493
- or whether we were going to get
- through it or what was going to happen.
- 356
- 00:35:20,243 --> 00:35:26,091
- After all, we were only
- about 19 or 20, 21, you know.
- 357
- 00:35:27,292 --> 00:35:29,010
- We were pretty young.
- 358
- 00:35:40,096 --> 00:35:43,100
- We were all pals together.
- 359
- 00:35:43,141 --> 00:35:45,143
- The camaraderie was great.
- 360
- 00:35:45,226 --> 00:35:48,230
- We knew we depended upon each other.
- 361
- 00:35:48,313 --> 00:35:54,116
- We knew that we were sure of
- getting support, wherever we were.
- 362
- 00:35:58,365 --> 00:36:03,041
- I was sent to Uxbridge,
- which is 11 Group headquarters,
- 363
- 00:36:03,119 --> 00:36:05,292
- into the operations room.
- 364
- 00:36:06,539 --> 00:36:09,418
- I don't want to blow my own trumpet,
- but I was a good plotter.
- 365
- 00:36:09,501 --> 00:36:11,503
- I shouldn't say that.
- 366
- 00:36:11,586 --> 00:36:15,591
- But that was why I was always
- on the southeast corner,
- 367
- 00:36:15,674 --> 00:36:17,426
- which was the busy corner.
- 368
- 00:36:28,561 --> 00:36:31,531
- Enemy aircraft was picked up
- on the radar.
- 369
- 00:36:35,026 --> 00:36:38,405
- All that information
- was sent to fight command.
- 370
- 00:36:40,198 --> 00:36:44,578
- They sorted it out, and then sent
- the plots out to the groups.
- 371
- 00:36:45,453 --> 00:36:46,875
- 372
- 00:36:46,955 --> 00:36:49,925
- So we'd say "scramble" and they would
- have to get up in the air.
- 373
- 00:36:58,967 --> 00:37:02,767
- As the plots kept coming through,
- we would put the arrows on the table
- 374
- 00:37:02,846 --> 00:37:05,440
- so that the controller
- could see what was going on.
- 375
- 00:37:18,278 --> 00:37:23,751
- The controller had the information
- and was able to pass it on to the pilot.
- 376
- 00:37:29,622 --> 00:37:33,593
- I remember climbing up,
- struggling for height, and looking up.
- 377
- 00:37:34,252 --> 00:37:38,849
- And this one went out.
- One of 20 to 30 above my head.
- 378
- 00:37:39,549 --> 00:37:44,020
- And there's this fascination
- of seeing the enemy close at hand.
- 379
- 00:37:45,889 --> 00:37:48,312
- Seeing the black crosses and things
- on the aeroplanes.
- 380
- 00:37:48,391 --> 00:37:52,521
- And you know that it's going
- to attack you in a moment or two.
- 381
- 00:37:56,775 --> 00:37:59,119
- You had 15 seconds of ammunition.
- 382
- 00:37:59,486 --> 00:38:01,784
- Three hundred rounds per gun.
- 383
- 00:38:02,781 --> 00:38:06,877
- Our advice was to go in head-on attack,
- and go straight through.
- 384
- 00:38:09,913 --> 00:38:11,335
- And don't hang around.
- 385
- 00:38:12,540 --> 00:38:15,885
- âCause their fighters would come
- and pick you off if they could.
- 386
- 00:38:16,711 --> 00:38:19,840
- You went straight through them,
- fired your guns,
- 387
- 00:38:19,923 --> 00:38:22,392
- closed your eyes and fired your guns.
- 388
- 00:38:23,676 --> 00:38:26,475
- Then, providing
- you weren't hit by return fire,
- 389
- 00:38:26,554 --> 00:38:27,897
- you were through the other side.
- 390
- 00:38:27,972 --> 00:38:29,349
- In seconds, in seconds.
- 391
- 00:38:29,432 --> 00:38:30,854
- Phew, got away with that.
- 392
- 00:38:30,934 --> 00:38:35,360
- Yeah.
- 393
- 00:38:45,198 --> 00:38:50,750
- You got 109s, Spitfires
- and Hurricanes screaming round.
- 394
- 00:38:50,829 --> 00:38:52,456
- You wouldn't know who was who
- half the time.
- 395
- 00:38:54,207 --> 00:38:57,256
- We were up here in the Spitfires.
- 396
- 00:38:57,335 --> 00:38:59,588
- But you could see
- what the Hurricanes were doing.
- 397
- 00:39:00,213 --> 00:39:05,811
- I can remember three Hurricanes
- diving in to 500 Heinkels.
- 399
- 00:39:07,178 --> 00:39:09,180
- And the Heinkels scattering.
- 400
- 00:39:14,602 --> 00:39:17,981
- You see the enemy,
- you're within feet of them.
- 401
- 00:39:18,815 --> 00:39:20,692
- Close enough to touch.
- 402
- 00:39:20,775 --> 00:39:23,619
- I remember firing at an aircraft
- directly in front of me
- 403
- 00:39:24,571 --> 00:39:28,701
- Two people came out so close with
- their parachutes still undeveloped.
- 404
- 00:39:28,741 --> 00:39:31,290
- They came straight at me,
- and I thought he was going to hit me.
- 405
- 00:39:34,289 --> 00:39:35,836
- 406
- 00:39:42,130 --> 00:39:44,508
- There was this bang.
- 407
- 00:39:44,591 --> 00:39:48,061
- I suddenly realised
- it was a 109 right behind me.
- 408
- 00:39:48,136 --> 00:39:50,810
- He had his goggles down
- and I could see his head.
- 409
- 00:39:50,889 --> 00:39:54,314
- Oh, yeah, he was close.
- He was real close.
- 410
- 00:39:54,893 --> 00:39:57,646
- And I looked up
- and I could see him looking at me.
- 411
- 00:40:01,649 --> 00:40:03,902
- You learnt the hard way.
- 413
- 00:40:06,654 --> 00:40:10,454
- Once you saw flames,
- you didn't stop on board an aircraft.
- 414
- 00:40:10,533 --> 00:40:12,786
- It could easily just blow like that.
- 415
- 00:40:13,369 --> 00:40:15,622
- And it wouldn't give you a chance
- to get out.
- 416
- 00:40:15,705 --> 00:40:19,630
- Release that pin and out you came,
- like a cork out of a bottle.
- 417
- 00:40:23,004 --> 00:40:27,510
- I remember landing by parachute
- in the guards depot at Caterham.
- 418
- 00:40:27,592 --> 00:40:31,813
- They took me to the colonel, who very
- quickly opened a bottle of whisky.
- 419
- 00:40:31,888 --> 00:40:35,392
- "Have a sip!"
- 420
- 00:40:47,362 --> 00:40:50,491
- I saw the Stukas.
- 421
- 00:40:51,449 --> 00:40:54,544
- Once they'd finished their dive,
- they didn't climb up again.
- 422
- 00:40:54,619 --> 00:40:57,964
- They stayed low
- and headed out towards France.
- 423
- 00:40:58,414 --> 00:41:04,262
- And, so... it made it easy for us.
- 424
- 00:41:08,508 --> 00:41:10,101
- In recent operations,
- 425
- 00:41:10,176 --> 00:41:14,147
- RAF automatic cameras, taking film
- of the small home-movie type,
- 426
- 00:41:14,180 --> 00:41:16,649
- were attached
- to Hurricanes and Spitfires.
- 427
- 00:41:16,724 --> 00:41:18,852
- Built for the job,
- the camera fits into the wing.
- 428
- 00:41:19,394 --> 00:41:22,773
- It automatically takes pictures
- when the pilot fires his machine gun
- 429
- 00:41:22,855 --> 00:41:24,402
- and stops when the gun stops.
- 430
- 00:41:27,944 --> 00:41:32,290
- attacked one of them,
- I think, and it was shot down.
- I
- 431
- 00:41:34,909 --> 00:41:37,628
- The other one went into the sea.
- 432
- 00:41:41,040 --> 00:41:43,088
- You don't have any feelings about it.
- 433
- 00:41:44,168 --> 00:41:47,843
- All you think about is trying to get
- a decent shot at it.
- 434
- 00:41:52,176 --> 00:41:55,771
- I can't help it, but I did enjoy it.
- 435
- 00:41:56,347 --> 00:41:58,975
- I think probably quite rightly,
- 436
- 00:41:59,058 --> 00:42:03,313
- from the human point of view I suppose
- you shouldn't say you enjoyed it,
- 437
- 00:42:03,396 --> 00:42:06,320
- when other people alongside you
- were being killed.
- 438
- 00:42:06,399 --> 00:42:12,202
- But I'm afraid I... I probably did.
- 439
- 00:42:40,391 --> 00:42:46,945
- It's extraordinarily difficult to put
- an easy story on it, it really is.
- 440
- 00:42:49,734 --> 00:42:54,661
- There certainly were times when one was
- quite frightened of what was going on.
- 441
- 00:42:59,327 --> 00:43:02,706
- We, all three, got on his tail
- 442
- 00:43:02,789 --> 00:43:06,510
- and I can remember, after firing at him,
- 443
- 00:43:06,584 --> 00:43:10,339
- he was just more or less skimming along
- in the water.
- 444
- 00:43:11,964 --> 00:43:14,968
- And although I didn't knock him
- into the sea,
- 445
- 00:43:15,051 --> 00:43:19,227
- the chap following me certainly got him
- and he burst into flames
- 446
- 00:43:19,305 --> 00:43:21,683
- and went into the sea.
- 447
- 00:43:42,120 --> 00:43:45,590
- We were told
- there were 109âs over Broadstairs.
- 448
- 00:43:46,707 --> 00:43:51,929
- And I happened to look down and I saw
- these two chaps right on the water
- 449
- 00:43:52,004 --> 00:43:54,052
- going out from the coast.
- 450
- 00:44:03,015 --> 00:44:05,768
- And we quite clinically got behind them.
- 451
- 00:44:05,852 --> 00:44:08,025
- Right on the deck, they hadn't seen us.
- 453
- 00:44:12,859 --> 00:44:14,327
- We shot them both dead.
- 454
- 00:44:19,782 --> 00:44:21,534
- Just a "born-born" .
- 455
- 00:44:28,499 --> 00:44:32,504
- You've got to remember,
- we're talking about total war.
- 456
- 00:44:34,672 --> 00:44:38,097
- And we were up against it, because
- there was nobody else helping us.
- 457
- 00:44:38,176 --> 00:44:42,852
- All the Continent had fallen down
- and it was us against this monster.
- 458
- 00:44:59,739 --> 00:45:02,583
- By the end of August 1940,
- 459
- 00:45:02,658 --> 00:45:05,958
- the Luftwaffeâs daily assaults
- on the airfields
- 460
- 00:45:06,037 --> 00:45:09,166
- were stretching RAF resources
- to the limit.
- 461
- 00:45:10,249 --> 00:45:14,004
- Pilots and ground crews were exhausted.
- 462
- 00:45:17,340 --> 00:45:19,809
- You never thought
- you were going to be killed.
- 463
- 00:45:20,426 --> 00:45:24,351
- And it's only in retrospect,
- when you're lying in bed at night,
- 464
- 00:45:24,430 --> 00:45:28,776
- and the bed alongside you
- is suddenly empty.
- 465
- 00:45:28,851 --> 00:45:33,027
- The fact that they were killed
- 20, 30, 40 miles away
- 466
- 00:45:33,105 --> 00:45:37,861
- means that you wiped them
- from your memory.
- 467
- 00:45:41,364 --> 00:45:43,708
- You never got too close.
- 468
- 00:45:45,117 --> 00:45:47,996
- You kept yourself at a certain distance.
- 469
- 00:45:48,663 --> 00:45:54,011
- 'Cause inevitably, you would lose
- friends, there was no doubt about it.
- 470
- 00:46:00,007 --> 00:46:03,762
- The damage that was being
- done to the country was very worrying,
- 471
- 00:46:03,844 --> 00:46:06,438
- I think one was conscious of that.
- 472
- 00:46:06,973 --> 00:46:10,318
- I think in many ways
- it made one even more determined
- 473
- 00:46:10,393 --> 00:46:13,146
- to stop the German invasion.
- 475
- 00:46:15,523 --> 00:46:19,824
- On September the 7th,
- the Luftwaffe changed tactics.
- 476
- 00:46:20,486 --> 00:46:24,411
- Hitler's new target was London,
- not the airfields.
- 477
- 00:46:25,491 --> 00:46:28,415
- The Blitz would bring misery
- to Londoners.
- 478
- 00:46:29,036 --> 00:46:32,540
- But it bought valuable time for the RAF.
- 479
- 00:46:36,711 --> 00:46:39,760
- At last, the pilots could rest.
- 480
- 00:46:39,839 --> 00:46:44,140
- The runways could be repaired
- and aircraft could be serviced.
- 481
- 00:46:51,183 --> 00:46:53,686
- But the day of reckoning
- was approaching.
- 482
- 00:46:56,397 --> 00:46:58,616
- I can remember looking up
- at the sky and thinking,
- 483
- 00:46:58,691 --> 00:47:01,285
- "It's going to be a lovely day again,"
- you know. "Oh, God."
- 484
- 00:47:03,612 --> 00:47:05,205
- And I offered up a little prayer.
- 485
- 00:47:07,325 --> 00:47:08,952
- "It's going to be a very busy day,
- O Lord,
- 486
- 00:47:09,035 --> 00:47:11,208
- and if I forget you,
- don't you forget me."
- 487
- 00:47:11,996 --> 00:47:16,092
- "Give rne this day, please.
- Please, give me this day."
- 488
- 00:47:23,632 --> 00:47:26,306
- According to the German plans,
- 489
- 00:47:26,385 --> 00:47:29,013
- if things were going right for them,
- 490
- 00:47:29,096 --> 00:47:32,475
- they would invade
- on the 15th of September.
- 491
- 00:47:33,559 --> 00:47:35,607
- Der Tag. This is the day
- they were going to invade.
- 492
- 00:47:42,568 --> 00:47:44,912
- That was the day
- that Churchill came down
- 493
- 00:47:44,987 --> 00:47:47,911
- and I was actually on duty that day.
- 494
- 00:47:48,366 --> 00:47:53,088
- But we were not ever allowed to look,
- turn around and look up there at all.
- 495
- 00:47:53,162 --> 00:47:55,506
- We always had to keep our heads down
- and look at our plot.
- 496
- 00:48:01,712 --> 00:48:06,183
- In the plotting room, Churchill
- watched the enemy attacks building.
- 497
- 00:48:06,258 --> 00:48:09,387
- He asked if fighter command
- had any reserves.
- 498
- 00:48:10,054 --> 00:48:12,773
- The answer was none.
- 499
- 00:48:13,641 --> 00:48:18,647
- Two thousand people in action
- over Kent and Sussex.
- 500
- 00:48:20,940 --> 00:48:25,070
- I flew four times that day.
- 501
- 00:48:37,248 --> 00:48:40,252
- We were in a vast panorama of blue sky
- 502
- 00:48:40,334 --> 00:48:43,554
- with the green contrasting fields
- of England below.
- 503
- 00:48:43,629 --> 00:48:46,257
- And it was that that helped you.
- 504
- 00:48:48,509 --> 00:48:50,261
- I can hear him to this day,
- 505
- 00:48:50,344 --> 00:48:53,018
- the controller coming up and saying,
- 506
- 00:48:53,097 --> 00:48:56,146
- "A hundred and fifty plus
- approaching Dungeness."
- 507
- 00:48:57,226 --> 00:48:59,900
- And Brian said,
- "Tally ho, I can see them."
- 508
- 00:49:01,105 --> 00:49:02,732
- Well, I looked ahead,
- 509
- 00:49:02,815 --> 00:49:06,865
- and there was this great big cloud
- of gnats on a summer evening.
- 510
- 00:49:07,236 --> 00:49:11,491
- 109s above, Heinkelâs, and I thought,
- "Oh, gosh," you know.
- 511
- 00:49:11,574 --> 00:49:13,622
- "Where do we start on this lot?"
- 512
- 00:49:20,332 --> 00:49:25,634
- I kept a diary.
- I was not allowed to keep a diary.
- 513
- 00:49:26,422 --> 00:49:31,144
- I mean, it was
- a court-martial offence to keep a diary.
- 514
- 00:49:31,844 --> 00:49:34,188
- "We had an absolutely frantic watch."
- 515
- 00:49:34,263 --> 00:49:37,608
- "We were almost driven potty
- we were so busy."
- 516
- 00:49:37,683 --> 00:49:40,527
- "There were air raids
- all over the country."
- 517
- 00:49:40,603 --> 00:49:44,403
- "We hardly had any relief at all,
- did our best to sleep,
- 518
- 00:49:44,482 --> 00:49:46,985
- but in any case, it was rather fitful."
- 519
- 00:49:55,784 --> 00:49:57,957
- On the 15th of September,
- 520
- 00:49:58,037 --> 00:50:00,586
- enemy aircraft
- were falling like confetti
- 521
- 00:50:00,664 --> 00:50:02,917
- all over the Southern counties.
- 522
- 00:50:03,959 --> 00:50:05,552
- We were cock-aâhoop.
- 523
- 00:50:28,734 --> 00:50:32,910
- September the 15th
- marked the turning point of the battle.
- 524
- 00:50:34,240 --> 00:50:36,208
- When it ended, six weeks later,
- 525
- 00:50:36,283 --> 00:50:40,163
- it would become the first defeat
- of Hitler's forces.
- 526
- 00:50:40,955 --> 00:50:44,209
- The first victory
- in the fight for freedom.
- 527
- 00:50:48,796 --> 00:50:51,470
- I think we realised
- that we were there,
- 528
- 00:50:51,549 --> 00:50:54,143
- and we'd got a job to do,
- and we had to do it.
- 529
- 00:50:55,219 --> 00:50:56,937
- And We did it
- 530
- 00:50:57,012 --> 00:50:59,140
- to the best of our ability.
- 531
- 00:51:05,980 --> 00:51:10,486
- I always remember the elderly ladies
- in the East End of London
- 532
- 00:51:10,568 --> 00:51:13,742
- come putting their arms around you
- and giving you a kiss and saying,
- 533
- 00:51:13,821 --> 00:51:16,825
- "Keep âem away, boys, keep âem away."
- 534
- 00:51:18,242 --> 00:51:21,086
- It meant a lot to us, really, that.
- 536
- 00:51:34,758 --> 00:51:39,264
- The gratitude of every home
- in our island, in our empire,
- 537
- 00:51:39,346 --> 00:51:41,769
- and indeed throughout the world,
- 538
- 00:51:41,849 --> 00:51:44,068
- except in the abodes of the guilty,
- 539
- 00:51:44,143 --> 00:51:48,444
- goes out to the British airmen
- who, undaunted by odds,
- 540
- 00:51:48,522 --> 00:51:53,323
- unwearied in their constant challenge
- and mortal danger,
- 541
- 00:51:53,402 --> 00:51:58,624
- are turning the tide of the world war
- by their prowess and by their devotion.
- 542
- 00:52:00,618 --> 00:52:07,877
- Never in the field of human conflict
- was so much owed by so many to so few.
- 543
- 00:52:25,017 --> 00:52:27,941
- The constant drone
- of machinery in our aircraft factories
- 544
- 00:52:28,020 --> 00:52:29,442
- is the music of victory.
- 545
- 00:52:31,065 --> 00:52:32,533
- Over acres of floor space,
- 546
- 00:52:32,608 --> 00:52:35,987
- men and women are turning the money
- from the thousands of Spitfire funds
- 547
- 00:52:36,070 --> 00:52:37,572
- into machines for the RAF.
- 548
- 00:52:41,200 --> 00:52:45,706
- Despite heavy bombing, the two factories
- in Southampton and Birmingham
- 549
- 00:52:45,788 --> 00:52:49,258
- continued to build Spitfires
- in large numbers.
- 550
- 00:52:51,460 --> 00:52:54,714
- Women now played a key role
- in their manufacture,
- 551
- 00:52:54,797 --> 00:52:59,553
- and, as the Spitfire evolved,
- in their design.
- 552
- 00:53:01,220 --> 00:53:06,351
- Women were also recruited to fly them
- from the factories to the airfields.
- 553
- 00:53:06,433 --> 00:53:08,561
- These women are in the news at home
- 554
- 00:53:08,644 --> 00:53:11,523
- because they've undertaken
- a somewhat unusual war job.
- 555
- 00:53:11,605 --> 00:53:15,701
- All these women of the Air Transport
- Auxiliary are most experienced pilots,
- 556
- 00:53:15,776 --> 00:53:18,905
- each with a record of about
- a thousand flying hours to her credit.
- 557
- 00:53:20,114 --> 00:53:27,589
- In 1941, I joined
- the Air Transport Auxiliary as a pilot.
- 558
- 00:53:27,621 --> 00:53:30,875
- By carrying out this duty,
- they're relieving the pressure of work
- 559
- 00:53:30,958 --> 00:53:33,336
- that would otherwise fall to RAF pilots.
- 560
- 00:53:33,627 --> 00:53:35,880
- Oh, that was great.
- 561
- 00:53:35,963 --> 00:53:42,596
- I was with 16 other girls
- that had already joined.
- 562
- 00:53:43,220 --> 00:53:45,188
- So that was wonderful.
- 563
- 00:53:50,352 --> 00:53:54,198
- And at that time,
- I think I was one of the youngest ones,
- 564
- 00:53:54,273 --> 00:53:57,527
- and so I had to behave myself.
- 565
- 00:53:57,609 --> 00:53:59,236
- 566
- 00:54:02,406 --> 00:54:04,124
- We were all very young.
- 567
- 00:54:04,199 --> 00:54:07,920
- We weren't in the services
- so we didn't have to have our hair cut.
- 568
- 00:54:07,995 --> 00:54:11,124
- And we did look very glamorous,
- with our gold wings
- 569
- 00:54:11,206 --> 00:54:14,756
- and our gold badges of rank
- on the shoulder.
- 570
- 00:54:16,754 --> 00:54:19,598
- Whenever you went into an RAF mess,
- you know,
- 571
- 00:54:19,673 --> 00:54:22,096
- they were always anxious to talk to you.
- 572
- 00:54:22,676 --> 00:54:24,349
- It was a very glamorous life
- 573
- 00:54:24,428 --> 00:54:27,523
- and it was very difficult
- not to be spoiled, I guess.
- 574
- 00:54:29,683 --> 00:54:34,735
- Well, I did have
- lots of boyfriends.
- 575
- 00:54:34,813 --> 00:54:37,987
- It takes me back about 5O years,
- doesn't it?
- 576
- 00:54:42,404 --> 00:54:44,907
- But to keep
- the Royal Air Force on the offensive,
- 577
- 00:54:44,990 --> 00:54:46,867
- hundreds of aircraft
- must be flown each day
- 578
- 00:54:46,950 --> 00:54:49,920
- between the factories, the maintenance
- depots and the aerodromes.
- 579
- 00:54:51,079 --> 00:54:55,505
- I saw these Spitfires.
- I hadn't seen a Spitfire before.
- 580
- 00:54:55,584 --> 00:54:59,259
- I'm sure my heart was beating
- hundreds to the dozen.
- 581
- 00:55:01,673 --> 00:55:03,721
- When you actually were told
- 582
- 00:55:03,801 --> 00:55:06,054
- you're going to fly in a Spitfire,
- 583
- 00:55:06,136 --> 00:55:08,264
- I suppose it's almost breath-taking.
- 584
- 00:55:08,347 --> 00:55:12,693
- It's partly nervousness,
- "Will I do it properly?"
- 585
- 00:55:12,768 --> 00:55:16,648
- And partly elation
- that you have finally made it.
- 586
- 00:55:18,148 --> 00:55:22,198
- I got in the aircraft
- and the chappie said,
- 587
- 00:55:22,277 --> 00:55:25,372
- "How many of these
- have you flown, miss?"
- 588
- 00:55:25,447 --> 00:55:30,954
- And I said, "| haven't flown one at all
- yet, this is the first one."
- 589
- 00:55:31,036 --> 00:55:37,510
- And he promptly went...
- ...and fell off the aeroplane.
- 590
- 00:55:42,130 --> 00:55:46,556
- I was excited, and I started
- the aeroplane, taxied out.
- 591
- 00:55:48,053 --> 00:55:50,806
- Fortunately, made the perfect take-off.
- 592
- 00:55:52,808 --> 00:55:56,108
- Up in the air, I thought,
- "l'm here, I must do something."
- 593
- 00:55:56,186 --> 00:55:58,939
- So I went round and round
- and up and down.
- 594
- 00:56:06,488 --> 00:56:09,458
- It was so delightful.
- 595
- 00:56:14,580 --> 00:56:19,177
- I had a lovely time
- before I had to land it.
- 596
- 00:56:20,836 --> 00:56:23,305
- I thought, "Oh, my goodness."
- 597
- 00:56:24,381 --> 00:56:26,804
- A test pilot once said
- 598
- 00:56:26,884 --> 00:56:30,559
- that she was a lady in the air,
- but a bitch on the ground.
- 599
- 00:56:35,309 --> 00:56:40,816
- Now this was because she had a much
- narrower undercart than the Hurricane.
- 600
- 00:56:40,898 --> 00:56:44,118
- So you had to be very careful
- in landing.
- 601
- 00:56:50,741 --> 00:56:54,621
- It was quite often very dangerous.
- 602
- 00:56:56,747 --> 00:56:59,967
- We had no radio at any time.
- 603
- 00:57:00,042 --> 00:57:02,841
- No aids whatsoever.
- 604
- 00:57:04,171 --> 00:57:08,847
- In between this, there was
- the hazards of the bad weather
- 605
- 00:57:08,926 --> 00:57:11,600
- and the balloons which would pop up.
- 606
- 00:57:12,721 --> 00:57:15,520
- And people did get killed.
- 607
- 00:57:20,729 --> 00:57:24,074
- There were casualties.
- One heard of them all the time.
- 608
- 00:57:24,775 --> 00:57:28,075
- But I think
- the thought of what was happening,
- 609
- 00:57:28,153 --> 00:57:31,908
- the war as a whole,
- was always in the back of our minds.
- 610
- 00:57:32,532 --> 00:57:38,756
- There was always news coming through
- of either defeats or setbacks.
- 611
- 00:57:38,830 --> 00:57:41,549
- And it was a nice feeling,
- however modest,
- 612
- 00:57:41,625 --> 00:57:44,299
- that you were doing something
- to help the war.
- 613
- 00:57:55,430 --> 00:57:58,934
- In 1941, with Britain beyond his reach,
- 614
- 00:57:59,017 --> 00:58:02,237
- Hitler turned his attention
- to North Africa.
- 615
- 00:58:03,271 --> 00:58:08,744
- The prize was control of the
- Mediterranean and the Arabian oilï¬elds.
- 616
- 00:58:10,821 --> 00:58:15,577
- As battle raged in the desert, his
- supply lines were under constant attack
- 617
- 00:58:15,659 --> 00:58:18,629
- by British aircraft based on Malta.
- 618
- 00:58:19,705 --> 00:58:24,302
- The tiny island was subjected to
- a massive bombing campaign.
- 620
- 00:58:27,629 --> 00:58:30,883
- It had to be defended at all costs.
- 621
- 00:58:34,428 --> 00:58:37,523
- With Spitfires being held back
- in Britain,
- 622
- 00:58:37,597 --> 00:58:41,318
- Hurricanes were sent
- on aircraft carriers to do the job.
- 623
- 00:58:44,521 --> 00:58:48,947
- The young pilots would face
- a new challenge, fraught with risk.
- 624
- 00:58:51,153 --> 00:58:55,078
- None of us had taken off
- from a carrier or landed on a carrier.
- 625
- 00:58:56,324 --> 00:59:01,296
- So the day arrived,
- and we were going to fly off at dawn.
- 626
- 00:59:01,371 --> 00:59:04,966
- Now, I hated flying off at dawn.
- 627
- 00:59:05,584 --> 00:59:06,585
- I used to think,
- 628
- 00:59:06,668 --> 00:59:10,514
- "Why in God's name don't we take off
- at lunchtime after a good lunch?"
- 629
- 00:59:10,589 --> 00:59:12,216
- You always had to do it at dawn.
- 630
- 00:59:18,263 --> 00:59:23,019
- So there I was, one of 23 aircraft,
- lined up waiting to take off.
- 631
- 00:59:29,274 --> 00:59:31,447
- We were being led by a Fulmar.
- 632
- 00:59:34,321 --> 00:59:37,746
- Now if there was one thing that was
- worse than a Hurricane, it was a Fulmar.
- 633
- 00:59:38,283 --> 00:59:40,957
- It was a useless, useless aeroplane.
- 634
- 00:59:43,121 --> 00:59:47,547
- And we were going to follow the Fulmar
- all the way to Malta.
- 635
- 00:59:49,920 --> 00:59:52,264
- And everything was radio silence.
- 636
- 00:59:52,339 --> 00:59:54,683
- We weren't supposed to utter a word
- 637
- 00:59:54,758 --> 00:59:57,102
- in case we gave the whereabouts
- to the fleet.
- 638
- 00:59:58,762 --> 01:00:03,518
- And we did go for an hour, and suddenly
- the Fulmar which is leading us
- 639
- 01:00:03,600 --> 01:00:07,025
- had an engine problem
- and disappeared into cloud.
- 640
- 01:00:07,062 --> 01:00:08,735
- So I was left there.
- 641
- 01:00:09,731 --> 01:00:14,157
- I didn't have any maps.
- I didn't know where Malta was.
- 642
- 01:00:14,236 --> 01:00:17,365
- All I knew was
- I was surrounded by the enemy.
- 643
- 01:00:17,447 --> 01:00:20,667
- And I was just 20 years of age.
- 644
- 01:00:21,243 --> 01:00:23,245
- I didn't know what to do.
- 645
- 01:00:23,328 --> 01:00:28,050
- And I flew round in circles with ten
- people following me around in circles,
- 646
- 01:00:28,125 --> 01:00:32,346
- them looking at rne as a leader,
- and me not knowing what to do.
- 647
- 01:00:32,420 --> 01:00:37,551
- And I can tell you, I prayed, I prayed.
- I didn't know what to do, what to do.
- 648
- 01:00:44,266 --> 01:00:45,859
- And God answered.
- 649
- 01:00:46,560 --> 01:00:49,313
- He doesn't answer you
- with a flash of lightning,
- 650
- 01:00:49,396 --> 01:00:52,525
- he puts something in your head
- that you never thought of before.
- 651
- 01:00:53,692 --> 01:00:59,745
- And I thought, "What I'd better do now
- is fly all the way back to Gibraltar,"
- 652
- 01:00:59,781 --> 01:01:03,502
- which was 850 miles
- in the opposite direction.
- 653
- 01:01:07,205 --> 01:01:10,334
- So I set off. By the grace of God,
- 654
- 01:01:10,417 --> 01:01:13,591
- I came across the wake of the Navy
- 655
- 01:01:15,755 --> 01:01:20,977
- and found the Ark Royal
- and all the fleet, 20, 25 ships.
- 656
- 01:01:21,344 --> 01:01:23,267
- I thought
- "What are they going to do with me?"
- 657
- 01:01:26,183 --> 01:01:29,153
- "They're going to shoot at rne.
- They'll think I'm the enemy."
- 658
- 01:01:29,227 --> 01:01:32,151
- "How do I let them know
- that I'm a friend?"
- 659
- 01:01:36,943 --> 01:01:41,824
- So then they found another Fulmar,
- they scrambled it,
- 660
- 01:01:41,907 --> 01:01:46,253
- and we began to follow it again,
- 20 feet above the waves.
- 661
- 01:02:01,885 --> 01:02:04,434
- We'd been in the air several hours.
- 662
- 01:02:05,597 --> 01:02:06,598
- We had no fuel.
- 663
- 01:02:08,183 --> 01:02:09,651
- No fuel at all.
- 664
- 01:02:12,020 --> 01:02:14,318
- And Malta suddenly appeared.
- 665
- 01:02:16,358 --> 01:02:18,861
- And I remember going over the cliffs.
- 666
- 01:02:20,487 --> 01:02:25,869
- And I was approaching Luqa,
- and the airfield in front of me rose up.
- 667
- 01:02:30,288 --> 01:02:33,258
- Bomb blasts and craters.
- 668
- 01:02:33,667 --> 01:02:35,419
- All the time I'd been looking down
- 669
- 01:02:35,460 --> 01:02:37,303
- to see if I was going to land
- on the ground.
- 670
- 01:02:37,379 --> 01:02:41,304
- I looked up, and the air
- was filled with Germans.
- 671
- 01:02:41,341 --> 01:02:43,184
- About 5O or a hundred of them.
- 672
- 01:02:45,011 --> 01:02:47,935
- I said, "Sod it, no matter what I do,
- I'm going to land her."
- 673
- 01:02:48,014 --> 01:02:49,891
- So I landed between all the bomb holes.
- 674
- 01:02:54,354 --> 01:02:56,948
- And two days later...
- 675
- 01:02:57,023 --> 01:02:59,446
- 676
- 01:02:59,526 --> 01:03:03,281
- ...we heard the air-raid sirens going
- 677
- 01:03:03,363 --> 01:03:08,085
- and then these three 109s appeared
- 20 feet above the ground, firing.
- 678
- 01:03:09,160 --> 01:03:11,754
- And the bullets were going through
- the tent above my head.
- 679
- 01:03:13,832 --> 01:03:16,961
- They wrote us all off
- before we'd even taken off.
- 680
- 01:03:18,670 --> 01:03:20,718
- So we didn't have aeroplanes to fly.
- 681
- 01:03:23,425 --> 01:03:27,396
- And suddenly,
- the Spitfires arrived in March 1942,
- 682
- 01:03:27,470 --> 01:03:29,188
- by the grace of God.
- 683
- 01:03:50,243 --> 01:03:52,541
- With the fate of Malta in the balance,
- 684
- 01:03:52,620 --> 01:03:56,591
- the arrival of the Spitfires
- came just in time.
- 685
- 01:03:58,251 --> 01:04:01,175
- And that's 124 Squadron,
- the first squadron
- 686
- 01:04:01,254 --> 01:04:02,847
- that I joined.
- 687
- 01:04:02,922 --> 01:04:05,300
- In those days I was a sergeant pilot.
- 688
- 01:04:05,383 --> 01:04:10,355
- And there I am,
- one, two in from the right, there.
- 689
- 01:04:10,430 --> 01:04:13,980
- A very young 18-year-old.
- 690
- 01:04:14,851 --> 01:04:20,904
- Now, I was posted to Malta. The Eagle.
- And that's the one we flew off.
- 691
- 01:04:21,733 --> 01:04:25,988
- They took us a thousand miles
- down the Med, and we had the rest to do.
- 692
- 01:04:28,740 --> 01:04:33,587
- You just had enough fuel to make it
- comfortable to get into Malta.
- 693
- 01:04:38,708 --> 01:04:42,463
- It was just a matter of getting in
- as well as you could,
- 694
- 01:04:42,545 --> 01:04:45,924
- missing the potholes
- and getting into a pen.
- 695
- 01:04:48,093 --> 01:04:52,189
- Within minutes,
- my Spitfire was being refuelled
- 696
- 01:04:52,263 --> 01:04:58,691
- by swarms of airmen passing petrol cans
- to one another to fill it up.
- 697
- 01:04:59,354 --> 01:05:04,076
- Amazing. I mean, you'd only just arrived
- there and your Spit was ready to fly.
- 698
- 01:05:05,276 --> 01:05:06,869
- Welcome to Malta.
- 699
- 01:05:15,578 --> 01:05:18,252
- Our job was to get the bombers,
- not the fighters.
- 700
- 01:05:23,086 --> 01:05:25,805
- We had to get as much height as we could
- 701
- 01:05:25,880 --> 01:05:28,303
- because then you had
- the advantage of coming down.
- 702
- 01:05:30,468 --> 01:05:34,018
- You didn't aim to get into a dogfight
- with Messerschmitts
- 703
- 01:05:34,097 --> 01:05:37,522
- because we were too short of Spitfires
- to lose one.
- 704
- 01:05:38,518 --> 01:05:39,644
- Hit the bomber.
- 705
- 01:05:39,727 --> 01:05:44,984
- 706
- 01:05:45,066 --> 01:05:46,693
- Make sure that they'd clobbered him
- 707
- 01:05:48,319 --> 01:05:52,369
- and then spiral down to the sea
- and try and escape.
- 708
- 01:05:54,492 --> 01:05:58,167
- But Messerschmittâs soon cottoned on
- to this and they followed down.
- 709
- 01:06:01,583 --> 01:06:04,587
- So we ended up with a dogfight anyway,
- at sea level.
- 710
- 01:06:04,669 --> 01:06:05,761
- Fighting for my life.
- 711
- 01:06:08,173 --> 01:06:14,351
- When two of them attack you,
- you get your sights on one, quickly,
- 712
- 01:06:14,971 --> 01:06:18,646
- and keep your eye on the other one
- coming down behind you.
- 713
- 01:06:18,725 --> 01:06:20,898
- - You get a quick squirt.
- 714
- 01:06:21,936 --> 01:06:25,941
- And then always your eyes are flicking
- towards number two coming down.
- 715
- 01:06:27,567 --> 01:06:30,411
- You've got to outwit him,
- you've got to out-fly him.
- 716
- 01:06:32,739 --> 01:06:34,867
- You sweat profusely.
- 717
- 01:06:35,158 --> 01:06:39,334
- You're not sweating because you're hot,
- you're sweating fear.
- 718
- 01:06:42,540 --> 01:06:44,508
- And it trickles down your forehead
- 719
- 01:06:44,542 --> 01:06:48,672
- and then from the eyes, it trickles down
- into the mouth, and it's salty.
- 720
- 01:06:49,547 --> 01:06:53,268
- That's fear. It's a salty taste.
- 721
- 01:07:06,648 --> 01:07:08,867
- You always put these swastikas in.
- 722
- 01:07:08,900 --> 01:07:12,029
- That was the first one in Malta
- that I got.
- 723
- 01:07:12,820 --> 01:07:16,450
- And that was the three
- in one fight, here.
- 724
- 01:07:18,201 --> 01:07:19,999
- I think six of us claimed that one.
- 725
- 01:07:20,870 --> 01:07:24,215
- It shows you the actual
- Junkers 88 down there.
- 726
- 01:07:24,290 --> 01:07:25,837
- The poor old pilot was there.
- 727
- 01:07:27,502 --> 01:07:33,430
- You become an ace when you shot
- five or more aircraft down.
- 728
- 01:07:33,508 --> 01:07:35,602
- And funnily enough,
- it's rather strange, that,
- 729
- 01:07:35,677 --> 01:07:42,151
- but I am the last surviving ace
- from Malta living today, the last one.
- 730
- 01:07:42,225 --> 01:07:43,522
- Isn't that amazing?
- 731
- 01:07:54,070 --> 01:07:56,493
- The Spitfires have done the job.
- 732
- 01:07:57,156 --> 01:08:01,036
- By November 1942, the island was safe.
- 733
- 01:08:04,330 --> 01:08:06,924
- The tide of the war was turning.
- 734
- 01:08:07,000 --> 01:08:11,847
- The United States and the Soviet Union
- were now fighting on the Allied side.
- 735
- 01:08:14,048 --> 01:08:16,096
- With the constant need for pilots,
- 736
- 01:08:16,175 --> 01:08:20,351
- the RAF became a truly multinational
- fighting force.
- 737
- 01:08:21,723 --> 01:08:26,399
- They came from all over the world and
- from the conquered countries of Europe.
- 738
- 01:08:27,478 --> 01:08:30,778
- And they all wanted to fly Spitfires.
- 739
- 01:08:32,150 --> 01:08:36,246
- I remember
- first flight from the Polish wing.
- 740
- 01:08:36,321 --> 01:08:40,371
- Three squadrons of Spitfires
- over France.
- 741
- 01:08:43,661 --> 01:08:48,792
- The object was to throw the gauntlet:
- come and fight!
- 742
- 01:08:48,875 --> 01:08:50,843
- And by gum, they did.
- 743
- 01:09:05,350 --> 01:09:09,730
- A lot of blood was spilt over France.
- 744
- 01:09:09,812 --> 01:09:11,985
- Ours and theirs.
- 745
- 01:09:12,065 --> 01:09:14,568
- It was hard fight all the time.
- 746
- 01:09:17,612 --> 01:09:20,081
- We had Spitfire Vs
- 747
- 01:09:20,156 --> 01:09:24,502
- and suddenly a new enemy aircraft
- arrived on the scene
- 748
- 01:09:24,577 --> 01:09:26,875
- called a Focke-Wulf 190.
- 749
- 01:09:26,954 --> 01:09:29,127
- And it made rings around us.
- 750
- 01:09:33,544 --> 01:09:36,764
- They would come up above and then just
- dive straight down, pick somebody off.
- 751
- 01:09:36,839 --> 01:09:40,184
- We'd lost...
- Oh, we lost several pilots.
- 752
- 01:09:41,135 --> 01:09:43,229
- So that wasn't a very happy time.
- 753
- 01:09:48,393 --> 01:09:50,316
- Very interesting indeed.
- 754
- 01:09:50,395 --> 01:09:54,241
- Something we've been wanting to examine
- for some time: the Focke-Wulf 190.
- 755
- 01:09:55,024 --> 01:09:57,652
- The RAF forced it down
- on the south coast of England,
- 756
- 01:09:57,735 --> 01:10:01,330
- where an armed patrol promptly grabbed
- the pilot before he could do any damage.
- 757
- 01:10:01,406 --> 01:10:03,249
- Now it's in the RAF.
- 758
- 01:10:04,367 --> 01:10:07,917
- The 190 was a very potent aeroplane.
- 759
- 01:10:07,995 --> 01:10:09,497
- So we had to respond.
- 760
- 01:10:11,499 --> 01:10:15,504
- The Spitfire loaned itself
- to development.
- 761
- 01:10:15,586 --> 01:10:17,805
- And almost overnight,
- 762
- 01:10:17,880 --> 01:10:22,636
- Rolls-Royce took the engine out, stuck
- a great big blower on the back of it.
- 763
- 01:10:22,719 --> 01:10:25,643
- And there was a difference
- in performance. Incredible.
- 764
- 01:10:26,055 --> 01:10:28,979
- 765
- 01:10:37,859 --> 01:10:42,035
- Spitfire IX
- was a really very, very good machine.
- 766
- 01:10:42,113 --> 01:10:45,117
- It's got a lot of power.
- And that's what was needed.
- 767
- 01:11:13,853 --> 01:11:16,777
- When you got
- to a height of about 10,000 feet,
- 768
- 01:11:16,856 --> 01:11:20,611
- it would suddenly whoosh
- and the supercharger came in,
- 769
- 01:11:20,693 --> 01:11:23,537
- which gave us an extra bit of life
- to go higher.
- 770
- 01:11:24,989 --> 01:11:31,338
- And after that, the FW190s,
- they were no fear for us.
- 772
- 01:11:33,164 --> 01:11:34,541
- Any time we met them...
- 773
- 01:11:34,624 --> 01:11:36,092
- 774
- 01:11:36,167 --> 01:11:37,794
- ...we got the better of it.
- 775
- 01:11:46,761 --> 01:11:51,141
- The new Spitfire
- had helped to secure aerial supremacy.
- 776
- 01:11:52,517 --> 01:11:55,737
- The liberation of Europe
- could now begin.
- 777
- 01:12:04,737 --> 01:12:07,957
- In 1944, we were stationed
- 778
- 01:12:08,032 --> 01:12:11,662
- down at Bognor Regis
- for the forthcoming invasion.
- 779
- 01:12:14,038 --> 01:12:17,042
- We saw them
- painting black and white strips
- 780
- 01:12:17,124 --> 01:12:20,628
- under the wings of our planes
- for identification,
- 781
- 01:12:20,711 --> 01:12:22,713
- and we knew what that must mean.
- 782
- 01:12:23,422 --> 01:12:26,767
- But we still didn't know
- where or when we were going.
- 783
- 01:12:28,761 --> 01:12:34,359
- And on the evening of the 5th of June,
- 784
- 01:12:34,433 --> 01:12:37,778
- we were all called over to a briefing.
- 785
- 01:12:37,854 --> 01:12:43,111
- When we got into the tent there,
- we saw a big map of Normandy.
- 786
- 01:12:43,192 --> 01:12:47,823
- And that was our first knowledge that
- that was where it was going to be.
- 787
- 01:12:49,240 --> 01:12:53,666
- And, of course, this was June
- when dawn came early
- 788
- 01:12:53,744 --> 01:12:55,963
- and we didn't get any sleep.
- 789
- 01:12:56,038 --> 01:13:02,262
- But I do remember that we were all
- sitting round in little groups talking.
- 790
- 01:13:02,336 --> 01:13:06,512
- Because we knew that this was going
- to be the biggest day of our lives.
- 791
- 01:13:12,346 --> 01:13:15,020
- Four years ago, Europe was Hitler's.
- 792
- 01:13:15,099 --> 01:13:17,022
- The lights of freedom went out.
- 793
- 01:13:17,059 --> 01:13:20,654
- Now the world of free men
- strikes in all its assembled might
- 794
- 01:13:20,730 --> 01:13:23,108
- at the weakening chains of bondage.
- 795
- 01:13:23,900 --> 01:13:26,699
- Here are the first pictures
- of the opening of the second front;
- 796
- 01:13:26,777 --> 01:13:30,327
- pictures which security demands
- should be meagre at this stage,
- 797
- 01:13:30,406 --> 01:13:33,660
- yet thrilling because they carry
- the first flush of excitement
- 798
- 01:13:33,743 --> 01:13:36,417
- as the mammoth task gets underway.
- 799
- 01:13:51,636 --> 01:13:55,391
- We could see the landing
- craft running up on the beaches.
- 800
- 01:13:56,098 --> 01:13:58,396
- It must have been absolute hell,
- you know.
- 801
- 01:13:58,768 --> 01:14:01,738
- We were completely detached from it.
- 802
- 01:14:03,898 --> 01:14:08,153
- On D-Day, I went over there three times.
- 803
- 01:14:08,235 --> 01:14:11,239
- It was quiet all the time.
- 804
- 01:14:14,867 --> 01:14:17,586
- We never saw the German air force.
- 805
- 01:14:18,996 --> 01:14:21,374
- Quite honestly, if they had turned up,
- 806
- 01:14:21,457 --> 01:14:23,880
- they would have had
- a very, very hard time
- 807
- 01:14:23,960 --> 01:14:29,012
- because not only the RAF, but all the
- American fighters were up there as well.
- 808
- 01:14:30,383 --> 01:14:31,805
- Very, very successful actually,
- 809
- 01:14:31,884 --> 01:14:37,641
- because the whole of northern France
- air was covered with fighters.
- 810
- 01:14:40,851 --> 01:14:42,774
- While civilian Britain sleeps,
- 811
- 01:14:42,853 --> 01:14:44,947
- history's greatest story
- is being written.
- 812
- 01:14:44,981 --> 01:14:48,281
- Between midnight and breakfast,
- the D-Day plan is launched.
- 813
- 01:14:48,359 --> 01:14:51,829
- And when the news breaks,
- the people at home rush to buy it.
- 814
- 01:14:51,904 --> 01:14:54,953
- Eagerly, they absorb every line
- of the rationed information
- 815
- 01:14:55,032 --> 01:14:56,033
- as it comes to hand.
- 816
- 01:14:56,117 --> 01:14:59,667
- The news is good,
- far better than they'd dared to hope.
- 817
- 01:14:59,745 --> 01:15:02,339
- Bridgeheads are won,
- we penetrate inland.
- 818
- 01:15:02,415 --> 01:15:07,091
- Airstrips are under construction and,
- best of all, casualties amazingly light.
- 819
- 01:15:15,302 --> 01:15:17,680
- We used to escort bombers.
- 820
- 01:15:19,348 --> 01:15:23,979
- And they were dropping bombs on woods.
- And we never knew why.
- 821
- 01:15:26,981 --> 01:15:31,111
- We did know that the Germans had
- some sort of a secret weapon coming.
- 822
- 01:15:40,161 --> 01:15:41
- Doodlebugs
- 823
- 01:15:42,663 --> 01:15:46,088
- They were pretty fast,
- they were over 400 mph they travelled.
- 824
- 01:15:48,252 --> 01:15:54,760
- I chased one once, across the Channel,
- but it was too fast for me.
- 826
- 01:15:56,427 --> 01:16:02,685
- The jet-propelled V-1 was taking warfare
- in a new and frightening direction.
- 828
- 01:16:10,858 --> 01:16:12,860
- The country needed an answer.
- 829
- 01:16:14,403 --> 01:16:17,907
- And once again, it was the Spitfire.
- 830
- 01:16:19,241 --> 01:16:20,618
- Mark XIV.
- 831
- 01:16:22,161 --> 01:16:25,256
- She's slightly larger and even faster
- than her predecessors
- 832
- 01:16:25,331 --> 01:16:28,756
- and was designed to meet
- the constant demand for more speed.
- 833
- 01:16:30,419 --> 01:16:34,549
- The wings are clipped to give
- better manoeuvrability at low altitudes.
- 834
- 01:16:44,308 --> 01:16:48,529
- A completely redesigned fin and rudder
- was essential for the Mark XIV
- 835
- 01:16:48,604 --> 01:16:51,574
- and an even more powerful
- Rolls-Griffon engine.
- 836
- 01:16:56,654 --> 01:16:59,578
- To accommodate this new engine,
- the nose was lengthened again
- 837
- 01:16:59,657 --> 01:17:01,830
- and a bigger spinner was needed.
- 838
- 01:17:16,799 --> 01:17:19,518
- Spit XIV was a Griffon engine.
- 839
- 01:17:19,593 --> 01:17:20,970
- It was no slouch.
- 840
- 01:17:21,804 --> 01:17:25,684
- The acceleration was something
- like I'd never experienced before.
- 841
- 01:17:26,308 --> 01:17:27,730
- That was a real Spitfire.
- 842
- 01:17:47,204 --> 01:17:49,957
- A Spitfire pilot
- gets in a successful burst.
- 844
- 01:18:21,280 --> 01:18:25,285
- The Spitfire was built as an interceptor fighter.
- 845
- 01:18:28,120 --> 01:18:31,374
- Get up there, have a go, come down,
- refuel, up. That sort of thing.
- 846
- 01:18:36,086 --> 01:18:39,556
- But it went on to be developed
- into 24 marks,
- 847
- 01:18:42,176 --> 01:18:45,350
- with a speed over the initial one
- of over 100 mph,
- 848
- 01:18:45,429 --> 01:18:48,979
- carrying twice or three times
- the weapon load.
- 849
- 01:18:51,602 --> 01:18:53,980
- It was a design which was brilliant.
- 850
- 01:18:57,358 --> 01:19:01,909
- By the end of the war
- in 1945, I flew pretty well all of them.
- 851
- 01:19:01,987 --> 01:19:03,580
- All 24 marks.
- 852
- 01:19:04,448 --> 01:19:06,701
- We used to appeal to Supermarine.
- We used to say,
- 853
- 01:19:06,784 --> 01:19:09,833
- "For God's sake,
- try and design something else."
- 854
- 01:19:15,876 --> 01:19:18,004
- You got to the stage
- where the engine was so powerful,
- 855
- 01:19:18,087 --> 01:19:20,306
- that the aircraft was turning
- around the propeller,
- 856
- 01:19:20,381 --> 01:19:22,304
- rather than the propeller
- around the aircraft.
- 857
- 01:19:26,887 --> 01:19:29,891
- It had had two-bladed propeller,
- three-bladed, four-bladed,
- 858
- 01:19:29,974 --> 01:19:32,193
- five-bladed, six-bladed propeller.
- 859
- 01:19:32,268 --> 01:19:34,487
- It had outlived its life.
- 860
- 01:19:44,113 --> 01:19:47,538
- Twenty-two thousand Spitfires were built
- 861
- 01:19:47,616 --> 01:19:50,870
- before the jet engine
- brought its life to an end.
- 862
- 01:19:56,041 --> 01:20:02,424
- But 75 years after the end of the war,
- over 50 of these planes still fly.
- 863
- 01:20:03,590 --> 01:20:07,390
- And more are being returned to the air
- every year.
- 864
- 01:20:07,469 --> 01:20:09,722
- Well, it's the extraordinary thing
- 865
- 01:20:09,805 --> 01:20:11,807
- about public opinion, isn't it?
- 866
- 01:20:12,266 --> 01:20:14,519
- It does funny things.
- 867
- 01:20:16,895 --> 01:20:21,776
- I mean, the Spitfire did fly
- all the way through the war,
- 868
- 01:20:24,320 --> 01:20:28,450
- and a lot of people
- like to see them nowadays.
- 869
- 01:20:29,408 --> 01:20:30,830
- They're so precious.
- 870
- 01:20:34,663 --> 01:20:39,009
- It brings back all sorts of memories.
- All sorts.
- 871
- 01:20:44,631 --> 01:20:50,809
- I am amazed to this day
- at the reputation that the Spitfire has.
- 872
- 01:20:51,138 --> 01:20:53,812
- And especially the pilots.
- 873
- 01:20:53,891 --> 01:20:58,317
- Amazing how people
- have got onto this Spitfire business.
- 874
- 01:21:11,825 --> 01:21:16,126
- The fact that people revel in the Spitfire
- 875
- 01:21:16,205 --> 01:21:22,178
- and the iconic feel it has,
- I can't really explain it.
- 876
- 01:21:24,046 --> 01:21:26,765
- There are some who would
- rather have a flight in a Spitfire
- 877
- 01:21:26,840 --> 01:21:31,095
- than spend their pension money
- on a Jag or something, I think.
- 878
- 01:21:32,054 --> 01:21:33,727
- That must tell you something.
- 879
- 01:21:38,185 --> 01:21:42,656
- But the aura surrounding the Spitfire
- 880
- 01:21:42,731 --> 01:21:46,781
- is more a post-war phenomenon
- than a wartime thing.
- 881
- 01:21:47,986 --> 01:21:51,160
- It was just an instrument of war then.
- 882
- 01:22:39,329 --> 01:22:43,050
- I don't know why human nature is such
- 883
- 01:22:43,125 --> 01:22:46,425
- that we have to fight each other
- and destroy each other.
- 884
- 01:22:50,257 --> 01:22:53,386
- Well, it was something
- which I was asked to do.
- 885
- 01:22:54,470 --> 01:22:56,893
- And I did.
- 886
- 01:23:00,517 --> 01:23:02,235
- But life's very strange.
- 887
- 01:23:02,311 --> 01:23:07,784
- One gets tested and checked
- and things like that.
- 888
- 01:23:11,778 --> 01:23:17,456
- You've got to try and live a life where
- you try and not upset other people.
- 889
- 01:23:24,875 --> 01:23:28,470
- I don't know whether
- it's a good thing or a bad thing,
- 890
- 01:23:28,545 --> 01:23:32,721
- but I don't know
- whether we should forget it.
- 891
- 01:23:33,258 --> 01:23:36,808
- But we've got to always remember
- those who didn't come back.
- 892
- 01:23:37,137 --> 01:23:39,231
- You've always got to remember them.
- 893
- 01:23:51,193 --> 01:23:54,037
- At the time,
- one didn't think anything of it at all.
- 894
- 01:23:56,740 --> 01:23:59,243
- I'm very proud to have taken part in it.
- 895
- 01:24:02,037 --> 01:24:04,916
- I think all those who took part are.
- 896
- 01:24:04,998 --> 01:24:11,802
- I think the chaps who are still alive,
- I think they have a certain pride in it.
- 897
- 01:24:13,340 --> 01:24:16,014
- There aren't many of us left alive,
- you know.
- 898
- 01:24:17,427 --> 01:24:19,521
- I'm not getting any younger.
- 899
- 01:24:20,889 --> 01:24:25,395
- I suppose in another five years,
- I doubt if there'll be any of us.
- 900
- 01:24:34,236 --> 01:24:36,705
- It never goes away.
- 901
- 01:24:37,155 --> 01:24:42,127
- It never goes away,
- this threat of warfare.
- 902
- 01:24:43,203 --> 01:24:46,548
- The generation before us
- had been through a war.
- 903
- 01:24:47,499 --> 01:24:51,299
- The generations after us
- have been through wars.
- 904
- 01:24:52,754 --> 01:24:55,132
- In all conscience,
- 905
- 01:24:55,215 --> 01:25:01,018
- the world needs a change
- from all this hostility and warfare.
- 906
- 01:25:01,847 --> 01:25:04,475
- The world needs a change.
- 907
- 01:25:15,527 --> 01:25:17,245
- It's not about medals.
- 908
- 01:25:19,781 --> 01:25:22,125
- It's not about who shot down what.
- 909
- 01:25:22,659 --> 01:25:24,787
- It's not about the thank yous.
- 910
- 01:25:25,662 --> 01:25:27,460
- But it is nice to be remembered
- 911
- 01:25:27,539 --> 01:25:31,214
- because being remembered
- covers everybody
- 912
- 01:25:31,293 --> 01:25:36,220
- who served, flew and fought in the war.
- 913
- 01:26:01,448 --> 01:26:06,545
- She's original,98 percent of her.
- 914
- 01:26:06,620 --> 01:26:12,047
- All the skin panels and all
- the inner parts, they are original 1944.
- 915
- 01:26:12,793 --> 01:26:15,421
- The reason for it is that
- she never saw combat.
- 916
- 01:26:17,547 --> 01:26:22,178
- She was actually delivered
- from the factory by Mary Ellis
- 917
- 01:26:22,260 --> 01:26:26,265
- who was one of these ATA girls,
- the Air Transport Auxiliaries.
- 918
- 01:26:27,182 --> 01:26:30,152
- Mary Ellis was a slip of a girl,
- but I know
- 919
- 01:26:30,227 --> 01:26:37,736
- that she flew 1,000 aircraft during
- the war, of which 400 were Spitfires.
- 920
- 01:26:37,818 --> 01:26:42,073
- And for some reason,
- she decided, on a whim,
- 921
- 01:26:42,155 --> 01:26:46,661
- to sign her name
- on this aeroplane in 1944,
- 922
- 01:26:47,536 --> 01:26:50,415
- which was then Mary Wilkins.
- 923
- 01:26:50,497 --> 01:26:54,047
- And you can still see the signature,
- very faded,
- 924
- 01:26:54,126 --> 01:26:58,802
- "Mary Wilkins, ATA
- for Air Transport Auxiliary".
- 925
- 01:26:58,880 --> 01:27:01,679
- But the most wonderful thing
- is that she is still alive
- 926
- 01:27:01,758 --> 01:27:06,810
- and she's going to be 100
- in two or three monthsâ time.
- 927
- 01:27:17,858 --> 01:27:24,867
- This wonderful Spitfire that I flew in 1944
- 928
- 01:27:24,948 --> 01:27:31,297
- on a delivery flight from the factory
- is coming in this afternoon.
- 929
- 01:27:31,371 --> 01:27:33,089
- I can't wait.
- 930
- 01:27:46,720 --> 01:27:47,721
- Here he is.
- 931
- 01:27:49,431 --> 01:27:52,480
- Wow!
- 932
- 01:27:54,478 --> 01:27:56,355
- Oh, how lovely.
- 933
- 01:27:57,647 --> 01:27:59,069
- How very super.
- 934
- 01:27:59,149 --> 01:28:00,651
- 935
- 01:28:04,196 --> 01:28:09,669
- It seems so small now,
- doesn't it, the Spitfire?
- 936
- 937
- 01:28:20,212 --> 01:28:21,213
- Fantastic.
- 938
- 01:28:27,677 --> 01:28:30,021
- - Oh, so great!
- - Dear Mary.
- 939
- 01:28:30,096 --> 01:28:34,146
- - It is so great.
- - So good to see you.
- 940
- 01:28:34,851 --> 01:28:37,070
- - How are you?
- - I'm very well, thank you.
- 941
- 01:28:37,145 --> 01:28:40,115
- - Always excited about this one?
- - Yes, of course.
- 942
- 01:28:40,190 --> 01:28:43,694
- I flew about 1,000 aeroplanes
- during the war.
- 943
- 01:28:43,777 --> 01:28:47,623
- - Yes.
- - That's the only one I signed.
- 944
- 01:28:47,948 --> 01:28:49,621
- - The only one.
- - That's magical.
- 945
- 01:28:49,699 --> 01:28:51,292
- It's fabulous.
- 946
- 01:28:51,368 --> 01:28:56,215
- And what came over you,
- that you decided to sign this one?
- 947
- 01:28:56,540 --> 01:29:00,511
- - I suppose it was a romantic mood.
- 948
- 01:29:02,087 --> 01:29:08,515
- Thinking that some handsome RAF chap
- might be fighting, you know,
- 949
- 01:29:08,593 --> 01:29:11,972
- and suddenly see my name and contact me.
- 950
- 01:29:12,055 --> 01:29:13,932
- - And look you up.
- - It never happened.
- 951
- 01:29:14,015 --> 01:29:16,234
- - It never happened?
- - No, until now.
- 953
- 01:29:17,769 --> 01:29:20,943
- Don't tell your wife I said that.
- 954
- 01:29:20,981 --> 01:29:24,235
- I won't.
- This is between us and all the cameras.
- 955
- 01:29:24,317 --> 01:29:25,864
- - Yes.
- - Yes.
- 956
- 01:29:25,902 --> 01:29:29,782
- Would you mind stepping inside again
- 957
- 01:29:29,865 --> 01:29:33,165
- and signing the aeroplane again
- for this day?
- 958
- 01:29:38,999 --> 01:29:40,922
- - ls that all right?
- - That's right.
- 959
- 01:29:41,001 --> 01:29:46,883
- Thank you for allowing me
- to write on your aeroplane.
- 960
- 01:29:46,965 --> 01:29:48,888
- Delighted and honoured.
- 961
- 01:29:55,807 --> 01:29:58,936
- When I was a child, I read about Spitfires
- 962
- 01:29:59,019 --> 01:30:00,521
- and the Battle of Britain.
- 963
- 01:30:02,105 --> 01:30:04,824
- This aeroplane stands for so much.
- 964
- 01:30:04,900 --> 01:30:06,777
- Grace and gallantry.
- 965
- 01:30:16,411 --> 01:30:18,584
- She's a symbol of freedom.
- 966
- 01:30:21,207 --> 01:30:24,177
- Here he comes. Here he is.
- 967
- 01:32:37,427 --> 01:32:39,771
- Subtitles: BTI Studios
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