printInteger(int number){
  print('The no. is $number');
}

bool isHot(a,hotModel){

  var i = 0;
  var f = true;
  while(i <= hotModel.length){
    if(hotModel[i] != a)
      f = false;
    else
      {
        f = true;
        break;
      }

    i = i + 1;
  }

  return f;

}


main(){

/*
    Variables
    A variable in Dart stores references to a object.
    e.g. var name = "Ameya";
    here var named name is a reference to a String object and the values stored is "Ameya"

    Another way of writing the abovementioned line of code is by explicitly referring the variable name by its Object name as:
    String name = "Ameya";

    Uninitialized variables have a default value of null;

    If an object is not specified to a fixed data type declare it as dynamic.
    dynamic name = "Ameya";
 */

 var number = 12;

 /* Data Types in Dart
    1. numbers
     int: -2^63 to 2^63-1 on dart vm.
     double: 64bit double-precision floating point no., as specified by the IEEE 754 standard.

     methods like abs(), floor(), etc. from dart:math library can be used.
*/
     //conversions--> String -> int

var one = int.parse('1');
assert(one == 1);
/*
  Assert
  Form: assert(condition, optionalMsg);
  The 1rst arg in assert can be any expression which evaluates to a boolean value.
  If the expression evals to a true value the assertion succeds and continues else it throws an exception.
  Production code ignores assert, it is run in debug mode.

  If you never intend to change the value of a variable declare it as final or constant.

 */

 //String -> double
var onePointOne = double.parse('1.1');
assert(onePointOne == 1.1);

 //int -> String
String oneAsString = 1.toString();
assert(oneAsString == '1');

//double -> String
String piAsString = 3.14159.toStringAsFixed(2);
assert(piAsString == '3.14');
/*
     2. strings
     A Dart string is a sequence of UTF-16 code units. Single/Double quotes are used to create a string.*/
     //some special cases-->
      print('Let\'s escape the string delimiter!!');
    //multiline string.
      print('''
        Mary had a little lamb,
        little lamb,
        little lamb....
      '''
      );
  /*
     3. booleans
    4. list 5. sets 6. maps 7. runes(for expressing unicode chars in strings)
    5. symbols
    Because every variable in Dart refers to an object, constructors can be used to initialize variables.

 * */
 printInteger(number);

 //Spread operator
  var a = ["apple","mango","banana"];
  var b = ["strawberries", ...a];
  print(b[0].split('a'));

    //Higher Order Array Methods:
  b.forEach((item) => print("${b.indexOf(item) + 1} : $item"));

  //var mapped = b.map((item) => return item.t);

  print(mapped);
  //Null Aware spread operator
  var c;
  var d = ["Happy","Sporer",...?c];
  print(d.length);

  //collection if
  //collection for:
  c = [1,2,3];
  d = ["0",for(var i in c) i.toString()];
  print(d);
  print(d.runtimeType);

  /*Set
    A Set is an unordered collection of unique objects of the same data type

    An empty can be declared by:
    var s = <int>{};
    or by
    Set<int> s = {};
   */

  Set<String> friends = {"Ameya","Rachit","Z"};

  //add an element using a add() method, add a set to a set by the addAll() method.
  //Like the List it supports the collection operators and spread operators.

  /*Map
    A Map is an object that associates keys with values.
    The key and values can be any type of Objects. 2 or more key's can hold the same value, but not vice-versa.
   */
  var hotModels = {
    1 : 'Kylie Jenner',
    2 : 'Kim Kardasian',
    3 : 'Khloe Kardasian',
    4 : 'Gigi Hadid',
    5 : 'Kendall Jenner',
    6 : 'Olivia Culpo'
  };

  //Like the List it supports the collection operators and spread operators.
  /* Functions
      Functions are also objects. This means functions can be assigned to variables and functions can be passsed as parameters to other functions.

   */

  print(isHot("Olivia Culpo", hotModels));

  /*Functions can have required parameters and optional parameters
      Optional Parameters are of 2 types: 1. Named and 2. Position

      1. Named parameters : e.g.
      2. Positional parameters :
   */





}