#ifndef CODEFORCES_DEBUG_H
#define CODEFORCES_DEBUG_H

#include <bits/stdc++.h>

template <typename T>
std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &out, std::vector<std::vector<T>> const &v)
{
  for (auto &&i : v) {
    for (auto &&j : i)
      out << j << " ";
    out << std::endl;
  }
  return out;
}

template <typename T, size_t rows, size_t cols>
std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &out, T (&array)[rows][cols])
{
  for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
    for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
      out << array[i][j] << " ";
    }
    out << std::endl;
  }

  return out;
}

template <size_t rows, size_t cols>
std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &out, char (&array)[rows][cols])
{
  for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
    out << array[i] << " " << std::endl;
  }
  out << std::endl;

  return out;
}

template <size_t rows>
std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &out, int (&array)[rows])
{
  for (auto &j : array) {
    out << j << " ";
  }
  out << std::endl;

  return out;
}

template <typename T, typename V>
std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const std::pair<T, V> pai)
{
  return os << '(' << pai.first << ' ' << pai.second << ')';
}

template <typename T>
std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const std::vector<T> v)
{
  std::cout << '[';

  for (auto &item : v) {
    std::cout << item << ",";
  }

  std::cout << "]";
  return os;
}

template <typename T>
std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const std::set<T> v)
{
  std::cout << "{";
  for (auto p : v)
    std::cout << p << ",";
  std::cout << "}";
  return os;
}

template <typename T, typename V>
std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const std::map<T, V> v)
{
  std::cout << "{";
  for (auto p : v)
    std::cout << p << ",";
  std::cout << "}";
  return os;
}

std::ifstream in("/home/frs/CLionProjects/codeforce/in.txt");
std::ofstream out("/home/frs/CLionProjects/codeforce/out.txt");

auto cinbuf = std::cin.rdbuf(in.rdbuf());
auto coutbuf = std::cout.rdbuf(out.rdbuf());

#define debug(...) cout << " [-] ", _dbg(#__VA_ARGS__, __VA_ARGS__)
template <class TH>
void _dbg(const char *sdbg, TH h)
{
  std::cout << sdbg << '=' << h << std::endl;
}
template <class TH, class... TA>
void _dbg(const char *sdbg, TH h, TA... a)
{
  while (*sdbg != ',')
    std::cout << *sdbg++;
  std::cout << '=' << (h) << ',';
  _dbg(sdbg + 1, a...);
}

#endif