Session WEB ARCHITECTURE AND COMPONENTS

WEB ARCHITECTURE AND COMPONENTS
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1. Domain Name : Its tough for a user to remember the IP address of a website so these websites are assigned with a domain name such as google.com , facebook.com etc etc. So in order to open or access the website one has to visit the domain name.

Domain name                 Meaning

com---------------------->Commerical business
edu---------------------->Education
gov---------------------->Governement
int---------------------->international entity
mil---------------------->US miltary
net --------------------->Network Organization
org---------------------->Non profit Organization


2. Web Hosting Space :
-->Web hosting is a service of providing online space for storage of web pages.
-->These web pages are made available via World Wide Web. The companies which offer website hosting are known as Web hosts.
-->The servers on which web site is hosted remain switched on 24 x7.
-->These servers are run by web hosting companies. Each server has its own IP address Eg. GoDaddy, BigRock ICANN provide these hosting spaces to Godaddy etc.

Types of Hosting:
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1.Shared Hosting:In shared hosting, the hosting company puts thousand of website on the same physical server. Each customer has their own allocation of physical web space and a set of bandwidth limit. As all websites share same physical memory.
Drawbacks:
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-->Shared servers are usually prone to hacking attacks.
-->Any malicious activity that the server suffers affects the whole network of websites using the server.
-->Your hosting plan may have lesser features compared to dedicated hosting plans.

2.Dedicated Hosting:
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-->In this kind of hosting, single dedicated server is setup for just one customer. It is commonly used by the businesses that need the power, control and security that a dedicated server offers.

Advantages:
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-->Users get better Security
-->amount of bandwidth you will require
--> provides flexibility, scalability, and better management of your own and your customers
3. Operating Systems : On which Operating System we want to build our website. Eg. Linux, Windows

4. Server Type : Which type of server we are using to host our website. Request and Response of the application.
		Windows - IIS - Internet Information Services (IIS) is a flexible, general-purpose web server from Microsoft that runs on Windows systems to serve requested HTML pages or files
		Linux - Apache Tomcat Developed by the Apache foundation and it will run on almost any OS including Apple OSx,Unix,&on most Linux Operating Systems.

5. Web Technology :   The technology we use in buliding a  website like the programming languages, the plugins, various scripting languages etc.
To check what technology a site is using :
Visit : builtwith.com

	1. Client Side  Language : client-side programming is the name of the entire program that runs on the client.
    Example:HTML,CSS,JAVASCRIPT,VBSCRIPT etc.

	2. Server Side  Language : we can say that server-side programming must deal with dynamic content. It runs on the server. Most web pages are not static since they   deal with searching databases.
       Example:Java&JSP,ASP.Net,PHP etc.


6. Database : Database is that system which stores all the data of a web application we are hosting in a server. It is known as the backbone of the web application.This data could be anything like username ,password , messages , comments etc.
It helps in storing all the files situated in a database.
Windows - MSSQL
Linux - MySQL

Web Security Misconceptions
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1. If I am using a good firewall, then I am secure
2. If I am using a Good IDS and IPS, then I am secure
3. If my web application is using HTTPS, then I am secure

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Local Hosting
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Local Hosting is a technology in which we stores and hosts a Database in our "localhost" Computer. This website can be hosted and accessed in a LAN or a Intranet Network.
Can be assessed from the hosted computer by three ways:
1. 127.0.0.1/WEBSITE_NAME
2. localhost/WEBSITE_NAME
3. <private ip>/WEBSITE_NAME

webpage:Web pages are what make up the World Wide Web. These documents are written in HTML (hypertext markup language) and are translated by ------- your Web browser.
website:A Web site is a collection of pages. A Web page is an individual HTML document.
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webapplication
------------- :A web application is a software program that runs in an Internet browser, on or through a web page. Similar to a software program that runs on a computer desktop or desktop application, a web application allows for user interaction and can be designed for a variety of uses
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LOCAL HOST SERVERS
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So, they are Server applications which makes our normal operating system and make them act like a server.

WINDOWS - WAMPP

W 	-	WINDOWS
A   -	APACHE
M   -	MSSQL
P   -	PERL
P   -	PYTHON

LINUX - LAMMP

L   -	LINUX
A   -	APACHE
M   -	MYSQL
P   -	PERL
P   -	PYTHON

XAMPP - Cross Platform Server
X 	-	Cross Platform
A   -	APACHE
M   -	MYSQL
P   -	PERL
P   -	PYTHON




XAMMP installation and configuration demo...


= Start apache
= Start MySQL

There are 3 ways for opening a server hosted file
c:\xampp\htdocs
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WEB SECURITY MISCONCEPTIONS
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HTTP / HTTPS - SSL Secured = Secure Socket Layer
							Encryption
							Tunneling
							Secure Socket

= If a Website is using https instead of http, its not secured either.
= If I am using a Good Firewall than I am secured.
= If I am using IDS and IPS the I am secured.
	IDS = Intrusion(any obstruction) Detection System
	IPS = Intrusion Prevention System


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SCRIPTING LANGUAGES
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Methods used in Scripting Languages
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1. GET = It shows Data which is being traveled from Server to Clients in the URL only. It is the unsecured method of data travelling between client and server.

2. POST = It doesn't show anything in the URL that fromwhere that data is travelling.




Client Side Scrippting
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The scripting programming language we are gonna be using is HTML.