a.Yes.Philosophy is the way of life when all other explanations fail.This is one subject that has given answers to all the questions which we might never find answers through the usage of science,reason and logic and has saved many a people from the perople they fear they might become in the future.It has been the guiding light through all the stages of life for most of us and we have used it subtly in all the things that we do and continue to do.

b.Epistemology is the study that is related to the philosophocal explanations of the origin of human knowledge,the entire nature etc.Thus these are basic beliefs that can be fed to machine and the coding can incorporate these basic understanding and apply them in making decisions through simulations of certain artificial situations to reach a level whereby the machine can make decisions for itself.

c.The logical fallacies are used in marketing by appealing to the emotional needs of the human beings which will be solved by the product and not appealing to the consumers on the merits of the product only.Thus this is irrational marketing whereby the product is not the center of the marketing effort but the consumer is the center of the marketing effort.