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- Best Practices: Backups
- Understand the existing backup policies within your office or Branch.
- Check with your Science Center or Program IT staff about your backup policies and procedures, as they can vary around the Survey.
- Backups may or may not be part of the data management plan for the group.
- If there is no established policy, create a backup policy.
- Clarify who is responsible for performing backups.
- Specify where the backup data are to be located.
- Establish how to access the files.
- Define how often backups must be done. Again this may be dictated by policy.
- Describe policies for moving the data or how the format may change.
- Perform backups of digital data but also consider digitizing physical documents.
- Automate your backups.
- You can back up single files manually, but it is better to automate the system so that no files are missed and to ensure the backup is performed on a regular schedule.
- Back up the metadata along with the data.
- Locating the backup data:
- Depending on your branch's policy, you may back up data in a designated repository, on an external disk, or a network drive.
- Do not back up on CD and DVD disks as they can easily break or deteriorate.
- Place backups in a location that is different from the original data source to avoid a double loss.
- Checking backups:
- After you back up your data, check the files to make sure the data have been copied and there are no errors in opening the files.
- Make sure the file dates and file sizes are identical to the original copies.
- Perform a checksum, which is a mathematical calculation that can be compared between the backup file and the original file, to verify that they are identical.
- To learn how to perform a checksum, visit Checksum Exercise - Research Data Management Team - UK Data Archive [PDF]
- Determine how long to keep your backup.
- This will depend upon requirements and needs.
- Best Practices: Data Security
- Share metadata but keep confidential or sensitive information unavailable.
- Create codes to make data anonymous. Keep the data dictionary secure.
- When transferring sensitive data to another party, encrypt the data.
- Make sure your computer has anti-virus and firewall software that updates regularly.
- Make sure data are physically protected in a locked drawer or on a secure network.
- Tools
- Windows Users: Backup and Restore
- Description: "Backup and Restore - improved for Windows 7 - creates safety copies of your most important personal files, so you're always prepared for the worst. Let Windows choose what to back up, or pick individual folders, libraries, and drives yourself. Windows can back up files on whatever schedule you choose. Just set it and forget it. You can back up to another drive or a DVD. If you're using the Professional or Ultimate editions of Windows 7, you'll also have the option of backing up your files to a network."
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