2015-10-30 Grammar: participles and adjectives

Greg Malivuk
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http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
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Homework: p. 149 exercise 1 - combine the words in the box to make different noun phrases
This is a very famous university professor.
It was a really good three-week vacation.
It was the best three-week vacation that I have ever had.
This is a very late English teacher.
I looked at wonderful famous circus animals last night.
This is a really relaxing vacation.
There are some cute red animals.
It was an extremely expensive watch.
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Participles / Participle modifiers / participial adjectives

The relaxing vacation made me feel relaxed.
The boring movie made me feel bored.
The confusing grammar made me feel confused.
The surprising story made me feel surprised. (= I was surprised by the story.)
The scary movie made me feel scared.
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p. 155 exercise 6 - choose the correct participle to complete the sentences
1 a confused
  b confusing
2 a disappointing
  b disappointed
3 a Frightened
  b Frightening
4 a satisfying
  b satisfied
5 a interested
  b interesting

The man was very frightening in his Halloween costume.
The students were bored because the teacher was boring.
The teacher was bored because the students were boring.

past participles - usually only for people (if it’s about a feeling)
present participles - about things or people

(Some are not about feelings: the stolen car, the burnt food, the correctly spelled word)
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p. 157 - modifying participle modifiers
the moving train
the fast-moving train
the slow-moving train
(we use the hyphen ‘-’ to make it clear that these words go together)

ten dollar bills = ten bills, each is a $1 bill
ten-dollar bills = some bills, each is a $10 bill

I teach twenty two-year-old students.
I teach twenty-two-year-old students.

The handmade costume was made by hand. (passive)
The man-made lake was made by people. (passive)
The award-winning movie has won awards. (active)

The moth-eating lizard eats moths. (active)
The moth-eaten sweater was eaten by moths. (passive)
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p. 150 - order of adjectives
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Homework: write five sentences describing halloween costumes you see tonight or this weekend