JSONArrays

//JSON Arrays

// So far we've utilized the JSON object class to work with our JSON data.
// Now we're going to look at the other important class for
// JSON in Android, JSON array.

/*
Remember that JSON object is stored in two different ways:
    1. A collection of key/value pairs grouped together into an object
    2. An ordered list of object <--- this is the JSONArray
*/

JSONObject and JSONArray image:
http://content.screencast.com/users/yofu1234/folders/Jing/media/46242fcf-4b03-45e3-9e41-fee0d15483af/JSONArray%20and%20JSONObject.png


Forecast Api JSON:
data: [  <---this is the JSONarray   data[]

{     <--- these are the JSONObjects{}

    "time": 1436665740,
    "precipIntensity": 0,
    "precipProbability": 0

},
{

    "time": 1436665800,
    "precipIntensity": 0,
    "precipProbability": 0

},
{

    "time": 1436665860,
    "precipIntensity": 0,
    "precipProbability": 0

},

// We will access this data array in code, and
// then store each object in here as an array item using our new hour class.

// Let's go back to our new method, parseForecastDetails.
// Our forecast class has two arrays to fill so let's create two new methods to fill
// them, following the format we used to fill the current weather data.


package com.teamtreehouse.stormy.UI;

import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
import android.net.NetworkInfo;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.squareup.okhttp.Call;
import com.squareup.okhttp.Callback;
import com.squareup.okhttp.OkHttpClient;
import com.squareup.okhttp.Request;
import com.squareup.okhttp.Response;
import com.teamtreehouse.stormy.R;
import com.teamtreehouse.stormy.weather.Current;
import com.teamtreehouse.stormy.weather.Day;
import com.teamtreehouse.stormy.weather.Forecast;
import com.teamtreehouse.stormy.weather.Hour;

import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;

import java.io.IOException;

import butterknife.ButterKnife;
import butterknife.InjectView;


public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {

    public static final String TAG = MainActivity.class.getSimpleName();

    private Forecast mForecast;

    @InjectView(R.id.timeLabel) TextView mTimeLabel;
    @InjectView(R.id.temperatureLabel) TextView mTemperatureLabel;
    @InjectView(R.id.humidityValue) TextView mHumidityValue;
    @InjectView(R.id.precipValue) TextView mPrecipValue;
    @InjectView(R.id.summaryLabel) TextView mSummaryLabel;
    @InjectView(R.id.iconImageView) ImageView mIconImageView;
    @InjectView(R.id.refreshImageView) ImageView mRefreshImageView;
    @InjectView(R.id.progressBar) ProgressBar mProgressBar;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        ButterKnife.inject(this);

        mProgressBar.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);

        final double latitude = 37.8267;
        final double longitude = -122.423;

        mRefreshImageView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                getForecast(latitude, longitude);

            }
        });

        getForecast(latitude, longitude);

        Log.d(TAG, "Main UI code is running!");
    }

    private void getForecast(double latitude, double longitude) {
        String apiKey = "d5faf0cb201f103df4dde0b8b0a4f490";
        String forecastUrl = "https://api.forecast.io/forecast/" + apiKey +
                "/" + latitude + "," + longitude;

        if (isNetworkAvailable()) {
            toggleRefresh();

            OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
            Request request = new Request.Builder().url(forecastUrl).build();

            Call call = client.newCall(request);
            call.enqueue(new Callback() {
                @Override
                public void onFailure(Request request, IOException e) {
                    runOnUiThread(new Runnable(){
                        @Override
                        public void run(){
                            toggleRefresh();
                        }
                    });
                    alertUserAboutError();
                }

                @Override
                public void onResponse(Response response) throws IOException {
                    runOnUiThread(new Runnable(){
                        @Override
                        public void run(){
                            toggleRefresh();
                        }
                    });
                    try {
                        String jsonData = response.body().string();
                        Log.v(TAG, jsonData);
                        if (response.isSuccessful()) {
                            mForecast = parseForecastDetails(jsonData);
                            runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                                @Override
                                public void run() {
                                    updateDisplay();
                                }
                            });
                        } else {
                            alertUserAboutError();
                        }
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        Log.e(TAG, "Exception caught: ", e);
                    } catch (JSONException e) {
                        Log.e(TAG, "Exception caught: ", e);
                    }
                }
            });
        }
            else {
                Toast.makeText(this, getString(R.string.network_unavailable_message), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
    }

    private void toggleRefresh() {
        if(mProgressBar.getVisibility() == View.INVISIBLE) {
            mProgressBar.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            mRefreshImageView.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
        }
        else {
            mProgressBar.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
            mRefreshImageView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
        }
    }

    private void updateDisplay() {
        Current current = mForecast.getCurrent();

        mTemperatureLabel.setText(current.getTemperature() + "");
        mTimeLabel.setText("At " + current.getFormattedTime() + " it will be");
        mHumidityValue.setText(current.getHumidity() + "");
        mPrecipValue.setText(current.getPrecipChance() + "%");
        mSummaryLabel.setText(current.getSummary());

        Drawable drawable = getResources().getDrawable(current.getIconId());
        mIconImageView.setImageDrawable(drawable);
    }

    private Forecast parseForecastDetails(String jsonData) throws JSONException  {
        Forecast forecast = new Forecast();

        // Our forecast class has two Arrays to fill so let's create two new methods to fill
        // then, following the format we used to fill the current weather data.
        // We write the code we want, and then generate the new method declarations.
        forecast.setCurrent(getCurrentDetails(jsonData));
        forecast.setHourlyForecast(getHourlyForecast(jsonData)); //So here we want the code to be forecast.setHourlyForecast, and we wanna call a new method which we will call getHourlyForecast and we're gonna pass in the JSON data. *
        forecast.setDailyForecast(getDailyForecast(jsonData));  //Then we'll do the same thing, forecast.setDailyForecast, and again, we'll have a new method, getDailyForecast with jsonData. Then use alt+enter to generate the getHourlyForecast and the getDailyForecast *
        return forecast;
    }

    private Day[] getDailyForecast(String jsonData) { //*
        return new Day[0];
    }

    private Hour[] getHourlyForecast(String jsonData) throws JSONException{ //*
        JSONObject forecast = new JSONObject(jsonData); //we want a JSONObject
        String timezone = forecast.getString("timezone"); //we also want to get the timezone

        JSONObject hourly = forecast.getJSONObject("hourly"); //[*3*] we'll name it hourly to match. Then we'll pass in the "hourly" key
        // ^So what this line does, is it takes the forecast JSONObject at the root. And it gets the JSONObject at that root level, named hourly. thus forecast.getJSONObject{"hourly"}

        // Now that we have that object, we can access the array which is a property of that object
        JSONArray data = hourly.getJSONArray("data"); //pass in the key "data"
        // Okay, so we have an array of JSON objects, hooray.
        //But we want an array of our objects.
        // How should we go about converting them?


       /* JSON data from Forecast.api
       { <-- JSON object corresponds to the JSON object that starts with this curly brace. So we can access each of these properties just like we accessed the time zone property.
            "latitude": 37.8267,
             "longitude": -122.423,
             "timezone": "America/Los_Angeles",
             "offset": -7,
             currently: {...}
             minutely: {...}
             hourly: {                                         <------ we want to get this JSONObject that is accessed by the key "hourly" so back in our code we are going to create a new JSON Object...[*3*]
                "summary": "Mostly cloudy throughout the day.",
                "icon": "partly-cloudy-night",
                "data":
                        [
                        {...}
                        {...}
                        {
                        "time": 1436662800,
                        "summary": "Partly Cloudy",
                        "icon": "partly-cloudy-day",
                        "precipIntensity": 0,
                        "precipProbability": 0,
                        "temperature": 65.39,
                        "apparentTemperature": 65.39,
                        "dewPoint": 53.82,
                        "humidity": 0.66,
                        "windSpeed": 13.04,
                        "windBearing": 268,
                        "visibility": 9.65,
                        "cloudCover": 0.36,
                        "pressure": 1014.91,
                        "ozone": 327.73
             }


        */
    }

    private Current getCurrentDetails(String jsonData) throws JSONException {

        JSONObject forecast = new JSONObject(jsonData);
        String timezone = forecast.getString("timezone");
            Log.i(TAG, "From JSON: " + timezone);

        JSONObject currently = forecast.getJSONObject("currently");

        Current current = new Current();
        current.setHumidity(currently.getDouble("humidity"));
        current.setTime(currently.getLong("time"));
        current.setIcon(currently.getString("icon"));
        current.setPrecipChance(currently.getDouble("precipProbability"));
        current.setSummary(currently.getString("summary"));
        current.setTemperature(currently.getDouble("temperature"));
        current.setTimeZone(timezone);

        Log.d(TAG, current.getFormattedTime());

        return current;

    }

    private boolean isNetworkAvailable() {
        ConnectivityManager manager = (ConnectivityManager)
                getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);

        NetworkInfo networkInfo = manager.getActiveNetworkInfo();
        boolean isAvailable = false;
        if (networkInfo != null && networkInfo.isConnected()) {
            isAvailable = true;
        }
        return isAvailable;
    }
    private void alertUserAboutError() {
        AlertDialogFragment dialog = new AlertDialogFragment();
        dialog.show(getFragmentManager(), "error_dialog");
    }
}




// android documentation: http://developer.android.com/reference/org/json/JSONArray.html