INSERT with SELECT...

INSERT INTO deposits(amount, start_date, end_date, deposit_type_id, customer_id)
        SELECT
            (CASE
                WHEN c.date_of_birth>'1980-01-01' THEN 1000
                ELSE 1500
            END
            +
            CASE
                WHEN c.gender='M' THEN 100
                ELSE 200
            END) AS 'amount',
            DATE(NOW()) AS 'start_date',
            NULL,
            (
            CASE
                WHEN c.customer_id >15 THEN 3
                WHEN c.customer_id%2=0 THEN 2
                WHEN c.customer_id%2!=0 THEN 1
            END) AS 'deposit_type',
            c.customer_id
        FROM customers AS c
        WHERE c.customer_id<20;