import psycopg2
import psycopg2.extensions

conn_two = psycopg2.connect(user="postgres", password="password", host = "localhost", port= "5432", dbname = "base2")
cur_2  = conn_two.cursor()
sql = 'INSERT INTO {} ({})  VALUES {};'.format('"tb_names"', '"num", "name", "district"',  (23, 'Рынок', 'Волжский'))
cur_2.execute(sql)
conn_two.commit()

import psycopg2
import psycopg2.extensions
psycopg2.extensions.register_type(psycopg2.extensions.UNICODE)
psycopg2.extensions.register_type(psycopg2.extensions.UNICODEARRAY)

conn_two = psycopg2.connect(user="postgres", password="password", host = "localhost", port= "5432", dbname = "base2")
conn_two.set_client_encoding("utf-8")
conn_two.set_client_encoding('UNICODE')
cur_2  = conn_two.cursor()
sql = 'INSERT INTO {} ({})  VALUES {};'.format('"tb_names"', '"num", "name", "district"',  (23, u'Рынок', u'Волжский'))
cur_2.execute(sql)
conn_two.commit()


Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:_Scriptspgadmin.py", line <>, in <module>
    cur_2.execute(sql)
psycopg2.ProgrammingError: ОШИБКА:  тип "u" не существует # - says that type "u" does not exist
LINE 1: ...ing_ex" ("num", "name", "district")  VALUES (23, u'u0420u...
                                                            ^