2017-05-11 TOEFL: speaking 3, compare/contrast

Greg Malivuk
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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http://ed.ted.com/lessons/check-your-intuition-the-birthday-problem-david-knuffke
http://www.gregegan.net/QUARANTINE/Runs/Runs.html
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Speaking Question 3
Your response should have these parts:
1 Introduction: summarize the announcement that they are discussing (“The students are discussing an announcement about a change to food service. They can vote on two options. The first…”)
2 State the person’s opinion (“The man prefers the second option.”)
3 Lead-in (“He gives two main reasons for his preference.”)
4 First reason (“The first reason is that the main cafeteria is too crowded.”)
5 Details/examples (“This means / For example, there are always lines for food, there are no places to sit, and there aren’t enough racks for bicycles.”)
6 Second reason (“The second reason is that he likes the idea of having more eating areas around campus.”)
7 Details/examples (“More areas would be more convenient to get to after classes which are also all over campus. In addition, he is excited about having more food choices, such as barbecue.”)
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ETS Past Test 1 - Take 5 minutes with your partner to prepare a “perfect” response to question 3.
Record your responses to tests 2, 3, and 4
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BREAK
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Listen to your classmates’ responses. Do they include all the parts we discussed above? What else was good or bad?
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	Introduction
Topic
		Lead-in
	Reason 1
		Detail 1
			Detail 2
	Reason 2
		Detail 1
			Detail 2
				Conclusion
- Missing things farther to the right is better than missing things on the left. (This can be either because you didn’t have time or because you misunderstood something. It’s better to misunderstand a small detail than the main topic.)
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Transition signals: words and expressions that signal the change from one idea to another, and indicate how those ideas are related
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Integrated writing: 3 minutes to read a passage about a particular topic (usually and introductory paragraph and three supporting paragraphs), then listen to a talk about the same topic (usually organized the same way), then write about what points the talk makes and how they relate to points from the reading.
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Compare/Contrast vocabulary handout - complete the sentences with words and phrases from the top of the page, to express similarities and differences (sometimes more than one answer is possible)
1 similarities between
2 Both...and
3 have in common, both (“each” also works here)
4 In the same way/Likewise/Similarly, also
5 Like
6 were similar to/resembled
7 Neither...nor
8 difference between
9 While/Whereas
10 on the other hand/however/in contast
11 Unlike/In contrast to/Compared to
12 is different from/differs from
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Handout (Collins) p. 21 - Complete part A and B by choosing the correct words to complete each sentence.
part A
1 b
2 b
3 a (“Similarly” would also work here.)
4 b
5 c
part B
1 both
2 like
3 however
4 are different / differ
5 difference
6 Whereas/While
7 resemble
8 on the other hand / in contrast
9 in common
10 unlike