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- Greg Malivuk
- http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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- Parts of Speech = what “kind” of word something is, or how it functions in a sentence
- nouns - people, places, and things
- verbs - actions and states
- adjectives - describe nouns
- adverbs - describe verbs (and sentences), adverbs, or other adjectives
- (These are typically the content or meaning words in a sentence.)
- conjunctions - connect sentences or ideas
- prepositions - give adjective or adverb information in relation to another noun
- pronouns - refer to nouns that are described elsewhere or otherwise known
- determiners - tell us which or how many nouns (include articles, quantifiers, possessives)
- interjections - words like “wow” that go among and between other words without changing the grammar of a sentence or conversation
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- Many words can be more than one part of speech. What part of speech is each of the italic words in the following sentences?
- 1. We need to learn about our past. - noun
- 2. Your friend just went past. - adverb (it tells us about “went”)
- 3. The past event will be remembered forever. - adjective
- 4. The fall colors are outstanding this year. - noun (as part of a compound “fall colors”)
- 5. The leaves fall all over the ground. - verb
- 6. The branches broke his fall from the tree. - noun
- 7. The spring is full of mud. - noun
- 8. Spring into action before it is too late. - verb
- 9. Don't come near me! - preposition
- 10. Do you think he is near? - adjective
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- We can divide many parts of speech by other important grammatical details:
- nouns - countable / uncountable
- verbs - action / non-action, transitive / intransitive
- adjectives - gradable / ungradable, weak / strong
- adverbs - frequency / time / manner / intensifier / sentence adverbs / focus / etc.
- determiners - articles / quantifiers / possessives / demonstratives
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- This week we’re going to focus on verb tenses (including time frame and aspect).
- - three time frames: past, present, future
- - four aspects each: simple, progressive, perfect, perfect progressive
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- progressive = continuous = [be] + verb(ing)
- perfect = [have] + past participle
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