// densities of cooking ingredients from The Cake Bible by Rose Levy Beranbaum
// so you can convert '2 cups sugar' to grams, for example, or in the other
// direction grams could be converted to 'cup flour_scooped'.

butter :=              8. oz/cup;
butter_clarified :=    6.8 oz/cup;
cocoa_butter :=        9. oz/cup;
shortening :=          6.75 oz/cup;    // vegetable shortening
stickbutter := 1/4 lb;
vegetable_oil :=       7.5 oz/cup;
cakeflour_sifted :=    3.5 oz/cup;     // The density of flour depends on the
cakeflour_spooned :=   4. oz/cup;      // measuring method.  "Scooped",  or
cakeflour_scooped :=   4.5 oz/cup;     // "dip and sweep" refers to dipping a
flour_sifted :=        4. oz/cup;      // measure into a bin, and then sweeping
flour_spooned :=       4.25 oz/cup;    // the excess off the top.  "Spooned"
flour_scooped :=       5. oz/cup;      // means to lightly spoon into a measure
breadflour_sifted :=   4.25 oz/cup;    // and then sweep the top.  Sifted means
breadflour_spooned :=  4.5 oz/cup;     // sifting the flour directly into a
breadflour_scooped :=  5.5 oz/cup;     // measure and then sweeping the top.
cornstarch :=          120. grams/cup;
dutchcocoa_sifted :=   75. g/cup;       // These are for Dutch processed cocoa
dutchcocoa_spooned :=  92. g/cup;
dutchcocoa_scooped :=  95. g/cup;
cocoa_sifted :=        75. g/cup;       // These are for nonalkalized cocoa
cocoa_spooned :=       82. g/cup;
cocoa_scooped :=       95. g/cup;
heavycream :=          232. g/cup;
milk :=                242. g/cup;
sourcream :=           242. g/cup;
molasses :=            11.25 oz/cup;
cornsyrup :=           11.5 oz/cup;
honey :=               11.75 oz/cup;
sugar :=               200. g/cup;
powdered_sugar :=      4. oz/cup;
brownsugar_light :=    217. g/cup;      // packed
brownsugar_dark :=     239. g/cup;

baking_powder :=       4.6 grams / tsp;
salt :=                6 g / tsp;
koshersalt :=          2.8 g / tsp;    // Diamond Crystal salt, from package
                                      // Note that Morton kosher salt is
                                      // much denser.
ethanol := .7893 g/cm^3;   // Density of ethanol
alcohol := ethanol;        // For now, density of ethanol
methanol := .79130 g/cm^3; // Density of methanol

// Egg weights and volumes for a USA large egg

egg :=                 50. grams;
eggwhite :=            30. grams;
eggyolk :=             18.6 grams;
eggvolume :=           3. tablespoons + 1/2 tsp;
eggwhitevolume :=      2. tablespoons;
eggyolkvolume :=       3.5 tsp;