2018-11-02 TOEFL: speaking 4

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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https://ed.ted.com/lessons/what-causes-heartburn-rusha-modi
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Speaking Section: third section, 20 minutes total, 5.5 of speaking about 6 tasks
1 independent, open-ended - 15 seconds to prepare / 45 seconds to speak
2 independent, choice question - 15/45
3 integrated reading/listening/speaking, campus announcement and conversation - 30/60
4 integrated R/L/S, academic text and lecture - 30/60
5 integrated L/S, conversation about a problem and solutions - 20/60
6 integrated L/S, academic lecture - 20/60
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Speaking Task 4
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ETS 2 test 5 - Read about perceptual constancy. Then listen to part of a lecture on the topic.
“Explain what is meant by perceptual constancy, using the examples provided by the professor.”
Possible response organization:
1 Introduction: summarize the reading (briefly explain what perceptual constancy is)
2 Lead-in: state what (kind of) points the professor makes (“The professor gives two examples of perceptual constancy.”)
3 First point: “First, he talks about a round plate.”
4 Detail/example: “When you see the plate from different angles, it can look like a circle, an ellipse, or a straight line, but no matter how it’s oriented, you always know that it’s the same plate.”
5 Second point: “Second, he talks about…”
6 Detail/example: “When a student…”
(7 Conclusion - if you have time)
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Listen to the sample responses. What was good and bad about each one?
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Cambridge symbiosis example.
Text:
symbiotic relationship: close relationship between 2 organisms
3 types:
	- mutualism: + +
	- parasitism: + -
	- commensalism: + N
		(obligate: necessary together / facultative: can survive on its own)
Lecture:
summary of the three types (you could complete your reading notes here)
sometimes the relationship isn’t clear
	- bee and bee orchid: helps the flower, but we don’t know if it helps or harms the bee
sometimes the relationship changes
	- skin and bacteria: normally commensalism, but when you burn your skin, infection = parasitism
	- coral and shrimp&crabs: normally commensal, but when attacked, they defend it = mutualism
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The question is about relationships that change. The bee and flower isn’t a relationship that changes, it’s a relationship that is unclear, so you don’t need to talk about it in your response.
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Take extra time to prepare a “perfect” response to ETS 2 test 1.
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Break
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Record your responses to the ETS guide questions.
Listen to your responses and decide which one we can hear as a class.
Listen to your classmates’ responses. What’s good and bad about each one.