2018-10-10 Pronunciation: -s endings

http://www.manythings.org/pp/ - Minimal pairs practice for several difficult sounds.
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p. 27 exercise 1A - Mark the one you hear. (Treat them as ‘a’ and ‘b’.)
1 b
2 b
3 b
4 a
5 a
6 b
7 b
8 a
9 b
10 b
Do the same thing with your partner: say one of the phrases and your partner identifies which one you said.
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What is the difference between the phrases in the first column and the phrases in the second column?
- The phrases in the second column have one more syllable than the first column.
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Listen to the audio. Do you notice anything strange?
- There are no -s endings.
Listen again to the correct version. Write ‘s’ or ‘es’ in the blank.
What sound does the ending make in each word?
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There are several reasons to add an -s ending to a word. They all have the same pronunciation rules:
- plural nouns: student/students, book/books, bag/bags, club/clubs, dress/dresses
- 3rd singular verbs: walk/walks, drive/drives, miss/misses, rise/rises
- possessives: student/student’s, Greg/Greg’s, Max/Max’s
- contractions: it is -> it’s, he has -> he’s
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There are three different pronunciations this ending can have:
1) /əz/ (extra syllable) - If the word ends with /s/, /ʃ/, /z/, or /ʒ/
2) /s/ - If the word ends with another voiceless sound: /p t k f θ/
3) /z/ - If the word ends with anything else: /b d g v ð/, /y r l w/, /m n ŋ/, or any vowel.
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p. 30 exercise 5 - Listen and repeat these words.
exercise 6 - Does the new word add just a sound (/s/ or /z/) or a new syllable? Write it in the correct column.
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p. 31 - Take turns saying sentence (a) or (b), and your partner responds with the correct response.