2015-09-15 Core: 10 relative clauses, medicine

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
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p. 117
ultramarathon - a running race which is longer than a normal marathon (42.195km)

extreme sports:
triathlon (and iron-man triathlon)
surfing
kayaking
free-climbing
free-diving
motocross
mountain biking
BASE jumping
(building, antenna, span (bridge), earth (mountains and cliffs))
parkour
hang gliding
paragliding
skydiving
wingsuit jumping
bungee jumping
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TWfph3iNC-k - Jeb Corliss BASE jump video
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junkie = drug addict
adrenaline junkie = someone who always does extreme and dangerous things, because he or she loves adrenaline
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What are some other things people do in order to overcome their limits?
cosmetic surgery / plastic surgery
body modification
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How about electronic or mechanical things added to the body?
cochlear implant - for hearing
pacemaker - to make sure the heart beats when it is supposed to
(bypass surgery - a type of heart surgery)
prosthetic arms and legs
bionics = bio + electronics = electronic or computerized prosthetics and implants in the body
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p. 118 part 1 - what three topics is the documentary about?
part 2 - complete the sentences with the correct information
1 The Bionic Woman was a TV series in which the character was part machine and part human.
2 The documentary is about a woman whose arm was amputated (in a car accident).
3 Doctors have developed a process which grows new organs.
4 Amanda Kitts is learning to do things that we take for granted.
5 Bionics can help people who have lost limbs.
6 There’ll be a time when blind people will use bionic devices to see.
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“who have lost limbs” gives information about the noun “people”
We call this an adjective clause.
It is also called a relative clause, because “who” is related to “people”.

It is a defining relative clause because it give necessary information to define which people we’re talking about.
(These are also called restrictive or identifying relative clauses.)

The woman whose arm was amputated now uses bionics.
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The Bionic Woman, which was a very popular TV show, was about a woman who was part machine.
(This is a non-defining relative clause, because I don’t need that information to know which TV show I’m talking about.)
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This is the classroom where we study English.
This is the classroom in which we study English.
This is the classroom which we study English in.
This is the classroom that we study English in.
This is the classroom we study English in.

Amanda Kitts is learning to do things that we take for granted.
Amanda Kitts is learning to do things we take for granted.
(We can remove “that” if another word is the subject of the relative clause.)

Doctors have developed a process which grows new organs.
Doctors have developed a process that grows new organs.
(We cannot remove “that” when it is the subject of the relative clause.)
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The woman whose arm was amputated now uses bionics.
The woman’s arm was amputated. The woman now uses bionics.
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p. 119 part 7 - what word goes in the blank in each noun phrase?
1 who/that
2 who/that
3 which/that
4 when
5 where/to which
6 whose (a bit strange for something inanimate, like “bionic limbs”)
Their movement mimics the body’s natural steps.

This is the room whose door is broken. (strange to use “whose” for a classroom)
This is the room with the broken door.
This is the room with the door that is broken.
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p. 119 part 9 - choose the correct word to complete each sentence
1 injured (general harm to the body, including internal and broken bones)
(wounded is more common for military injuries, and especially includes injuries to the skin)
2 heal (The body heals to fix injuries: The injury will heal. The bone will heal.)
(People treat medical conditions and injuries: I will treat the cut with peroxide.)
3 appointment (official, business-related or professional)
(“date” is a romantic event)
4 cure (make a condition go away completely: Antibiotics will cure your ear infection.)
5 hurt (“hurt” is the verb, “pain” is the noun)
6 treatment
7 monitoring (= watching, checking, paying attention to, observing)
8 painful (“painful” is for physical pain, “hurtful” usually means emotional pain)
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Homework: p. 119 part 10 - use relative clauses to define the medical words
For example, “A surgeon is a doctor who performs surgery.” (What is surgery?)
surgeon
injection
botox
operating room
blood test
accident
emergency
scan
ambulance
stitches
donor
crutches
surgery
technician
ward
x-ray
paramedic
first aid