documentclass[oneside]{ctexbook}
usepackage[top=3.2cm,bottom=2.4cm,left=2.5cm,right=2.5cm]{geometry}
usepackage{lipsum}
%%%实现表格中数字按小数点对齐%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
usepackage[mode=text]{siunitx}
%mode:math(正文数字old),text(正文数字非old),主要针对表格
%%%解决表格标题与下方表格过近%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
usepackage{caption}
%%%跨页表格%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
usepackage{longtable}
%%%表格标题与前后文字间距%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
setlength{abovecaptionskip}{2pt}
setlength{belowcaptionskip}{2pt}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

begin{document}
%%%表格与页面左右边缘之间的矩离均为０%%%%%%%%
setlength{LTleft}{0pt} setlength{LTright}{0pt}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
begin{longtable}{@{extracolsep{fill}} l|c S|S S|S|S|S}%@{extracolsep{fill}}设置使得后面所有列间距可以伸展到预定义的表格宽度。
    hlinehline
    caption{标准字体命令与字号的对应值} %label{}加在caption{}的括号中
    \hlinehline
    &multicolumn{2}{c}{texttt{zihao=5}}vline&multicolumn{2}{c}{texttt{zihao=-4}}vline &texttt{10pt}&texttt{11pt}&texttt{12pt}\cline{2-8}
    字体命令&字号&bp值&字号&bp值&pt值&pt值&pt值\hline
    endfirsthead%第一页表头
    hline
    字体命令&字号&bp值&字号&bp值&pt值&pt值&pt值\hline
    endhead%续页表头
    verb|tiny|&七号&5.5&小六&6.5&5&6&6  \hline
    verb|scriptsize|&小六&6.5&六号&7.5&7&8&8  \hline
    verb|footnotesize|&六号&7.5&小五&9&8&9&10  \hline
    verb|small|&小五&9&五号&10.5&9&10&11  \hline
    verb|normalsize|&五号&10.5&小四&12&10&11&12  \hline
    verb|large|&小四&12&小三&15&12&12&14  \hline
    verb|Large|&小三&15&小二&18&14&14&17  \hline
    verb|LARGE|&小二&18&二号&22&17&17&20  \hline
    verb|huge|&二号&22&小一&24&20&20&25  \hline
    verb|Huge|&一号&26&一号&26&25&25&25  \hline
end{longtable}
end{document}