Python exceptions

>>> def foo(x):
...     if isinstance(x, str):
...         return {"a": 1, "b": 2}[x]
...     elif isinstance(x, int):
...         return [2, 4, 6][x]
...     else:
...         raise TypeError("...")
...
>>> def test1():
...     try:
...         foo("c")
...     except:
...         print("exc")
...
>>> def test2():
...     try:
...         foo("c")
...     except (KeyError, IndexError):
...         print("knownException")
...     except:
...         print("exc")
...
>>> def test3():
...     try:
...         foo("c")
...     except KeyError:
...         print("key")
...     except IndexError:
...         print("index")
...     except:
...         print("exc")
...
>>> import dis
>>> dis.dis(test1)
  2           0 SETUP_EXCEPT            14 (to 17)

  3           3 LOAD_GLOBAL              0 (foo)
              6 LOAD_CONST               1 ('c')
              9 CALL_FUNCTION            1 (1 positional, 0 keyword pair)
             12 POP_TOP
             13 POP_BLOCK
             14 JUMP_FORWARD            18 (to 35)

  4     >>   17 POP_TOP
             18 POP_TOP
             19 POP_TOP

  5          20 LOAD_GLOBAL              1 (print)
             23 LOAD_CONST               2 ('exc')
             26 CALL_FUNCTION            1 (1 positional, 0 keyword pair)
             29 POP_TOP
             30 POP_EXCEPT
             31 JUMP_FORWARD             1 (to 35)
             34 END_FINALLY
        >>   35 LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
             38 RETURN_VALUE
>>> dis.dis(test2)
  2           0 SETUP_EXCEPT            14 (to 17)

  3           3 LOAD_GLOBAL              0 (foo)
              6 LOAD_CONST               1 ('c')
              9 CALL_FUNCTION            1 (1 positional, 0 keyword pair)
             12 POP_TOP
             13 POP_BLOCK
             14 JUMP_FORWARD            51 (to 68)

  4     >>   17 DUP_TOP
             18 LOAD_GLOBAL              1 (KeyError)
             21 LOAD_GLOBAL              2 (IndexError)
             24 BUILD_TUPLE              2
             27 COMPARE_OP              10 (exception match)
             30 POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE       50
             33 POP_TOP
             34 POP_TOP
             35 POP_TOP

  5          36 LOAD_GLOBAL              3 (print)
             39 LOAD_CONST               2 ('knownException')
             42 CALL_FUNCTION            1 (1 positional, 0 keyword pair)
             45 POP_TOP
             46 POP_EXCEPT
             47 JUMP_FORWARD            18 (to 68)

  6     >>   50 POP_TOP
             51 POP_TOP
             52 POP_TOP

  7          53 LOAD_GLOBAL              3 (print)
             56 LOAD_CONST               3 ('exc')
             59 CALL_FUNCTION            1 (1 positional, 0 keyword pair)
             62 POP_TOP
             63 POP_EXCEPT
             64 JUMP_FORWARD             1 (to 68)
             67 END_FINALLY
        >>   68 LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
             71 RETURN_VALUE
>>> dis.dis(test3)
  2           0 SETUP_EXCEPT            14 (to 17)

  3           3 LOAD_GLOBAL              0 (foo)
              6 LOAD_CONST               1 ('c')
              9 CALL_FUNCTION            1 (1 positional, 0 keyword pair)
             12 POP_TOP
             13 POP_BLOCK
             14 JUMP_FORWARD            72 (to 89)

  4     >>   17 DUP_TOP
             18 LOAD_GLOBAL              1 (KeyError)
             21 COMPARE_OP              10 (exception match)
             24 POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE       44
             27 POP_TOP
             28 POP_TOP
             29 POP_TOP

  5          30 LOAD_GLOBAL              2 (print)
             33 LOAD_CONST               2 ('key')
             36 CALL_FUNCTION            1 (1 positional, 0 keyword pair)
             39 POP_TOP
             40 POP_EXCEPT
             41 JUMP_FORWARD            45 (to 89)

  6     >>   44 DUP_TOP
             45 LOAD_GLOBAL              3 (IndexError)
             48 COMPARE_OP              10 (exception match)
             51 POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE       71
             54 POP_TOP
             55 POP_TOP
             56 POP_TOP

  7          57 LOAD_GLOBAL              2 (print)
             60 LOAD_CONST               3 ('index')
             63 CALL_FUNCTION            1 (1 positional, 0 keyword pair)
             66 POP_TOP
             67 POP_EXCEPT
             68 JUMP_FORWARD            18 (to 89)

  8     >>   71 POP_TOP
             72 POP_TOP
             73 POP_TOP

  9          74 LOAD_GLOBAL              2 (print)
             77 LOAD_CONST               4 ('exc')
             80 CALL_FUNCTION            1 (1 positional, 0 keyword pair)
             83 POP_TOP
             84 POP_EXCEPT
             85 JUMP_FORWARD             1 (to 89)
             88 END_FINALLY
        >>   89 LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
             92 RETURN_VALUE