Shehuacan-Class Protected Cruiser [1898] (Zhuoteng)

Shehuacan-Class, Zhuoteng Empire Protected Cruiser laid down 1898

Displacement:
	5,130 t light; 5,300 t standard; 7,169 t normal; 8,664 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
	(394.85 ft / 393.70 ft) x 59.06 ft x (19.69 / 22.91 ft)
	(120.35 m / 120.00 m) x 18.00 m  x (6.00 / 6.98 m)

Armament:
      2 - 7.68" / 195 mm 35.0 cal guns - 212.14lbs / 96.22kg shells, 60 per gun
	  Breech loading guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1890 Model
	  2 x Twin mounts on centreline, evenly spread
      6 - 3.54" / 90.0 mm 50.0 cal guns - 23.55lbs / 10.68kg shells, 150 per gun
	  Quick firing guns in casemate mounts, 1890 Model
	  6 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
      120 - 0.31" / 8.0 mm 90.0 cal guns - 0.02lbs / 0.01kg shells, 500 per gun
	  Muzzle loading guns in deck mounts, 1895 Model
	  12 x 2 row decuple mounts on sides, evenly spread
		12 raised mounts
      Weight of broadside 568 lbs / 258 kg
      Main Torpedoes
      4 - 16.5" / 420 mm, 13.12 ft / 4.00 m torpedoes - 0.386 t each, 1.543 t total
	In 4 sets of deck mounted carriage/fixed tubes
      2nd Torpedoes
      4 - 16.5" / 420 mm, 13.12 ft / 4.00 m torpedoes - 0.386 t each, 1.543 t total
	below water reloads

Armour:
   - Belts:		Width (max)	Length (avg)		Height (avg)
	Ends:	Unarmoured

   - Torpedo Bulkhead - Strengthened structural bulkheads:
		0.98" / 25 mm	393.70 ft / 120.00 m	18.04 ft / 5.50 m
	Beam between torpedo bulkheads 52.49 ft / 16.00 m

   - Gun armour:	Face (max)	Other gunhouse (avg)	Barbette/hoist (max)
	Main:	3.94" / 100 mm	2.95" / 75 mm		5.91" / 150 mm
	2nd:	1.97" / 50 mm	0.98" / 25 mm		      -

   - Protected deck - single deck:
	For and Aft decks: 1.57" / 40 mm
	Forecastle: 1.57" / 40 mm  Quarter deck: 1.57" / 40 mm

   - Conning towers: Forward 2.95" / 75 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm

Machinery:
	Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
	Direct drive, 2 shafts, 16,073 ihp / 11,990 Kw = 21.00 kts
	Range 2,500nm at 21.00 kts
	Bunker at max displacement = 3,364 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
	389 - 506

Cost:
	£0.584 million / $2.337 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
	Armament: 109 tons, 1.5 %
	   - Guns: 106 tons, 1.5 %
	   - Weapons: 4 tons, 0.1 %
	Armour: 846 tons, 11.8 %
	   - Torpedo bulkhead: 259 tons, 3.6 %
	   - Armament: 87 tons, 1.2 %
	   - Armour Deck: 476 tons, 6.6 %
	   - Conning Tower: 24 tons, 0.3 %
	Machinery: 2,592 tons, 36.2 %
	Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,583 tons, 22.1 %
	Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,039 tons, 28.4 %
	Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
	Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
	  6,464 lbs / 2,932 Kg = 28.6 x 7.7 " / 195 mm shells or 4.0 torpedoes
	Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 2.12
	Metacentric height 7.4 ft / 2.2 m
	Roll period: 9.1 seconds
	Steadiness	- As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 76 %
			- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.06
	Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.53

Hull form characteristics:
	Hull has a flush deck,
	  a normal bow and a cruiser stern
	Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.548 / 0.569
	Length to Beam Ratio: 6.67 : 1
	'Natural speed' for length: 19.84 kts
	Power going to wave formation at top speed: 52 %
	Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
	Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 4.00 degrees
	Stern overhang: -3.28 ft / -1.00 m
	Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
				Fore end,	 Aft end
	   - Forecastle:	10.00 %,  16.40 ft / 5.00 m,  14.76 ft / 4.50 m
	   - Forward deck:	30.00 %,  14.76 ft / 4.50 m,  13.12 ft / 4.00 m
	   - Aft deck:	50.00 %,  13.12 ft / 4.00 m,  13.12 ft / 4.00 m
	   - Quarter deck:	10.00 %,  13.12 ft / 4.00 m,  13.12 ft / 4.00 m
	   - Average freeboard:		13.60 ft / 4.15 m
	Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
	Space	- Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 138.2 %
		- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 106.1 %
	Waterplane Area: 16,199 Square feet or 1,505 Square metres
	Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 112 %
	Structure weight / hull surface area: 80 lbs/sq ft or 393 Kg/sq metre
	Hull strength (Relative):
		- Cross-sectional: 0.96
		- Longitudinal: 1.52
		- Overall: 1.00
	Cramped machinery, storage, compartmentation space
	Adequate accommodation and workspace room
	Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
	Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather