2014-10-07 Structure: noun clauses

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p. 156
(Words that begin with "uni-" = 1 are always pronounced starting with "you".)
outdo = do more (than someone else)
oneupmanship = a relationship where each tries to outdo the other(s)
chauffeur = the person who drives a limousine for you (or other luxury car)
ecstatic = very very happy or pleased
inclination = desire, motivation, interest (she didn't feel like cleaning it)
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p. 158 exercise A
1 b
2 a
3 b
4 c
5 a
6 d
7 b
8 c
9 b
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NOUN CLAUSES
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clause: a group of words with a subject and verb
(phrase: a group of words that is not a clause)
noun: a person, place, or thing; it can be a subject, object, or complement

noun clause: a clause that functions as a noun in a sentence
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I know what you did last summer.
       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ = noun clause, object (of a verb)

What you did last summer caused many problems.
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ = noun clause, subject

Let's talk about what you did last summer.
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ = noun clause, object (of a preposition)

The scary thing is what you did last summer.
                   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ = noun clause, subject complement

It's scary what you did last summer.
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ = noun clause, adjective complement

I don't know who you killed last summer.
             who = person

I know (that) you accidentally killed a man last summer.
 (no missing information, so we don't use a question word in this case)

Do you know John is getting married?
 (John is getting married. Do you know this information?)

Do you know whether/if John is getting married?
 (Maybe John is getting married. Do you know?)
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that-clauses as subject:
* He's getting married is surprising. (wrong--can't omit "that" in subjects)
That he's getting married is surprising. (formal)
-> The fact that he's getting married is surprising. (more common)

that-clauses as objects of prepositions:
* Let's talk about that he's getting married. (wrong)
Let's talk about the fact that he's getting married. (correct)
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Declarative: affirmative or negative statements
- You accidentally killed a man.
- I know that you accidentally killed a man.

Interrogative: questions
	yes/no - Is John getting married?
	       - I don't know if John is getting married.
	information - Who is John going to marry?
		    - I don't know who John is going to marry.

Imperative: orders/instructions
- Close the door.
- I told you to close the door. (reported/indirect imperatives -> infinitive)
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* If he's getting married is unclear. (wrong)
-> Whether he's getting married is unclear.

* I don't know if or not he's getting married. (wrong)
-> I don't know whether or not he's getting married.

correct: I don't know if he got married or not.
correct: I don't know whether he got married or not.
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Homework: p. 162-163 - finish exercise 2 and also do exercise 1 (A and B)