# string manipulation and error handling today!
print("Welcome!")

# NEW FILE

# we can alternate quotation marks and single quotes
# to literally print out quotation marks too
name = 'John "Supercoder" Doe'
print(name)

# escaping the quotation marks works too
# => basically we're marking down quotation marks exactly in our string
name = "John \"Supercoder\" Doe"
print(name)

# NEW FILE

text = "Rovaniemi is a city near Arctic Circle, and it tends be rather chilly in January."
print(text)

# substring, partial text => from first character to 25th
# first character is at position 0, second in position 1 etc.
subtext = text[0:25]
print(subtext)

# take a substring from the middle
# make sure you're not trying to slice positions
# that do not exist (for example if string is too short()
subtext = text[10:30]
print(subtext)

# get last 10 characters from string
subtext = text[-10:]
print(subtext)

# take out the last character
# in this case, the extra dash (-) we have
years = "2022-2021-2020-2019-2018-"
years = years [0:-1]

print(years)

# NEW FILE

text = input("Please write something:\n")

# how long is this text? whitespaces also count!
text_length = len(text)
print(text_length)

# check if user actually gave any text
if text_length == 0:
    print("User didn't input any text!")
else:
    # user gave some text! is the text long or not?
    if text_length > 30:
        print("Long text!")
    else:
        print("Short text...")

# NEW FILE

text = "The autumn colors seem to be quite bright this time of year."
print(text)

# how many letter a in this string?
# note: capital letters are different letters than lowercase
a_letters = text.count("a")
print(f"Amount of letter a: {a_letters}")

# for example: the capital T in the beginning
# doesn't count!
t_letters = text.count("t")
print(f"Amount of letter a: {t_letters}")

# NEW FILE

text = input("Write something:\n")

# reverse the text
reversed_text = text[::-1]

# for a few palindromes, try tacocat and racecar
# palindrome = text is exactly same even if reversed
print(reversed_text)

# NEW FILE

drinks = "soda, milk, coffee, tea, soda, water"

# replace all soda with juice
# try also drinks.replace("soda", "juice", 1) in order to
# replace only the first soda in the text!
new_drinks = drinks.replace("soda", "juice")
print(new_drinks)
print()

# commas to newlines!
new_drinks2 = new_drinks.replace(", ", "\n")
print(new_drinks2)
print()

# check if a string is inside a string
text = input("What would you like to drink?\n")

# check if text inside drinks
if text in drinks:
    print("Found it!")
else:
    print("That drink not available :(")

# NEW FILE

text = input("Give a number?\n")

# check if user actually gave a number or text
if text.isnumeric():
    print("User gave a number!")

    # we can now trust the user actually gave a number
    number = int(text)
    number = number * 2
    print(number)
else:
    print("User gave text!")

# NEW FILE

text = input("Are you student or adult? (a/s)\n")

# convert the user input to lowercase, ALWAYS
# without this, the if-statements would have to be something like
# if text == "a" or text == "A": etc
text = text.lower()

# check the result
if text == "a":
    print("Adult!")
elif text == "s":
    print("Student!")
else:
    print("Incorrect selection.")

# NEW FILE

# we have some code in try-block
# that might crash (converting text into integer)
# what if user writes text instead?
try:
    number = input("Give a number:\n")
    number = int(number)
    print(number)
except ValueError:
    # handle the error message!
    print("Please write a number instead.")

# NEW FILE

# we have some code in try-block
# that might crash (converting text into integer)
# what if user writes text instead?
try:
    number = input("Give a number:\n")
    number = int(number)
    result = 100 / number
    print(f"Number: {number}, result: {result}")
except ValueError:
    # handle the error message!
    print("Please write a number instead.")
except ZeroDivisionError:
    print("You can't divide by zero!")

# NEW FILE

# we have some code in try-block
# that might crash (converting text into integer)
# what if user writes text instead?
# you can also catch all errors with the generic
# except statement
try:
    number = input("Give a number:\n")
    number = int(number)
    result = 100 / number
    print(f"Number: {number}, result: {result}")
except Exception as e:
    print("Error: " + str(e))

# NEW FILE

# an example: we can have a client id following this format: C1234_4567
# the logic:
# exactly 10 characters long, sixth character has to be underscore
# last for characters has to be an integer

try:
    client = input("Give client id:\n")

    # get client id length
    text_length = len(client)

    # the client id should be exactly 10 characters long
    # sixth character should be an underscore
    if text_length != 10:
        print("Incorrect length for client id.")
    elif client[5] != "_":
        print("Underscore missing in client id.")
    else:
        print("Seems okay!")

        # use substring to get two parts out of client id
        id = client[0:5]
        order = client[6:10]
        order = int(order)

        print(id)
        print(order)

except Exception as e:
    print("Error: " + str(e))