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- Greg Malivuk
- http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - Notes from all classes.
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- Homework: 3-4 test
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- Stand up and ask yes/no questions. Find someone who has done the things on the handout. If someone says “yes” to your question, then ask for more information.
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- p. 58 part 1 - Guess the answers about this trip. Then listen and check.
- 1 almost 2000 miles
- 2 Gabon
- 3 working on a project
- 4 on foot and by boat
- 5 fifteen months
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- Read “Walking for wildlife”
- part 2 - Which questions go with each paragraph?
- 1 d
- 2 b
- 3 a
- 4 c
- 5 e
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- What is the tense in paragraph 2? Why?
- - present perfect; because these are things he did in the past but will also continue to do
- Paragraph 3?
- - simple past; because these are specific finished events (They can’t happen more in that time.)
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- Grammar: present perfect and simple past
- - present perfect includes the past but also the present and future: present perfect things can still happen
- - simple past only includes the past; the actions can’t happen again during the time we’re talking about
- I have had one cup of coffee today. = I finished one cup, and I might have more later.
- I had one cup of coffee today. = I’m finished with coffee for the day.
- I haven’t eaten breakfast today. = I still might. The time for breakfast isn’t finished.
- I didn’t eat breakfast today. = I won’t eat breakfast. My next food will be lunch or dinner.
- Present Perfect Form: have/has + past participle
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- part 7 - Complete the paragraph with the correct forms of the verbs.
- 1 have also flown
- 2 has done
- 3 once spent
- 4 didn’t have (“that journey” is the 11 months he spent walking the Pacific coast)
- 5 filled
- 6 has used (This happened “over the years”, which continues now.)
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- part 9 - Which expressions go with each tense?
- present perfect: already, since, so far, this month, for, in the last ten years
- simple past: in 2009, last summer, yesterday, for, a few years ago, once
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- since
- - Sometimes “since” means because, in which case it can go with any tense combination.
- - In a time clause, the verb with “since” is simple past, but the main clause is perfect.
- (“Since I moved to Boston, I have lived in three different places.”)
- once
- - Really, we can use this with both tenses, because we often use perfect to tell how many times:
- I have been to Spain twice and I’ve been to Germany once.
- I once got lost in Sevilla.
- be/go
- - For trips and activities that happened and finished (i.e. you came back), we often use “been”
- I have been to Thailand.
- I have been water-skiing and jet-skiing, but never windsurfing.
- - If someone has started a trip and is still there, we use “gone”
- She has gone to Thailand. She’ll be back in two weeks.
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- BREAK
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- p. 59 part 10 - Complete the sentences so they’re true for you and compare your answers with your partner.
- 1 I’ve improved my English a lot in the last five months.
- 2 I’ve lived in Boston for six months.
- 3 I’ve traveled many times.
- 4 I’ve already bought my MBTA pass for this month.
- 5 I had a great vacation one week ago.
- 6 I once worked in a company for two years.
- 7 I ate a salad yesterday at lunchtime.
- 8 After I left school, I went to college. / After I left school, I got lunch.
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- I went to Florida for Christmas. = In December, 2019, I traveled to Florida.
- I’ve been to Florida for Christmas. = At least one Christmas in my life was spent in Florida.
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- p. 60 - Where do you think these pictures are?
- A - Dubai, Singapore, maybe China, Australia / Hong Kong
- B - England, New Zealand, Ireland, Australia
- C - India, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Pakistan
- D - Japan, China, Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines / Bali, Indonesia
- crops = food plants
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- Vocabulary: describing destinations
- part 1 - Where can you find these things? (In the places in the pictures or somewhere else?)
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- Read the article about new vacation trends.
- What different types of vacations does the article mention?
- - spa vacations
- - safaris
- - bush camps
- - luxury historical tours
- - cruises
- - cultural tours
- - vacation packages
- - backpacking
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- “bush” in British English means basically the same as “wilderness”
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- Grammar: present perfect continuous
- form: have/has + been + verb(ing)
- meaning: action that started in the past and continues through the present
- (Very common to express how long something has been happening.)
- I’ve written a book. = I finished it.
- I’ve been writing a book. = I’m still writing it now.
- I’ve lived here for 12 years. = I’ve been living here for 12 years.
- Just like simple past vs. past continuous, present perfect continuous can give background information while present perfect tells about completed actions during that time.
- p. 61 part 8 - Match the activities with the results and combine them in sentences.
- 1 e - We’ve been tracking elephants today. We’ve taken some amazing photos.
- 2 a - I have been lying by the pool, and I have finished my book.
- 3 b - We’ve been looking for a cheap deal, but we haven’t found one.
- 4 c - I’ve been touring European cities, and I’ve seen dozens of churches.
- 5 f - We’ve been following the coastal path, and we have walked ten miles (16 km).
- 6 d - I’ve been visiting local markets, and I’ve spent a fortune.
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- p. 65
- Have you written a postcard?
- Read the postcard from Sydney. What examples of informal language can you find?
- abbreviations: bc = because, pics = pictures, ps
- informal expression: Hi, wow
- comments in parentheses
- exclamation marks
- leaving out words: (I got a) text from my uncle in Brisbane - (he) has found me a job…
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- Homework: write a postcard from a real or imagined trip using the informal features from p. 65 part 2a
- (DO NOT leave out words - this isn’t good practice at your level)
- Also: read p. 63 and do p. 62 parts 4, 5, 6 on p. 62
- (Also also: make sure you know the words in part 1 on p. 64)
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