FAT: A Documentary (2019)

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They were all in
agreement about what

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we could do for Charlie,
what the treatment

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options were, there was drugs,

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and there was brain surgery

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and you're out of luck, and so.

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It was a while ago but .

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So Charlie was born
March 11th, 1992,

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and he had a pretty
normal first year

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and then right around his first
birthday a little before
his first birthday

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I was actually pushing
him in a swing one day

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and he kind of threw
his arm up in the air

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and twitched his head
a little bit

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and I didn't even
think much of it

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and I asked my
wife Nancy, I said,

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have you seen anything like that

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and she said yeah,
I've seen a bunch of it.

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So that was the beginning and we

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started seeing neurologists.

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Okay, Charlie, okay.

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The seizures
increased in intensity

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and in duration, he
wound up having seizures

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in the arms of the Chief
of Pediatric Neurology

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at Boston Children's
Hospital, Seattle

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Children's Hospital, UCLA,
LA Children's Hospital

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so we tried all the drugs
that were available

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at the time. Charlie
had a brain surgery

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a horrendous brain
surgery and nothing

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really stopped his seizures
and we lost hope

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we were basically
told there was no hope.

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And one day after
the visit, I stopped

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at the Medical Library. As
soon as I started researching

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pediatric epilepsy,
one of the first things

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that came up was
a ketogenic diet

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and was kinda
shocking to me because

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what it said was, uh,
that about a third

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of the kids with epilepsy
as bad as Charlie

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um, who go
on a ketogenic diet have

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their seizures go away,
and another third

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are significantly
improved, and for a third

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it doesn't work, and
yet all of these folks

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that we had taken Charlie to see

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never mentioned
a word about diet.

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Nutrition information
can be so confusing and as
advanced as we are medically

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and scientifically, the question remains what foods should we
eat to achieve good health?

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We're in a war for information

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and the fallout
affects all of us.

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The media's just gonna sell what

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people are gonna
buy and if people

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knew the truth, they would
know what to ask for.

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My name is Vinnie
Tortorich and I've been

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in the health and fitness game

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for the better part of 40 years,

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specializing in weight loss.

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Over the years, I've seen
everything come and go

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at least a hundred times,
but as a country,

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we've only gotten fatter.

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What should I eat, what
pills should I take,

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should I take a pill, what
about those protein shakes?

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We all know someone who's
trying to lose weight

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and most of those
people don't realize

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simply losing weight
doesn't mean good health.

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My mother, for
instance, she was always

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on some diet, one week
it was the Cambridge Diet

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the next week it was
the Scarsdale diet,

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the next week it was
the Cabbage Soup diet.

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But wait a minute, the next week

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she ate nothing but bananas.

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Where did that come from?

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I always wonder about
things like eight,

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eight ounce glasses
of water per day.

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Really, where did
that come from?

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High blood pressure,
your doctor will say

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oh, you have high
blood pressure,

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stop drinking coffee, really?

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These are all just myths.

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The myths have become ingrained

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in our society far too strongly

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for people to realize
they're myths.

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What are some of the
health myths we hear every day?

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Grains are good for you
and fat is bad for you.

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Obesity is an energy
balance disorder.

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Calorie in, calorie out.

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Calories in, calories out

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as long as you're burning
enough calories,

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you can ingest
whatever you want.

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That you have to exercise
to have better health.

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Saturated fat is the cause
of heart disease.

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A low fat diet is
a healthy diet.

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We saw fat in the
coronary arteries

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and that must come
from ingested fat.

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A growing number of
doctors are learning

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that almost everything we're
taught about nutrition is wrong.

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And I realize there was
this incredible story

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that we had gotten
it pretty much

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completely upside down
and backward on fat.

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Believe it or not, the
story of how we got to where
we are today, started in

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the 1860s, with the
Seventh-day Adventist Church

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and a woman named Ellen White.

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Ellen was a higher
up in the church

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and she would have
these premonitions

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and one night she had a dream,
that God came to her

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and said that we
shouldn't eat anything

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-with a face.
-I was taken to another place

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high above this world and I

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I-- I heard a voice.

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There started
modern-day veganism.

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It really didn't exist before
then, there were other
religious groups

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who were more vegetarian,
they would eat eggs

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and dairy and so on and so forth

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and as a matter of fact,
God also told her

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that coffee and tea were bad,
which made no sense

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because both of those
are vegetation.

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Not long after in our
history, there was

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a man named
Vilhjalmur Stefansson.

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He also believed,
to a certain extent

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that a vegetable heavy
diet was mandatory

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for good health,
he was an explorer

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who ended up living with Inuits
in Canada in 1906 and
in that time and place

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he was forced to
adopt a new diet
due to the lack of options.

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He made a discovery
that will change
the way you look at food.

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Now this raises the whole
question of food, then.

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You yourself must have
longed for a green

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-vegetable once in a while.
-Well, I did at first.

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At first his
preconceived notion is

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I'm gonna die, there
is nothing green here.

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There is no
vegetation, they simply

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eat fish and drink water.

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It was unlike anything that
he'd experienced, right?

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Completely unlike
the Western diet,

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it was probably 70 to 80% fat,
the Inuit lived

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half the year on
caribou

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and half the year on whatever
they could fish out of the sea.

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For four and a half months,
I lived on literally nothing
but fish and water

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and at the end of four and
a half months, I was healthier
than I'd ever been before.

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And this is on an
exclusive meat diet?

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That was
exclusive fish in this case.

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On this diet, they
were perfectly healthy.

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I mean, Stefansson
was somebody from

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the medical world and
he knew what cancer

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looked like, he knew what
heart disease looked like

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and he did not see
anyone suffering

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from ill health
in that community.

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When he came back to
the United States,

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no one believed him, of course,

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what, people eating
nothing but meat and fat,

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how could that be, they
certainly would die.

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Dr. Charles Norris,
Chief Medical Examiner

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does not approve of
an all meat diet.

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We have a weakness
of not learning

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from the natives, but
rather teaching them.

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You see everything through
the colored spectacles

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of your education,
your bringing up.

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We go through this
whole idea of green good

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red bad, Greenpeace,
a light turns green

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it means go, eat your
greens, yet when you look

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at red, well red means
stop, blood is red,

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it doesn't take long
for media to pick up

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on these thing and we don't
realize it's happening

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but it's happening
right in front of us.

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It's 10 p.m.
do you know where

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your children are?

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Back to Ellen White
and her visions.

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Ellen was having
these premonitions

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and all of this was
happening, the rioting's

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were happening,
in the mid-1860s,

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but ten years earlier in
1856, a 12 year old boy

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came to work with the
church, his family

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was in a church and
that was John Kellogg.

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John, by the time he
was 16, was writing

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and putting out
literature for the church.

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He would go on to share
some of the most bizarre

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beliefs that Ellen White
and the church had

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including the idea
that masturbation

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and sex were off limits.

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Excuse me, Ricky.

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To stave off these
sins of the flesh,

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you should never eat
meat because meat

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increases sexual desire.
Well, this is what

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eventually led to Cornflakes.

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That's right,
Cornflakes were created

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by Seventh-day Adventists
to curb sexual desires.

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He was the guy who
figured out something

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that he termed
dextrinization, it's when

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you cook down grains
so much it turns

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into dextrose, it
turns into a sugar.

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Today when you see
dextrose in a product

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you should run in the
opposite direction.

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It's as bad as seeing
high-fructose corn syrup.

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It's used for bacon,
it's used in salami,

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all the luncheon
meats that you get

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includes dextrose
nowadays because

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it gives it a shelf
life, it's a way

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to cure it fast, it's
cheap, it's easy to do

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so something that
John Kellogg started

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way back in the day
has also seeped

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across to the other side,
into the meat industry.

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There are two issues,
there's always

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multiple questions, one
is if you switch from

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a standard American
diet of processed foods

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and sugary beverages
and, you know, for lack

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of a better word,
we'll call it junk

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and switch to a vegan
diet with healthy

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vegetables and beans
and legumes and fruit

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you're getting rid
of a lot of crap

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that's probably bad for you,
which is the sugar

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and the highly refined
processed foods.

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You would expect
somebody to feel better

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if they did that,
the second question is

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if you did that and switched to

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a whole food diet that
was animal food based

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rather than plant
based, would you be
would they be healthier?

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I have spent aggregated
more than six years

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on red meat that is
seal meat, caribou meat,

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muskox meat, polar bear,
grizzly bear, so on.

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The Stefansson diet
was considered

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an all meat diet, so what he did

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in 1928, was subjected
himself and a friend of his

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to living in a hospital,
being monitored

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for an entire year
eating nothing but meat

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fish and water, and that became
the famous Bellevue Study.

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The studies on Stefansson,
which were intensively made

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from every clinical angle, started on February 13th, 1928.

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Stefansson was tested
during the experiment

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with an excessively high
protein, minimal fat diet

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and as a result, became ill.

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Stefansson said the only
time that he felt ill

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was when he ate
too much lean meat

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not accompanied by the fat,
but that some thick steaks

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made him feel better
again .

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You have to have
fat with the lean

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as lean and fat together
make a perfect diet.

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At the end, there were six
publications that came out of
that experiment

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by different doctors looking at
whether or not they got enough
vitamins and minerals

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and everything
they could possibly
measure and they were found

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to be in perfect health.

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I wanted to try to
dispel from the world

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the same misconceptions
which I had

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of the Arctic when I went north.

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I used to think that
I was well-informed

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on the Arctic
before I went north,

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and-- but I concluded
eventually that out of

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ten things that I
believed about the Arctic

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before I went north,
about six were wrong.

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00:12:27,834 --> 00:12:30,750
The medical community
has been promoting

245
00:12:30,880 --> 00:12:33,622
saturated fat as
being the bad actor

246
00:12:33,753 --> 00:12:37,104
for heart disease mainly
and that really

247
00:12:37,234 --> 00:12:40,237
came from weak science
called epidemiology.

248
00:12:40,368 --> 00:12:42,936
Experimental evidence that shows

249
00:12:43,066 --> 00:12:45,765
that that's actually
true has never been done.

250
00:12:45,895 --> 00:12:47,810
For example, you
could radio label

251
00:12:47,941 --> 00:12:50,247
saturated fat in
the food and see

252
00:12:50,378 --> 00:12:53,294
if it shows up on the arteries.
That's never been done.

253
00:12:53,424 --> 00:12:55,992
The entire teaching
about saturated fat

254
00:12:56,123 --> 00:12:59,169
being bad for the heart
is not really

255
00:12:59,300 --> 00:13:00,780
founded in good science.

256
00:13:02,259 --> 00:13:04,784
It's not that the
information is not out there.

257
00:13:04,914 --> 00:13:07,003
I remember early on
when I was in college,

258
00:13:07,134 --> 00:13:09,919
I had a college professor
explain to us

259
00:13:10,050 --> 00:13:14,141
that fat was our body's
preferred source of energy.

260
00:13:14,271 --> 00:13:18,493
Okay, fat is a very
good way to have energy

261
00:13:18,623 --> 00:13:20,582
and that same professor
a couple of weeks

262
00:13:20,712 --> 00:13:23,715
later said, our
bodies prefer sugar

263
00:13:23,846 --> 00:13:26,806
when we do exercise.
Weren't we talking

264
00:13:26,936 --> 00:13:28,590
about fat just a
couple of weeks ago?

265
00:13:28,720 --> 00:13:30,592
Yeah, forget about
all that, it's sugar.

266
00:13:30,722 --> 00:13:33,813
So, the message even
in top universities

267
00:13:33,943 --> 00:13:34,901
right here in the United States

268
00:13:35,031 --> 00:13:36,728
are a bunch of mixed messages.

269
00:13:41,908 --> 00:13:43,910
Do I think there's
a big responsibility

270
00:13:44,040 --> 00:13:45,650
for media to do the right thing?

271
00:13:45,781 --> 00:13:48,305
Yes, I do, you know, we have
three big networks,

272
00:13:48,436 --> 00:13:51,265
the big three, ABC, CBS and NBC.

273
00:13:51,395 --> 00:13:53,745
Whatever they told us,
we went with.

274
00:13:53,876 --> 00:13:55,835
Hell, when I was a kid,
there was still

275
00:13:55,965 --> 00:13:57,793
even cigarette
commercials on the air.

276
00:13:57,924 --> 00:14:00,361
At least we figured out
that that was a bad idea.

277
00:14:00,491 --> 00:14:03,190
♪ Don't settle for
some of the taste ♪

278
00:14:03,320 --> 00:14:05,845
♪ Some of the time

279
00:14:05,975 --> 00:14:08,238
It's very easy to
see how someone

280
00:14:08,369 --> 00:14:10,327
can think something
or just say something

281
00:14:10,458 --> 00:14:12,895
and that becomes a reality.

282
00:14:13,026 --> 00:14:15,202
Breakfast,
no eggs or fatty meats

283
00:14:15,332 --> 00:14:17,117
instead, eat grains and fiber

284
00:14:17,247 --> 00:14:19,206
that actually lower cholesterol.

285
00:14:19,336 --> 00:14:21,686
How about the
term heart healthy grains.

286
00:14:21,817 --> 00:14:24,124
We've all seen it,
many people believe it.

287
00:14:24,254 --> 00:14:27,388
After all, the terms come from
studies that prove it
to be true, right?

288
00:14:27,518 --> 00:14:30,130
Those were studies
looking at whole grains

289
00:14:30,260 --> 00:14:33,916
versus white processed
flours and grains.

290
00:14:34,047 --> 00:14:35,570
So of course, when
you're comparing it

291
00:14:35,700 --> 00:14:37,920
to something like
white processed flour,

292
00:14:38,051 --> 00:14:40,662
it's going to be better,
but does that mean

293
00:14:40,792 --> 00:14:43,665
it in and of itself is
therefore heart healthy?

294
00:14:43,795 --> 00:14:47,277
You could make the
argument that whole grains

295
00:14:47,408 --> 00:14:51,064
are less bad for you
than refined grains

296
00:14:51,194 --> 00:14:54,197
but that doesn't make
whole grains good.

297
00:14:54,328 --> 00:14:58,114
Oatmeal, or oat bread,
or an oat muffin

298
00:14:58,245 --> 00:15:01,030
or oat bran that can
either incorporated

299
00:15:01,161 --> 00:15:03,032
into some other cereal product.

300
00:15:03,163 --> 00:15:04,773
It's like cigarettes,
you can have

301
00:15:04,904 --> 00:15:06,949
cigarettes with a filter on
and they're less

302
00:15:07,080 --> 00:15:10,518
bad for you perhaps than
unfiltered cigarettes.

303
00:15:10,648 --> 00:15:14,652
Doesn't make the
filtered cigarettes good.
It just means they're less bad

304
00:15:14,783 --> 00:15:18,221
and the same thing is true for
whole grains. They are less bad.

305
00:15:18,352 --> 00:15:22,008
We should put more emphasis on
our vegetables we should think
about the vegetables

306
00:15:22,138 --> 00:15:24,184
we're gonna have for dinner
rather than the meat portion.

307
00:15:24,314 --> 00:15:26,838
Listen I'm not
a doctor, I'm just a guy

308
00:15:26,969 --> 00:15:28,579
with a physical education degree

309
00:15:28,710 --> 00:15:30,451
who became a trainer and somehow

310
00:15:30,581 --> 00:15:32,453
found myself in the
world of modeling.

311
00:15:34,368 --> 00:15:36,370
Before I became
a trainer to the stars

312
00:15:36,500 --> 00:15:37,980
and eventually, a
best-selling author

313
00:15:38,111 --> 00:15:40,635
and podcaster, but
when I started modeling

314
00:15:40,765 --> 00:15:44,160
in LA in the early 90s, I
realized that the media will
sell us anything

315
00:15:44,291 --> 00:15:47,207
to make a buck, regardless of
whether it's healthy or not.

316
00:15:47,337 --> 00:15:49,383
Let's face it, every
beer commercial

317
00:15:49,513 --> 00:15:52,560
you've ever seen is a
bunch of ripped-up guys

318
00:15:52,690 --> 00:15:54,301
on a beach playing
volleyball because

319
00:15:54,431 --> 00:15:55,955
that's what beer
drinkers look like.

320
00:16:00,698 --> 00:16:03,179
If you have ripped up abs
or you have

321
00:16:03,310 --> 00:16:06,661
a nice set of shoulders,
they want you

322
00:16:06,791 --> 00:16:09,011
modeling everything
in the infomercials.

323
00:16:09,142 --> 00:16:11,448
It was the heyday
of the infomercial.

324
00:16:11,579 --> 00:16:13,842
If we
think fat, then we are.

325
00:16:13,973 --> 00:16:15,583
Fad diets,
powders, pills,

326
00:16:15,713 --> 00:16:17,889
still my weight's been
up and down like a yo-yo

327
00:16:18,020 --> 00:16:19,543
until the Ayds Plan
taught me how to

328
00:16:19,674 --> 00:16:21,371
take off weight and
help keep it off.

329
00:16:21,502 --> 00:16:23,330
Just 20 minutes a day will turn

330
00:16:23,460 --> 00:16:25,680
your body into a
calorie burning furnace.

331
00:16:25,810 --> 00:16:28,422
We were coming into
this age of, hey,

332
00:16:28,552 --> 00:16:30,728
if you just do what I tell you,

333
00:16:30,859 --> 00:16:34,732
you can look like this guy
or this woman in just
a few weeks.

334
00:16:34,863 --> 00:16:38,258
Dexatrim did it, I lost
weight and feel great!

335
00:16:38,388 --> 00:16:40,695
Nobody wanted the truth,
they just wanted

336
00:16:40,825 --> 00:16:43,002
a lie that they could
get everyone to believe.

337
00:16:43,132 --> 00:16:45,439
Now you can
lose weight without diets...

338
00:16:45,569 --> 00:16:47,136
No, this product
really doesn't work.

339
00:16:47,267 --> 00:16:48,398
...without pills.

340
00:16:48,529 --> 00:16:50,096
No, that product
really doesn't work.

341
00:16:50,226 --> 00:16:51,967
...without exercise.

342
00:16:52,098 --> 00:16:53,534
Well, what does work?

343
00:16:53,664 --> 00:16:54,796
Now you can lose weight

344
00:16:54,926 --> 00:16:56,276
just by watching television.

345
00:16:56,406 --> 00:16:58,626
So I learned very
quickly, be careful

346
00:16:58,756 --> 00:16:59,627
as to what you advertise.

347
00:17:09,332 --> 00:17:11,552
The 1920s and 30s it
was a lot different,

348
00:17:11,682 --> 00:17:14,120
we were learning a lot
of things back then.

349
00:17:14,250 --> 00:17:17,166
We were discovering
vitamins for the first time.

350
00:17:17,297 --> 00:17:20,648
Uh, we also learned
that food could heal

351
00:17:20,778 --> 00:17:22,780
and a lot of these
therapies are what

352
00:17:22,911 --> 00:17:24,913
were being used to heal people.

353
00:17:25,044 --> 00:17:28,656
They were using non-starchy,
non-sugary diets

354
00:17:28,786 --> 00:17:32,703
to starve cancer in
the 1920s and 30s.

355
00:17:33,139 --> 00:17:34,792
Take Otto Warburg for instance.

356
00:17:34,923 --> 00:17:37,360
He was doing cancer
studies on rats.

357
00:17:42,670 --> 00:17:44,367
He thought that the
outcome would be

358
00:17:44,498 --> 00:17:46,804
that oxygen was what was fueling

359
00:17:46,935 --> 00:17:49,633
cancer cells to grow
and what he learned

360
00:17:49,764 --> 00:17:52,419
with rats was that it
was actually the sugar.

361
00:17:52,854 --> 00:17:54,247
♪ Eat an apple everyday

362
00:18:15,920 --> 00:18:18,140
His discovery was well known as

363
00:18:18,271 --> 00:18:21,274
the Warburg Effect and
it was shown to help

364
00:18:21,404 --> 00:18:24,233
in somewhere near
80% of the cases

365
00:18:24,364 --> 00:18:27,193
of people who had cancer.
Why does it feel like

366
00:18:27,323 --> 00:18:28,672
no one knows this information?

367
00:18:32,981 --> 00:18:35,114
We were making
these discoveries.

368
00:18:35,244 --> 00:18:38,029
So what else contributed
to them not taking hold?

369
00:18:38,160 --> 00:18:40,771
We had a Great
Depression and then
we had a war,

370
00:18:40,902 --> 00:18:44,253
a lot of people were having
trouble putting food
in their mouth, period,

371
00:18:44,384 --> 00:18:47,909
so I don't think people were
caring that much about their
health, people were just

372
00:18:48,039 --> 00:18:50,912
trying to eat anything,
people didn't eat out as much.

373
00:18:51,042 --> 00:18:53,132
We made home-made dressings,
you didn't have

374
00:18:53,262 --> 00:18:55,525
dressings that were
full of processed oils

375
00:18:55,656 --> 00:18:58,180
and we weren't adding
high-fructose corn syrup

376
00:18:58,311 --> 00:19:02,576
to everything that we ate,
we ate real whole foods

377
00:19:02,706 --> 00:19:04,273
that were cooked at home.

378
00:19:04,404 --> 00:19:06,623
Even fast food
was different back

379
00:19:06,754 --> 00:19:10,236
in the 1940s and 50s.
If you had french fries

380
00:19:10,366 --> 00:19:13,108
they were made from
rendered animal fat.

381
00:19:13,239 --> 00:19:16,285
Basically beef tallow,
which was a better way

382
00:19:16,416 --> 00:19:19,245
to cook junk food,
so even our junk food

383
00:19:19,375 --> 00:19:22,422
was better in the
1940s and 50s and 60s.

384
00:19:27,253 --> 00:19:30,169
It wasn't until we
got to the 1950s

385
00:19:30,299 --> 00:19:33,172
where people start to
become more prosperous.

386
00:19:36,262 --> 00:19:38,046
We saw the advent of TV dinners

387
00:19:38,177 --> 00:19:39,482
and other stuff and more sugar

388
00:19:39,613 --> 00:19:42,006
and processed foods
came from everywhere.

389
00:19:43,921 --> 00:19:48,491
But what really happens
happened in 1955

390
00:19:48,622 --> 00:19:51,581
when one of the most popular
Presidents of our time,

391
00:19:51,712 --> 00:19:54,323
Dwight D. Eisenhower,
had a heart attack.

392
00:19:56,543 --> 00:19:58,371
News of
President Eisenhower's

393
00:19:58,501 --> 00:20:00,329
sudden illness,
described by his doctors

394
00:20:00,460 --> 00:20:03,724
as coronary thrombosis, came as a severe shock to us all.

395
00:20:03,854 --> 00:20:07,380
Films of President Eisenhower
made just before
his heart attack

396
00:20:07,510 --> 00:20:11,253
are dramatic evidence of the
suddenness of the illness that
shocked the nation.

397
00:20:11,384 --> 00:20:13,037
President
Eisenhower's heart attack...

398
00:20:23,526 --> 00:20:26,225
Well, if he could die, what
could happen to me?

399
00:20:26,355 --> 00:20:27,835
You have to understand,
this is a period

400
00:20:27,965 --> 00:20:30,316
in the 1950s when America is in

401
00:20:30,446 --> 00:20:33,057
a complete panic about the
rising tide of heart disease.

402
00:20:33,188 --> 00:20:35,408
Before that, we never
thought about heart attacks,

403
00:20:35,538 --> 00:20:37,627
we never thought about
health and fitness,

404
00:20:37,758 --> 00:20:39,455
we didn't think abut
the food we were eating.

405
00:20:39,586 --> 00:20:42,632
No one back in the 1950s
knew what

406
00:20:42,763 --> 00:20:45,374
their cholesterol
score was, much less

407
00:20:45,505 --> 00:20:47,768
even knew what the
world cholesterol meant.

408
00:21:05,351 --> 00:21:07,875
Cholesterol is kind of
a fat type molecule,

409
00:21:08,005 --> 00:21:10,660
it's in all of our cells,
30 trillion cells.

410
00:21:10,791 --> 00:21:12,488
Cholesterol is
actually so important

411
00:21:12,619 --> 00:21:14,447
to the body that
it actually makes

412
00:21:14,577 --> 00:21:16,623
the majority of cholesterol
that's in your blood

413
00:21:16,753 --> 00:21:19,147
right now, most of the
dietary cholesterol

414
00:21:19,278 --> 00:21:22,193
you eat will go through you
and very little

415
00:21:22,324 --> 00:21:24,326
actually gets absorbed,
and of that cholesterol

416
00:21:24,457 --> 00:21:27,764
you find in the blood, most
of it was made by your liver.

417
00:21:27,895 --> 00:21:30,158
It is an essential
of nerve tissue for instance...

418
00:21:41,169 --> 00:21:44,433
If you eat more cholesterol,
your body will make less,
if you eat less

419
00:21:44,564 --> 00:21:47,306
your body will make more,
which makes it very interesting

420
00:21:47,436 --> 00:21:49,786
that it was maligned in
the past few decades.

421
00:21:49,917 --> 00:21:52,398
Heart disease had been rare in

422
00:21:52,528 --> 00:21:54,791
the early 1900s and
had really risen

423
00:21:54,922 --> 00:21:57,272
since the late 1920s
to be the number one

424
00:21:57,403 --> 00:21:59,318
killer disease by the 1950s.

425
00:21:59,448 --> 00:22:02,016
We took a collective gasp
in this country.

426
00:22:02,146 --> 00:22:04,235
We didn't wanna have another
President die in office.

427
00:22:04,366 --> 00:22:06,150
Just imagine your
President not being

428
00:22:06,281 --> 00:22:08,805
in the Oval Office for
ten days and he's in bed.

429
00:22:08,936 --> 00:22:10,503
Besides, this guy
was very popular,

430
00:22:10,633 --> 00:22:13,070
people wanted to find out
what caused it.

431
00:22:13,201 --> 00:22:15,725
Could it have been
his diet, and if so,

432
00:22:15,856 --> 00:22:18,075
what was he eating and
how can we change it?

433
00:22:18,206 --> 00:22:22,341
This is also the time when the
media was more prevalent.

434
00:22:22,471 --> 00:22:24,604
Motion picture cameras join newspaper reporters

435
00:22:24,647 --> 00:22:26,388
in the old
State Department building

436
00:22:26,432 --> 00:22:29,043
for an historic
Presidential press conference.

437
00:22:29,173 --> 00:22:31,437
The first ever filmed in
sound by newsreel cameramen.

438
00:22:31,567 --> 00:22:33,352
I see we're trying
a new experiment

439
00:22:33,482 --> 00:22:35,658
this morning, I hope
it doesn't prove

440
00:22:35,789 --> 00:22:37,138
to be a disturbing influence.

441
00:22:46,800 --> 00:22:49,019
The power of media,
you can't really

442
00:22:49,150 --> 00:22:52,632
tell that story without telling
the story of Oprah Winfrey.

443
00:22:53,197 --> 00:22:57,680
It was 1993 and by
happenstance, I was put
up for an appearance on Oprah.

444
00:22:57,811 --> 00:23:01,510
They needed someone the next
day. They were looking for
younger men who were dating

445
00:23:01,641 --> 00:23:06,210
older women and since my
girlfriend was seven years older
at the time, I was invited on.

446
00:23:06,341 --> 00:23:09,692
I wasn't into it, I had no idea
what really happened on Oprah,

447
00:23:09,823 --> 00:23:11,651
but I was told no,
you have to do it,

448
00:23:11,781 --> 00:23:13,392
it'll be great for your career.

449
00:23:13,522 --> 00:23:15,394
So they fly me
to Chicago and I get

450
00:23:15,524 --> 00:23:17,396
to the green room,
I was introduced

451
00:23:17,526 --> 00:23:18,788
to a woman named Doe.

452
00:23:20,616 --> 00:23:24,403
The theme of the show
was younger men

453
00:23:24,533 --> 00:23:26,753
who were dating older women.

454
00:23:26,883 --> 00:23:28,407
Older women having the courage

455
00:23:28,537 --> 00:23:29,712
to live their dreams and fulfill

456
00:23:29,843 --> 00:23:31,453
their fantasies and
live their lives

457
00:23:31,584 --> 00:23:33,542
exactly the way they wanted to,

458
00:23:33,673 --> 00:23:36,850
including dating younger men.

459
00:23:36,980 --> 00:23:41,202
Doe said that I
would have to pretend

460
00:23:41,332 --> 00:23:44,379
that I was dating her and I said
what are you talking about?

461
00:23:44,510 --> 00:23:46,773
My guests today,
they're all members

462
00:23:46,903 --> 00:23:49,863
of a provocative new
kind of dating service.

463
00:23:49,993 --> 00:23:52,300
I told her that I
would not go on stage

464
00:23:52,431 --> 00:23:54,041
and lie, that I
would go on stage

465
00:23:54,171 --> 00:23:55,825
and sit next to Doe,
but I would not say

466
00:23:55,956 --> 00:23:58,132
that we dated,
I quickly realized

467
00:23:58,262 --> 00:24:00,482
that I had been
bamboozled, because Doe

468
00:24:00,613 --> 00:24:01,875
introduced me as her boyfriend.

469
00:24:02,005 --> 00:24:04,051
I'd like you meet
Vinnie Tortorich,

470
00:24:04,181 --> 00:24:06,009
he's a Beverly Hills
fitness expert,

471
00:24:06,140 --> 00:24:08,490
he's hot, sweet, he loves women

472
00:24:08,621 --> 00:24:10,666
and he's emotionally accessible.

473
00:24:10,797 --> 00:24:12,233
-Ah, get out of here.

474
00:24:12,363 --> 00:24:13,713
I couldn't believe
what was happening

475
00:24:13,843 --> 00:24:17,107
and at that moment,
I said to myself,

476
00:24:17,238 --> 00:24:20,937
I'm gonna turn this
into not the Oprah show
but the Vinnie show.

477
00:24:21,068 --> 00:24:22,939
Number one, women don't even hit

478
00:24:23,070 --> 00:24:25,376
their sexual prime
until they hit 40,

479
00:24:25,507 --> 00:24:27,422
they don't even know what's
going on until they're 40!

480
00:24:30,556 --> 00:24:32,035
I've been dating older women--

481
00:24:32,166 --> 00:24:34,560
-Gee, I'm only 39!

482
00:24:34,690 --> 00:24:37,867
I'm gonna make this show so bad
that they won't possibly

483
00:24:37,911 --> 00:24:39,913
be able to run it
on national television.

484
00:24:40,043 --> 00:24:42,437
You wanna be with an older
woman, it's the difference
between riding in

485
00:24:42,481 --> 00:24:45,571
a Volkswagen and a Cadillac.
If you wanna ride
in a Volkswagen,

486
00:24:45,701 --> 00:24:47,007
go right ahead, if
you want the Cadillac,

487
00:24:47,137 --> 00:24:49,009
-go for an older woman.
-Well, now--

488
00:24:51,402 --> 00:24:53,056
It turned into a circus,
the people

489
00:24:53,187 --> 00:24:55,972
in the audience actually
believed all this.

490
00:24:56,103 --> 00:24:57,713
Doe and I had just met.

491
00:24:57,844 --> 00:25:00,107
It was like the audience
was participating

492
00:25:00,237 --> 00:25:01,891
in this huge game of Mad Libs.

493
00:25:02,022 --> 00:25:03,371
Two different generations.

494
00:25:03,502 --> 00:25:05,504
How was school, oh I
learned arithmetic.

495
00:25:05,634 --> 00:25:07,680
I don't see how two people
can have something in common

496
00:25:07,723 --> 00:25:08,942
if they're not the same age.

497
00:25:09,072 --> 00:25:10,334
It seems like people are
treating this

498
00:25:10,378 --> 00:25:11,466
like some sort of fetish.

499
00:25:11,597 --> 00:25:12,423
What could you possible

500
00:25:12,467 --> 00:25:13,337
have in common?

501
00:25:13,468 --> 00:25:14,513
Let's say Cher

502
00:25:14,556 --> 00:25:15,514
walked into the room

503
00:25:15,644 --> 00:25:17,472
and said she had to have you.

504
00:25:21,215 --> 00:25:23,391
Sally, get Cher on the phone!

505
00:25:23,522 --> 00:25:26,916
I ended up asking
Cher out on a date

506
00:25:27,047 --> 00:25:29,528
-during the show.
-Cher is on the phone.

507
00:25:29,658 --> 00:25:31,573
Cher, my name is
Vinnie Tortorich and...

508
00:25:33,923 --> 00:25:35,272
I wanna say this in front
of the whole country.

509
00:25:35,316 --> 00:25:36,709
-Is the camera on me?
-Yeah, the cameras on you.

510
00:25:36,752 --> 00:25:40,016
Cher, I live in Beverly Hills,
let's get together

511
00:25:40,147 --> 00:25:43,106
and have lunch, I'll have my
agent call your agent,
and we'll do it

512
00:25:43,150 --> 00:25:44,455
because we'll have a great time.

513
00:25:44,586 --> 00:25:46,806
No matter how outlandish I got,

514
00:25:46,936 --> 00:25:48,329
they seemed to enjoy it
more and more.

515
00:25:48,459 --> 00:25:50,505
What I wanna know
is from the ladies

516
00:25:50,636 --> 00:25:53,073
in the audience, should I
have lunch with this guy?

517
00:25:53,987 --> 00:25:55,728
As a matter of fact,
you can see Oprah,

518
00:25:55,858 --> 00:25:57,773
Oprah started dancing
in the aisles.

519
00:26:01,908 --> 00:26:03,779
The show ended
and I went back to LA

520
00:26:03,910 --> 00:26:05,738
and I just assumed, well
that show's gonna bomb.

521
00:26:05,868 --> 00:26:07,957
As of last year,
it was the seventh

522
00:26:08,088 --> 00:26:10,612
highest rated show
in Oprah's history.

523
00:26:10,743 --> 00:26:13,093
People still recognize
me for it today

524
00:26:13,223 --> 00:26:15,574
and virtually none
of it was true.

525
00:26:15,704 --> 00:26:18,185
I took that
realization that media

526
00:26:18,315 --> 00:26:19,316
can change everything.

527
00:26:20,579 --> 00:26:23,146
Eisenhower has a heart
attack and he wants

528
00:26:23,277 --> 00:26:24,713
the whole country
to know that this

529
00:26:24,844 --> 00:26:26,976
-was a real issue.
-I am happy the doctors

530
00:26:27,107 --> 00:26:31,590
have given me at least
a parole if not a pardon

531
00:26:31,720 --> 00:26:35,594
and I expect to be back
at my accustomed duties

532
00:26:35,724 --> 00:26:37,857
although they say
I must ease my way

533
00:26:37,987 --> 00:26:40,468
into 'em and not
bulldoze my way into 'em.

534
00:26:40,599 --> 00:26:42,339
But the media had other ideas.

535
00:26:42,470 --> 00:26:44,603
They have their own agenda, ah,

536
00:26:44,733 --> 00:26:46,605
he had the common
cold of heart attacks,

537
00:26:46,735 --> 00:26:48,171
he didn't really have a bad one.

538
00:26:48,302 --> 00:26:50,086
The media was trying to show him

539
00:26:50,217 --> 00:26:52,611
on the golf course, having
a great round of golf.

540
00:26:55,526 --> 00:26:59,443
It was thought that diet was
the cause. He was also like
a four pack a day smoker.

541
00:26:59,574 --> 00:27:02,490
Which may very well have
given him his heart attack.

542
00:27:02,621 --> 00:27:04,623
Yes, according to this survey,

543
00:27:04,753 --> 00:27:08,061
more doctors smoke Camel
than any other cigarette.

544
00:27:08,191 --> 00:27:09,671
Try Camels yourself.

545
00:27:09,802 --> 00:27:12,413
Right around that time,
enters Ancel Keys.

546
00:27:14,720 --> 00:27:16,635
Ancel Keys was a pathologist

547
00:27:16,765 --> 00:27:18,332
at the University of Minnesota.

548
00:27:18,462 --> 00:27:23,554
He got the idea in the
1950s that saturated fat

549
00:27:23,685 --> 00:27:26,383
and cholesterol were what
caused heart diseases.

550
00:27:26,514 --> 00:27:32,172
It strikes without warning.
Of ten men, we can
expect five to get it.

551
00:27:35,958 --> 00:27:40,571
But we can't say
who or when or why.

552
00:27:41,181 --> 00:27:44,663
Ancel Keys was this
incredibly persuasive person.

553
00:27:44,793 --> 00:27:49,145
He had a really outsized
belief in his own ideas.

554
00:27:49,276 --> 00:27:52,105
The facts are simple,
you know the chief killer

555
00:27:52,235 --> 00:27:54,803
of Americans is
cardiovascular disease.

556
00:27:54,934 --> 00:27:57,719
Disorders and degeneration of
the heart and blood vessels.

557
00:27:59,634 --> 00:28:01,288
Here are vital statistics.

558
00:28:03,203 --> 00:28:06,336
They show that this
problem here in America
is the worst in the world.

559
00:28:06,467 --> 00:28:08,687
Ancel Keys was
famous for something

560
00:28:08,817 --> 00:28:10,427
called the Seven
Countries Study.

561
00:28:10,558 --> 00:28:11,733
This is where he
went and studied

562
00:28:11,864 --> 00:28:14,867
seven different countries
and came up with

563
00:28:14,997 --> 00:28:18,000
this hypothesis as to
how we're supposed to eat

564
00:28:18,131 --> 00:28:19,436
based on correlation.

565
00:28:19,567 --> 00:28:21,090
Ancel Keys is the
one who proposed

566
00:28:21,221 --> 00:28:22,701
what he called the
Diet Heart Hypothesis

567
00:28:22,831 --> 00:28:26,008
and that was that saturated
fat and cholesterol,

568
00:28:26,139 --> 00:28:28,750
dietary cholesterol would
give you a heart attack,

569
00:28:28,881 --> 00:28:32,754
especially saturated fat,
like hot oil

570
00:28:32,885 --> 00:28:35,017
down a cold stove pipe,
it would just

571
00:28:35,148 --> 00:28:37,280
clog up your arteries and
give you a heart attack.

572
00:28:37,411 --> 00:28:39,718
The problem is, he cherry picked

573
00:28:39,848 --> 00:28:42,503
these countries
to fit what he was

574
00:28:42,633 --> 00:28:44,592
trying to hypothesize
and set out

575
00:28:44,723 --> 00:28:46,246
to prove that the
more calories you got

576
00:28:46,376 --> 00:28:47,726
from fat, the better
chance you had

577
00:28:47,856 --> 00:28:49,553
of getting heart disease.

578
00:28:49,684 --> 00:28:51,686
It seemed like a
straight line between

579
00:28:51,817 --> 00:28:54,471
the least fat consumed
and the most fat consumed

580
00:28:54,602 --> 00:28:55,908
with the US at the top.

581
00:28:56,473 --> 00:28:59,999
The only problem is,
Key studied 22 countries

582
00:29:00,129 --> 00:29:01,827
and if you factor in
all of those countries,

583
00:29:01,957 --> 00:29:03,829
the results are
all over the place.

584
00:29:04,830 --> 00:29:06,483
He just took the seven countries

585
00:29:06,614 --> 00:29:09,312
that proved his point that
fat causes heart disease.

586
00:29:09,443 --> 00:29:11,793
This study made Keys
the temporary savior

587
00:29:11,924 --> 00:29:14,622
of the medical community,
and therefore, the world.

588
00:29:14,753 --> 00:29:16,755
Such that he was able to get on

589
00:29:16,885 --> 00:29:19,627
to the American Heart
Association Nutrition Committee

590
00:29:19,758 --> 00:29:21,890
and he turned the whole
Association around

591
00:29:22,021 --> 00:29:24,806
in one year and
got them, in 1961

592
00:29:24,937 --> 00:29:27,200
to recommend that all Americans

593
00:29:27,330 --> 00:29:29,768
restrict saturated fat
and cholesterol

594
00:29:29,898 --> 00:29:32,248
in their diets in order
to fight heart disease.

595
00:29:49,483 --> 00:29:52,268
This is the first advice
anywhere in the world

596
00:29:52,399 --> 00:29:54,575
telling people not
to eat saturated fat

597
00:29:54,705 --> 00:29:56,838
and cholesterol to
fight heart attacks

598
00:29:56,969 --> 00:29:59,145
that's like the
beginning of it all.

599
00:29:59,275 --> 00:30:02,017
That is what just
blossomed, bloomed,

600
00:30:02,148 --> 00:30:05,325
grew into the giant oak tree
of advice that we have now.

601
00:30:05,455 --> 00:30:08,676
We have no credible
evidence to say

602
00:30:08,807 --> 00:30:11,461
that saturated fat
causes heart disease

603
00:30:11,592 --> 00:30:14,073
and that sounds crazy
to say when you look

604
00:30:14,203 --> 00:30:16,815
at our Government guidelines
and our dietary guidelines,

605
00:30:16,945 --> 00:30:20,688
but there is no high level,
credible evidence

606
00:30:20,819 --> 00:30:24,387
to show that saturated fat
causes heart disease.

607
00:30:24,518 --> 00:30:25,649
The interesting
thing about Key's

608
00:30:25,780 --> 00:30:27,826
he got virtually
everything wrong,

609
00:30:27,956 --> 00:30:31,220
but it never infected
his humility.

610
00:30:34,310 --> 00:30:35,529
We're living in a time right now

611
00:30:35,659 --> 00:30:37,096
when we've had a
narcissistic term

612
00:30:37,226 --> 00:30:39,011
people are very primitive
and narcissistic

613
00:30:39,141 --> 00:30:40,403
a lot of injuries in childhood,

614
00:30:40,534 --> 00:30:43,363
and it has caused us
to, umm, perhaps not

615
00:30:43,493 --> 00:30:45,452
have the most
secure sense of self

616
00:30:45,582 --> 00:30:48,194
and identity. People
attach themselves

617
00:30:48,324 --> 00:30:50,936
to one particular
approach to diet

618
00:30:51,066 --> 00:30:53,373
and it develops into an identity

619
00:30:53,503 --> 00:30:56,680
around which people
maintain a religious

620
00:30:56,811 --> 00:30:59,683
intensity, they
defend it as though

621
00:30:59,814 --> 00:31:02,599
any question in
their dogma is like

622
00:31:02,730 --> 00:31:04,645
you're questioning
their religious dogma

623
00:31:04,775 --> 00:31:07,909
or threatening their very sense
of the fabric of reality and so

624
00:31:08,040 --> 00:31:12,348
we start looking around for
things to attach ourselves to
and political groups,

625
00:31:12,479 --> 00:31:16,135
religious organizations,
different diet fads.

626
00:31:16,265 --> 00:31:18,615
We attach ourselves
to these groups

627
00:31:18,746 --> 00:31:21,096
and we look to the groups
for our identity

628
00:31:21,227 --> 00:31:23,882
so our going forward
in life is somehow

629
00:31:24,012 --> 00:31:25,884
threatened by somebody saying,

630
00:31:26,014 --> 00:31:27,929
hey maybe fat's
not so bad for you.

631
00:31:28,060 --> 00:31:32,586
It's positively comedic but
it's becoming ridiculous.

632
00:31:32,716 --> 00:31:34,980
The United States'
coronary heart disease

633
00:31:35,110 --> 00:31:38,505
is so common that you
all wanna have to do

634
00:31:38,635 --> 00:31:41,334
to study the complete
natural history

635
00:31:41,464 --> 00:31:43,902
of the disease is to
take a sample of men,

636
00:31:44,032 --> 00:31:47,949
any sample of men that are known
healthy follow them, wait
a little while,

637
00:31:48,080 --> 00:31:50,082
and a lot of them will have
coronary heart disease.

638
00:31:50,212 --> 00:31:53,041
But it wasn't very long
before it appeared

639
00:31:53,172 --> 00:31:56,001
there was some
connection between

640
00:31:56,131 --> 00:31:58,917
coronary heart disease and
cholesterol in the blood.

641
00:31:59,047 --> 00:32:02,398
No question, we hear over
and over and over again

642
00:32:02,529 --> 00:32:04,574
that cholesterol
equals mortality.

643
00:32:04,705 --> 00:32:06,446
We've seen it in
the commercials.

644
00:32:06,576 --> 00:32:07,969
Fleischmann's margarine!

645
00:32:08,100 --> 00:32:09,579
It's the only leading
margarine made

646
00:32:09,710 --> 00:32:12,582
from 100% corn oil,
it has no cholesterol!

647
00:32:12,713 --> 00:32:15,063
We've heard about
it from our doctor.

648
00:32:15,194 --> 00:32:17,761
Over time, the build up
on the walls of
veins and arteries

649
00:32:17,892 --> 00:32:19,938
helping to clog them,
restricting blood flow,

650
00:32:20,068 --> 00:32:22,331
it's what causes heart
attacks and strokes.

651
00:32:22,462 --> 00:32:25,726
We've heard about it plenty
of times from our friends
and our family,

652
00:32:25,856 --> 00:32:29,817
and because of that,
we tend to think
it's just simply the truth.

653
00:32:29,948 --> 00:32:32,559
It certainly has the degree of
repetition that we would expect.

654
00:32:32,689 --> 00:32:35,388
In the 60s and 70s
we were focusing

655
00:32:35,518 --> 00:32:38,217
more on the specific
types of cholesterol,

656
00:32:38,347 --> 00:32:43,483
LDL and HDL and LDL became
known as the bad cholesterol

657
00:32:43,613 --> 00:32:47,139
and all of a sudden,
medicine was focused on LDL.

658
00:32:47,269 --> 00:32:49,706
It was noticed that
higher cholesterol

659
00:32:49,837 --> 00:32:52,057
in the blood
appeared to correlate

660
00:32:52,187 --> 00:32:54,973
or track with higher
heart disease rates.

661
00:32:55,103 --> 00:32:58,977
Cholesterol is carried
in the blood by proteins called low density lipoproteins,

662
00:32:59,107 --> 00:33:01,631
or LDLs, the more
cholesterol we eat

663
00:33:01,762 --> 00:33:04,156
the more the number of LDLs,
and that's dangerous.

664
00:33:04,286 --> 00:33:06,375
So essentially, the
idea was developed

665
00:33:06,506 --> 00:33:08,116
that the higher
cholesterol was getting

666
00:33:08,247 --> 00:33:10,901
in to your arteries
and was causing

667
00:33:11,032 --> 00:33:12,381
the arterial disease.

668
00:33:12,512 --> 00:33:15,906
Because the higher that
lipoprotein level goes

669
00:33:16,037 --> 00:33:17,647
the greater the risk
of heart disease.

670
00:33:17,778 --> 00:33:21,129
There are some studies
that show a correlation.

671
00:33:21,260 --> 00:33:23,044
Does that mean
causation, and this

672
00:33:23,175 --> 00:33:25,525
is a very important
differentiation

673
00:33:25,655 --> 00:33:28,745
that is too infrequently made.

674
00:33:28,876 --> 00:33:30,443
Because something is correlated,

675
00:33:30,573 --> 00:33:32,575
doesn't mean it is the cause.

676
00:33:32,706 --> 00:33:35,013
So if high
cholesterol is present

677
00:33:35,143 --> 00:33:37,624
in people who are
having heart disease

678
00:33:37,754 --> 00:33:39,191
we have to look a little further

679
00:33:39,321 --> 00:33:41,715
as to why that is and if
there are other factors.

680
00:33:41,845 --> 00:33:43,717
When you really
look at the studies

681
00:33:43,847 --> 00:33:46,415
and you crunch the
data, LDL is not

682
00:33:46,546 --> 00:33:48,417
the best marker
for heart disease.

683
00:33:48,548 --> 00:33:51,333
What's even more
powerful, are your ratios.

684
00:33:51,464 --> 00:33:54,467
So whether it's your total
cholesterol to HDL ratio

685
00:33:54,597 --> 00:33:57,122
or your triglyceride
to HDL ratio.

686
00:33:57,252 --> 00:34:01,256
Those have better predictive
value than LDL itself.

687
00:34:01,387 --> 00:34:04,042
The ratios indicate your level

688
00:34:04,172 --> 00:34:07,132
of insulin sensitivity
or insulin resistance

689
00:34:07,262 --> 00:34:08,916
so the best cholesterol measures

690
00:34:09,047 --> 00:34:11,092
are not actually
even talking about

691
00:34:11,223 --> 00:34:14,182
a cholesterol thing,
they are indirectly

692
00:34:14,313 --> 00:34:16,445
talking about insulin
resistance and health.

693
00:34:16,576 --> 00:34:21,711
A lot of the fat research, well
look we saw fat in
the coronary arteries

694
00:34:21,842 --> 00:34:24,279
and we thought that fat must
be coming from somewhere,
it must come from

695
00:34:24,410 --> 00:34:25,976
circulating fat and
that must come from

696
00:34:26,107 --> 00:34:29,023
ingested fat, it was a very
simplistic kind of idea.

697
00:34:29,154 --> 00:34:34,159
The contrary opinion,
the alternative hypothesis

698
00:34:34,289 --> 00:34:37,075
which has been
around for, ooh, a couple

699
00:34:37,205 --> 00:34:40,078
of hundred years,
is that we get fat

700
00:34:40,208 --> 00:34:43,168
because we eat
carbohydrates like pasta

701
00:34:43,298 --> 00:34:45,083
potatoes, bread, they
used to be called

702
00:34:45,213 --> 00:34:49,957
simple carbohydrates,
uhm, now the terminology

703
00:34:50,088 --> 00:34:51,611
is changing to
adjust to the fact

704
00:34:51,741 --> 00:34:53,961
that a lot of people
think maybe these

705
00:34:54,092 --> 00:34:55,615
starches as my
mother called them

706
00:34:55,745 --> 00:34:57,182
are not quite so good for us.

707
00:34:57,312 --> 00:35:01,186
We focused in, just
by timing and bad luck

708
00:35:01,316 --> 00:35:04,493
on this idea that saturated
fat causes heart disease

709
00:35:04,624 --> 00:35:06,191
and we bought into
it even though

710
00:35:06,321 --> 00:35:09,716
the evidence ultimately
didn't really support it

711
00:35:09,846 --> 00:35:13,763
and we made everything
else we believed

712
00:35:13,894 --> 00:35:17,115
about diet have to be
reconciled with that.

713
00:35:19,029 --> 00:35:21,031
Dr. Keys
singling out of excessive...

714
00:35:27,690 --> 00:35:29,301
In front of us, day by day, are

715
00:35:29,431 --> 00:35:34,088
increasingly more and
more very tempting foods.

716
00:35:34,219 --> 00:35:38,179
In the mid-1960s, John Yudkin
comes on the scene, he's
a British scientist.

717
00:35:38,310 --> 00:35:40,268
He thinks sugar's the problem.

718
00:35:43,663 --> 00:35:46,622
When people have heart disease,
they don't just have
elevated cholesterol.

719
00:35:46,753 --> 00:35:49,495
In fact they often don't
have elevated cholesterol,

720
00:35:49,625 --> 00:35:52,585
they have a whole cluster
of metabolic abnormalities.

721
00:35:52,715 --> 00:35:55,196
10, 15, 20 things
you could measure

722
00:35:55,327 --> 00:35:58,765
and Yudkin was saying
if I feed animals sugar

723
00:35:58,895 --> 00:36:00,854
or I feed college
students that I'm using

724
00:36:00,984 --> 00:36:02,551
in my experiments,
sugar, I could cause

725
00:36:02,682 --> 00:36:04,118
pretty much all of these things

726
00:36:04,249 --> 00:36:05,598
just by giving them
a lot of sugar.

727
00:36:07,426 --> 00:36:09,950
So you're apt to say
2 or 300 years ago,

728
00:36:09,993 --> 00:36:11,256
the average consumption

729
00:36:11,386 --> 00:36:13,954
of sugar in this
country was about

730
00:36:14,084 --> 00:36:16,435
four pounds a year and
that's splendid,

731
00:36:16,565 --> 00:36:18,045
I'd be very happy
if everybody had

732
00:36:18,176 --> 00:36:19,699
four pounds of sugar a year.

733
00:36:19,829 --> 00:36:21,657
They eat a hundred pounds.

734
00:36:30,623 --> 00:36:34,192
Moreover, many sugar
containing foods,
cakes, candies, cookies,

735
00:36:34,322 --> 00:36:36,106
chocolate, ice
cream, various kinds

736
00:36:36,237 --> 00:36:38,283
of puddings, also contain fat.

737
00:36:38,413 --> 00:36:41,242
You always eat some fat,
so if you eat

738
00:36:41,373 --> 00:36:44,202
high carb foods, you
raise your blood glucose

739
00:36:44,332 --> 00:36:47,466
you raise your fat
storing hormone insulin

740
00:36:47,596 --> 00:36:49,511
and you're gonna store
the fat that you eat.

741
00:36:49,642 --> 00:36:51,339
It's all individual how much

742
00:36:51,470 --> 00:36:54,951
you can tolerate,
but if you eat more

743
00:36:55,082 --> 00:36:58,085
than your body can
tolerate, then you will

744
00:36:58,216 --> 00:37:00,130
most likely gain
weight, gain fat.

745
00:37:14,188 --> 00:37:16,234
And instead of looking at it,

746
00:37:16,364 --> 00:37:18,714
Ancel Keys just jumps
right on top of it

747
00:37:18,845 --> 00:37:22,631
in the media and turns
this guy into a nut job.

748
00:37:22,762 --> 00:37:25,808
Keys was really a bully
when it came to

749
00:37:25,939 --> 00:37:28,246
trying to quash anybody
who opposed him.

750
00:37:28,376 --> 00:37:30,248
Ancel Keys wasn't
gonna let anyone

751
00:37:30,378 --> 00:37:32,162
come in and rain on his parade.

752
00:37:32,293 --> 00:37:35,818
He published a
nine page rebuttal

753
00:37:35,949 --> 00:37:37,907
in a journal called
Atherosclerosis,

754
00:37:38,038 --> 00:37:40,823
in print, he said Yudkin is
a "mountain of nonsense."

755
00:37:49,528 --> 00:37:51,530
...in the etiology
of heart disease.

756
00:37:51,660 --> 00:37:53,445
Keys and his colleagues managed

757
00:37:53,575 --> 00:37:56,099
to paint Yudkin as a quack
and portray Yudkin

758
00:37:56,230 --> 00:37:58,232
and his sugar theory as quackery

759
00:37:58,363 --> 00:38:01,148
and to say there is absolutely
no evidence to support it.

760
00:38:07,546 --> 00:38:14,509
Keys was more-- had more
political influence
and more savvy maybe

761
00:38:14,640 --> 00:38:17,730
than Yudkin and somehow,
this dietary, and we were

762
00:38:17,860 --> 00:38:20,776
spending money testing
the dietary fat hypothesis

763
00:38:20,907 --> 00:38:23,997
so even though the tests
weren't confirming it,

764
00:38:24,127 --> 00:38:25,955
the more money they spent,
the more people

765
00:38:26,086 --> 00:38:28,697
were wedded to the hypothesis
having to be right.

766
00:38:28,828 --> 00:38:31,744
These studies are
extremely expensive

767
00:38:31,874 --> 00:38:34,050
and there have been
enough good studies done

768
00:38:34,181 --> 00:38:36,444
to support our
moderate approach,

769
00:38:36,575 --> 00:38:39,142
which is looking
at balanced foods,

770
00:38:39,273 --> 00:38:43,016
vegetables, fruits, grains, and
lean meat and dairy products.

771
00:38:43,146 --> 00:38:46,324
The argument once again
is it has to be tested

772
00:38:46,454 --> 00:38:48,543
when you believe it's
wrong, Prima facie,

773
00:38:48,674 --> 00:38:50,284
you're not gonna spend
the money to test it.

774
00:38:50,415 --> 00:38:52,504
Why are these
nutrition scientist

775
00:38:52,634 --> 00:38:55,115
just not more curious
about other ideas?

776
00:38:55,245 --> 00:38:56,769
I was at a conference recently

777
00:38:56,899 --> 00:38:58,510
where we talked about
a low carb study

778
00:38:58,640 --> 00:39:00,860
where they reversed
the diagnosis

779
00:39:00,990 --> 00:39:04,342
of diabetes for, it was a
large university-based study

780
00:39:04,472 --> 00:39:06,735
in just one year, on
a very low-carb diet

781
00:39:06,866 --> 00:39:10,217
and one of them said wait
what, diabetes reversal,

782
00:39:10,348 --> 00:39:12,828
wow, how'd you do that, can you
just explain your study
a little bit to us

783
00:39:12,959 --> 00:39:15,309
because that's what we,
as nutrition experts

784
00:39:15,440 --> 00:39:16,832
we really need to do in America.

785
00:39:16,963 --> 00:39:19,357
And I
actually got up to ask

786
00:39:19,487 --> 00:39:20,967
a question from
the audience I said--

787
00:39:21,097 --> 00:39:23,622
I said, did you hear that,
that was 60% reversal

788
00:39:23,752 --> 00:39:26,755
of diabetes, should that
not be headline news

789
00:39:26,886 --> 00:39:28,453
and should you not be curious?

790
00:39:28,583 --> 00:39:30,542
Why are you not even
curious about these ideas?

791
00:39:31,281 --> 00:39:32,805
You know it makes
you think of stories

792
00:39:32,935 --> 00:39:34,241
like the McKenzie family.

793
00:39:34,372 --> 00:39:36,156
Parents in South
Dakota who realized

794
00:39:36,286 --> 00:39:38,463
they had to take matters
into their own hands

795
00:39:38,593 --> 00:39:41,379
when their son lost five
pounds in five days.

796
00:39:41,509 --> 00:39:44,251
I called the doctor that morning
and I explained that
I thought my son

797
00:39:44,382 --> 00:39:46,775
had rapidly lost weight
and something was wrong

798
00:39:46,906 --> 00:39:48,386
and we knew within five minutes

799
00:39:48,516 --> 00:39:50,300
of him doing
a urine analysis test

800
00:39:50,431 --> 00:39:52,346
that there was
sugar in his urine

801
00:39:52,477 --> 00:39:54,914
and we were escorted
to the hospital

802
00:39:55,044 --> 00:39:56,698
to learn how to
manage our new life.

803
00:39:59,092 --> 00:40:00,485
We both concluded that we were

804
00:40:00,615 --> 00:40:03,009
gonna make drastic
changes in our diet,

805
00:40:03,139 --> 00:40:04,924
reducing carbohydrate intake.

806
00:40:06,186 --> 00:40:07,927
Shortly thereafter, we were told

807
00:40:08,057 --> 00:40:09,581
that we didn't need to do that,

808
00:40:09,711 --> 00:40:12,801
that we could feed our
son recently diagnosed

809
00:40:12,932 --> 00:40:15,108
with Type 1 diabetes
whatever he wanted to eat.

810
00:40:15,238 --> 00:40:16,979
Take a look.

811
00:40:17,110 --> 00:40:18,981
I'm trusting these
people, who are now

812
00:40:19,112 --> 00:40:20,418
in charge of caring for my son,

813
00:40:20,548 --> 00:40:22,420
and they're telling
me give him pancakes

814
00:40:22,550 --> 00:40:24,683
and give him french fries
and cupcakes

815
00:40:24,813 --> 00:40:27,120
and pizza, because
now that your kid

816
00:40:27,250 --> 00:40:29,992
has this disease, his life
is pretty crummy already

817
00:40:30,123 --> 00:40:31,603
and the worst thing you could do

818
00:40:31,733 --> 00:40:33,169
as a parent is to try
and change his food.

819
00:40:33,300 --> 00:40:36,042
I fed my kid the exact
prescribed amount

820
00:40:36,172 --> 00:40:39,262
of carbohydrates, I
pre-bolused his insulin

821
00:40:39,393 --> 00:40:41,482
I put a continuous
glucose monitor on him

822
00:40:41,613 --> 00:40:43,658
I bought him a
diabetes alert dog,

823
00:40:43,789 --> 00:40:46,139
I literally did everything
in my own capacity

824
00:40:47,183 --> 00:40:50,143
to follow the guidelines
and manage his disease

825
00:40:50,273 --> 00:40:51,405
and I failed miserably.

826
00:40:51,536 --> 00:40:53,451
- Riv?

827
00:40:55,975 --> 00:40:59,152
Do you want the yogurt,
the tablets, or the gel?

828
00:40:59,805 --> 00:41:02,242
I put a big message out
in the social media groups

829
00:41:02,372 --> 00:41:04,374
that I'm connected to in
the diabetes community

830
00:41:04,505 --> 00:41:07,377
and I asked, how are
you people achieving

831
00:41:07,508 --> 00:41:09,031
normal blood sugars,
what are you doing?

832
00:41:09,162 --> 00:41:11,077
And about every fifth
answer I got

833
00:41:11,207 --> 00:41:12,470
was that these
people were changing

834
00:41:12,600 --> 00:41:15,473
their children's
diet and implementing

835
00:41:15,603 --> 00:41:16,735
a very, very low carb diet.

836
00:41:18,780 --> 00:41:20,434
We removed
all the processed carbs,

837
00:41:20,565 --> 00:41:24,090
the flour, the sugar,
the grains, the fruit

838
00:41:24,220 --> 00:41:25,918
anything that would
spike his blood sugar

839
00:41:26,048 --> 00:41:27,963
and so the next
appointment we had

840
00:41:28,094 --> 00:41:30,009
with our endocrinologist
I skipped in there

841
00:41:30,139 --> 00:41:31,227
like I had won the lottery.

842
00:41:31,358 --> 00:41:33,012
Oh my goodness, I stumbled upon

843
00:41:33,142 --> 00:41:36,145
a low-carb diet and look
at my son's blood sugars

844
00:41:36,276 --> 00:41:38,278
and during that
appointment, our very

845
00:41:38,408 --> 00:41:40,541
kind-hearted doctor looked at me

846
00:41:40,672 --> 00:41:42,891
and told me my son
was going to resent me

847
00:41:43,022 --> 00:41:45,198
for the rest of his life,
that this way

848
00:41:45,328 --> 00:41:47,505
of eating is not
sustainable, that I'm

849
00:41:47,635 --> 00:41:49,985
subjecting my son to
an eating disorder

850
00:41:50,116 --> 00:41:51,987
and he also handed me
a business card

851
00:41:52,118 --> 00:41:55,121
to go see a therapist,
uhm, because he thought

852
00:41:55,251 --> 00:41:57,253
maybe I was struggling
with some things

853
00:41:57,384 --> 00:42:00,430
and had some issues
for wanting to do this

854
00:42:00,561 --> 00:42:01,910
for my son and to
change his diet.

855
00:42:02,041 --> 00:42:04,478
And I'm told to follow
these guidelines

856
00:42:04,609 --> 00:42:06,524
because without
those carbohydrates,

857
00:42:06,654 --> 00:42:09,570
my child won't grow properly
and his brain function

858
00:42:09,701 --> 00:42:11,877
will be compromised,
so when you're a parent

859
00:42:12,007 --> 00:42:13,531
of a Type 1 and you're told

860
00:42:13,661 --> 00:42:15,533
the American
Diabetes Association,

861
00:42:15,663 --> 00:42:18,318
this large governing body,
that must know

862
00:42:18,448 --> 00:42:19,928
exactly what we're up against,

863
00:42:20,059 --> 00:42:23,062
they're recommending this,
that's intimidating.

864
00:42:24,629 --> 00:42:26,544
We either had to
either make a change

865
00:42:26,674 --> 00:42:28,850
or accept mediocre care.

866
00:42:28,981 --> 00:42:31,592
I'm an orthopedic
surgeon, it seems now

867
00:42:31,723 --> 00:42:34,290
as if it's the patients
that are trying

868
00:42:34,421 --> 00:42:36,728
to make the medical
community aware

869
00:42:36,858 --> 00:42:38,599
of what they
already know of what

870
00:42:38,730 --> 00:42:42,603
the patients know,
because they have tried

871
00:42:42,734 --> 00:42:46,128
to follow the rules as given
to them and they failed.

872
00:42:46,259 --> 00:42:48,740
When somebody comes
to me with the belief

873
00:42:48,870 --> 00:42:52,047
that they-- and they tell me,
I believe your son

874
00:42:52,178 --> 00:42:53,571
is gonna do better
if you feed them

875
00:42:53,701 --> 00:42:57,096
more carbohydrates,
I know they're wrong.

876
00:42:57,226 --> 00:42:59,446
And when it comes to
my son, I'm gonna do

877
00:42:59,577 --> 00:43:01,970
what I know as opposed
to what they believe.

878
00:43:03,276 --> 00:43:05,931
Our son went from
taking 45 to 50

879
00:43:06,061 --> 00:43:09,761
units of insulin every day
to maybe 15 units of insulin.

880
00:43:09,891 --> 00:43:12,328
If you extrapolate
that over every child

881
00:43:12,459 --> 00:43:14,026
with this disease,
you're gonna understand

882
00:43:14,156 --> 00:43:16,245
that that's gonna
have a marked effect

883
00:43:16,376 --> 00:43:18,987
on the profitability
of the disease.

884
00:43:19,118 --> 00:43:22,208
I think we underestimate
peoples ability

885
00:43:22,338 --> 00:43:24,602
to make a change, and
I think if there were

886
00:43:25,515 --> 00:43:27,953
doctors and nurses
and dieticians

887
00:43:28,083 --> 00:43:29,607
who were willing
to give patients

888
00:43:29,737 --> 00:43:31,173
that option, I think the face

889
00:43:31,304 --> 00:43:32,566
of diabetes would be different.

890
00:43:32,697 --> 00:43:34,612
We're a very weird
culture, because

891
00:43:34,742 --> 00:43:37,484
we have an endless
amount of energy

892
00:43:37,615 --> 00:43:39,355
to talk about almost everything,

893
00:43:39,486 --> 00:43:42,968
but when it comes
to the core issues

894
00:43:43,098 --> 00:43:45,797
and the ones that just
effect everything,

895
00:43:45,927 --> 00:43:48,495
such as family or such as diet,

896
00:43:48,626 --> 00:43:52,107
we have-- you know, just went
through an election.

897
00:43:52,238 --> 00:43:54,893
We talked about
everything, but no one

898
00:43:55,023 --> 00:43:57,722
ever talked about diet or family
or any of this stuff.

899
00:43:57,852 --> 00:44:01,508
Now you have kids
with Type 2 diabetes
you have fatty liver disease,

900
00:44:01,639 --> 00:44:03,684
you have sleep apnea,
none of this stuff

901
00:44:03,815 --> 00:44:06,861
existed before and if you
think it's just old people

902
00:44:06,992 --> 00:44:09,472
using this, it's getting
younger and younger

903
00:44:09,603 --> 00:44:11,344
-and younger.
-It's an epidemic

904
00:44:11,474 --> 00:44:13,738
and it's one of those
things, like hey,

905
00:44:13,868 --> 00:44:15,783
powers that be, hey
folks in charge,

906
00:44:15,914 --> 00:44:18,264
let's, this is gonna
break the bank.

907
00:44:18,394 --> 00:44:22,311
How do people scream
all day about Medicare

908
00:44:22,442 --> 00:44:25,010
-and this doesn't come up?
-It never comes up.

909
00:44:25,140 --> 00:44:26,707
Because it's not sexy,
it doesn't work.

910
00:44:26,838 --> 00:44:29,231
You want votes, telling people

911
00:44:29,362 --> 00:44:33,235
like hard news, like, hey mom,
you're poisoning your kid

912
00:44:33,366 --> 00:44:35,585
get your shit together,
no votes for you.

913
00:44:37,892 --> 00:44:40,329
The current recommendations,
it started in

914
00:44:40,460 --> 00:44:43,463
the late 60s in response
to a documentary

915
00:44:43,593 --> 00:44:46,335
that aired on CBS News
called Hunger in America.

916
00:44:46,771 --> 00:44:48,686
This spring, a private agency,

917
00:44:48,816 --> 00:44:50,688
The Citizens' Board of Inquiry,

918
00:44:50,818 --> 00:44:52,907
released an exhaustive
report claiming

919
00:44:53,038 --> 00:44:56,302
that serious hunger
exists many places

920
00:44:56,432 --> 00:44:58,783
in the United States,
out of a total population

921
00:44:58,913 --> 00:45:01,089
of 200 million,
the report states,

922
00:45:01,220 --> 00:45:03,831
30 million Americans
are impoverished.

923
00:45:03,962 --> 00:45:07,313
With family income
below $3000 a year.

924
00:45:07,443 --> 00:45:09,315
Five million of these
people are helped

925
00:45:09,445 --> 00:45:12,231
by two existing
Federal food programs.

926
00:45:12,361 --> 00:45:14,886
Now, a new figure must be added.

927
00:45:15,016 --> 00:45:17,279
Of the 30 million
who ae impoverished,

928
00:45:17,410 --> 00:45:19,891
10 million Americans,
whether or not

929
00:45:20,021 --> 00:45:22,154
they are reached by
Federal aid, are hungry.

930
00:45:22,284 --> 00:45:24,286
The Federal food
program might be

931
00:45:24,417 --> 00:45:25,853
better administered
by the Department

932
00:45:25,984 --> 00:45:27,942
of Health, Education and Welfare

933
00:45:28,073 --> 00:45:30,728
or by a special commission
whose only concern

934
00:45:30,858 --> 00:45:33,643
would be to see that
hungry Americans are fed.

935
00:45:33,774 --> 00:45:37,212
This leads right to 1968
and the McGovern Committee.

936
00:45:37,343 --> 00:45:38,910
Public calls to
address the issue

937
00:45:39,040 --> 00:45:40,999
of hunger had been
building, ever since

938
00:45:41,129 --> 00:45:43,088
Robert F. Kennedy had
toured the devastated

939
00:45:43,218 --> 00:45:44,611
slums of Mississippi.

940
00:45:44,742 --> 00:45:46,787
It's obviously as
great a poverty

941
00:45:46,918 --> 00:45:48,920
as we've had and
they're going to lead

942
00:45:49,050 --> 00:45:50,922
a very difficult, unhappy life

943
00:45:51,052 --> 00:45:52,837
for the rest of their existence.

944
00:45:52,967 --> 00:45:55,013
But it was George
McGovern, the Senator

945
00:45:55,143 --> 00:45:57,102
from South Dakota who
would head a committee

946
00:45:57,232 --> 00:46:00,235
that started in 1968,
privy to the poverty

947
00:46:00,366 --> 00:46:01,933
that the nation
was now aware of,

948
00:46:02,063 --> 00:46:03,761
the former director
of Food for Peace

949
00:46:03,891 --> 00:46:06,024
in JFK's administration
was intent

950
00:46:06,154 --> 00:46:08,853
on bringing change that would
eventually effect all of us.

951
00:46:08,983 --> 00:46:13,553
It's always bothered me
to see hungry people

952
00:46:13,683 --> 00:46:15,773
in the world, I like to eat.

953
00:46:17,035 --> 00:46:20,473
If we are to save
ourselves in this country

954
00:46:20,603 --> 00:46:23,693
it seems to me that
a radical restructuring

955
00:46:23,824 --> 00:46:28,263
of our policies and priorities
is absolutely necessary.

956
00:46:31,963 --> 00:46:34,487
There is nothing
more to say, really.

957
00:46:34,617 --> 00:46:38,099
Senator Kennedy died
at 1.44 this evening.

958
00:46:41,189 --> 00:46:42,756
We've got to draw
the line at violence,

959
00:46:42,887 --> 00:46:44,976
so I have mixed emotions,
I'm supporting

960
00:46:45,106 --> 00:46:47,282
the President as he tries to
bring this war to a close.

961
00:46:48,240 --> 00:46:49,981
It was quite sad,
really, to break up

962
00:46:50,111 --> 00:46:52,374
with the Beatles, 'cause to see
it just fall apart was sad.

963
00:46:55,073 --> 00:46:56,422
We have a mystery story

964
00:46:56,552 --> 00:46:58,163
out of Washington, five people

965
00:46:58,293 --> 00:46:59,817
have been arrested and
charged with breaking

966
00:46:59,947 --> 00:47:01,383
into the headquarters of
the Democratic National

967
00:47:01,514 --> 00:47:02,820
Committee in the
middle of the night.

968
00:47:02,950 --> 00:47:06,084
When you think of 1972, 1973,

969
00:47:06,214 --> 00:47:08,651
we're still in Vietnam,
it's not a popular war.

970
00:47:08,782 --> 00:47:13,700
-Then 1972 comes around
and we have Watergate.

971
00:47:13,831 --> 00:47:15,702
People have gotta
know whether or not

972
00:47:15,833 --> 00:47:18,139
their President's a crook,
well I'm not a crook.

973
00:47:18,270 --> 00:47:21,708
People were just in
a haze about diet.

974
00:47:21,839 --> 00:47:24,363
No one was really
paying attention to
this McGovern Committee,

975
00:47:24,493 --> 00:47:26,365
we had bigger problems.

976
00:47:26,495 --> 00:47:28,933
-This complacency at the time

977
00:47:29,063 --> 00:47:31,718
is what allowed these
health myths to seep in.

978
00:47:32,937 --> 00:47:34,852
As you know, I
represent all sorts

979
00:47:34,982 --> 00:47:37,419
of delicious things,
greasy bacon,

980
00:47:38,638 --> 00:47:41,467
potato chips, french
fries, potatoes,

981
00:47:41,902 --> 00:47:45,166
fatty meats and gobs of
butter on everything.

982
00:47:45,297 --> 00:47:47,516
-Now as you know, us fats

983
00:47:47,647 --> 00:47:49,475
separately are just little guys,

984
00:47:49,605 --> 00:47:51,999
but put us all together
and what do you have?

985
00:47:52,130 --> 00:47:53,348
You have millions of calories,

986
00:47:53,479 --> 00:47:55,002
that's what,
I have to store those

987
00:47:55,133 --> 00:47:57,439
calories as fat and I
can't take it anymore.

988
00:47:57,570 --> 00:48:00,355
I'm getting bigger
and bigger and bigger!

989
00:48:00,486 --> 00:48:02,096
And the bigger he gets,
the harder

990
00:48:02,227 --> 00:48:03,881
his heart cells have
to work, Mr. Fat,

991
00:48:04,011 --> 00:48:04,882
you're a real killer!

992
00:48:06,492 --> 00:48:08,276
You know, I don't know
the answer, but why is it

993
00:48:08,320 --> 00:48:10,235
whenever a new study
comes out, it's always

994
00:48:10,365 --> 00:48:13,325
talking about how food
is gonna kill you?

995
00:48:13,455 --> 00:48:14,892
I think that's a
major misdirection

996
00:48:15,022 --> 00:48:17,285
to what we should be focused on.

997
00:48:17,416 --> 00:48:19,809
Food should be used
to prevent illness,

998
00:48:19,940 --> 00:48:22,203
not to just help reverse
it once it's too late.

999
00:48:22,334 --> 00:48:23,901
One of the areas we
haven't talked about

1000
00:48:24,031 --> 00:48:25,903
until recently, is
how food can affect

1001
00:48:26,033 --> 00:48:27,121
your brain health.

1002
00:48:28,427 --> 00:48:29,907
I became interested
in mental health

1003
00:48:30,037 --> 00:48:31,909
and the connection
between mental health

1004
00:48:32,039 --> 00:48:33,867
and diet after I
had developed a lot

1005
00:48:33,998 --> 00:48:36,652
of my own health
problems and had changed

1006
00:48:36,783 --> 00:48:39,351
my diet and discovered that diet

1007
00:48:39,481 --> 00:48:41,614
had a lot more to do with health

1008
00:48:41,744 --> 00:48:44,791
and mental health than I had
ever been taught that it had.

1009
00:48:44,922 --> 00:48:46,619
In my early 40s,
about ten years ago,

1010
00:48:46,749 --> 00:48:48,534
I developed a number
of mysterious symptoms

1011
00:48:48,664 --> 00:48:50,536
that I think a lot
of people, especially

1012
00:48:50,666 --> 00:48:52,538
middle aged women
will identify with,

1013
00:48:52,668 --> 00:48:55,802
so things like chronic
pain, fibromyalgia,

1014
00:48:55,933 --> 00:48:59,414
IBS, chronic fatigue, migraines,

1015
00:48:59,545 --> 00:49:02,548
uh, lots of different
symptoms that all

1016
00:49:02,678 --> 00:49:04,811
of my very smart
Harvard-affiliated doctors

1017
00:49:04,942 --> 00:49:07,248
couldn't help me with.
After about six months

1018
00:49:07,379 --> 00:49:09,947
of trial and error, I
arrived at this diet

1019
00:49:10,077 --> 00:49:12,775
that was completely upside down

1020
00:49:12,906 --> 00:49:14,690
from what I had been
taught was good for me.

1021
00:49:14,821 --> 00:49:16,779
It was basically a
mostly meat diet,

1022
00:49:16,910 --> 00:49:19,391
high in meat and
fat and cholesterol

1023
00:49:19,521 --> 00:49:22,002
and when I arrived at that diet,

1024
00:49:22,133 --> 00:49:23,525
all of the symptoms
that I had been

1025
00:49:23,656 --> 00:49:26,746
struggling with
completely went away

1026
00:49:26,876 --> 00:49:30,793
and I thought, you know, this
diet actually is also

1027
00:49:30,924 --> 00:49:32,273
improving my mental
health and I'm

1028
00:49:32,404 --> 00:49:34,536
a psychiatrist,
the most powerful way

1029
00:49:34,667 --> 00:49:35,973
to change your brain chemistry

1030
00:49:36,103 --> 00:49:37,583
would be through food,
because that's where

1031
00:49:37,713 --> 00:49:39,802
brain chemicals come from
in the first place.

1032
00:49:39,933 --> 00:49:42,066
If you're getting
most of your sugar

1033
00:49:42,196 --> 00:49:44,459
and most of your
glucose from the

1034
00:49:44,590 --> 00:49:46,461
outside of the body,
you run the risk

1035
00:49:46,592 --> 00:49:49,464
of getting spikes,
uh, peaks and troughs

1036
00:49:49,595 --> 00:49:51,205
in your blood sugar
and insulin level

1037
00:49:51,336 --> 00:49:54,034
and those can destabilize
brain chemistry,

1038
00:49:54,165 --> 00:49:55,993
so those can create mood swings,

1039
00:49:56,123 --> 00:49:58,996
insomnia, irritability, changes

1040
00:49:59,126 --> 00:50:00,823
in appetite throughout
the course of the day.

1041
00:50:00,954 --> 00:50:02,477
When you eat a ketogenic diet,

1042
00:50:02,608 --> 00:50:05,480
you're using fat
primarily for energy

1043
00:50:05,611 --> 00:50:08,962
and the brain is using,
to a large extent,

1044
00:50:09,093 --> 00:50:10,616
ketones instead of glucose.

1045
00:50:10,746 --> 00:50:13,967
Today, if you're
anywhere near Google

1046
00:50:14,098 --> 00:50:15,360
you will learn that

1047
00:50:15,490 --> 00:50:17,144
this is known as
dietary ketosis.

1048
00:50:20,147 --> 00:50:24,804
Most healthcare professionals
are familiar with ketoacidosis,
and that's a state

1049
00:50:24,934 --> 00:50:26,762
where the body is
out of control.

1050
00:50:26,893 --> 00:50:28,590
Diabetes it out of control.

1051
00:50:28,721 --> 00:50:30,723
Blood glucose is
through the roof,

1052
00:50:30,853 --> 00:50:32,507
insulin is not able
to keep up with

1053
00:50:32,638 --> 00:50:34,814
this glucose derangement
and so that's

1054
00:50:34,944 --> 00:50:37,164
a life threatening
state when you're

1055
00:50:37,295 --> 00:50:39,253
a Type 2 diabetic of control.

1056
00:50:39,384 --> 00:50:43,083
Nutritional ketosis is
quite a different scenario.

1057
00:50:43,214 --> 00:50:46,217
Blood sugar's
absolutely under control,

1058
00:50:46,347 --> 00:50:48,393
the patient is healthy
in every single way

1059
00:50:48,523 --> 00:50:52,266
electrolytes, insulin, glucose,
perfectly, perfectly controlled.

1060
00:50:52,397 --> 00:50:55,182
We have now trained
the body to switch over

1061
00:50:55,313 --> 00:50:58,185
from burning carbohydrate
as the primary fuel.

1062
00:50:58,316 --> 00:51:01,188
Now the individual
becomes fat adapted

1063
00:51:01,319 --> 00:51:05,279
and they use fat as the
primary source of energy

1064
00:51:05,410 --> 00:51:07,586
and that's really
the difference between

1065
00:51:07,716 --> 00:51:10,632
a very unhealthy and
a very healthy state.

1066
00:51:13,722 --> 00:51:19,076
We had a scientific question in
the 1960s where the researchers
asked the wrong question,

1067
00:51:19,206 --> 00:51:21,078
but they were questions
we needed answered.

1068
00:51:21,208 --> 00:51:23,428
We know that the
way you gain weight

1069
00:51:23,558 --> 00:51:28,041
is you take in more calories
than you don't-- than you burn.

1070
00:51:28,172 --> 00:51:30,261
And those calories
can be fat or they

1071
00:51:30,391 --> 00:51:31,479
can be carbohydrate.

1072
00:51:31,610 --> 00:51:33,220
And so they get this hypothesis

1073
00:51:33,351 --> 00:51:35,092
which sounds reasonable
that fat people

1074
00:51:35,222 --> 00:51:36,789
get fat because they
accumulate a little

1075
00:51:36,919 --> 00:51:40,184
of extra calories every day
and we could get

1076
00:51:40,314 --> 00:51:42,099
back to this by
not asking how much

1077
00:51:42,229 --> 00:51:44,101
extra calories, they
don't have to really

1078
00:51:44,231 --> 00:51:46,146
confront the problems
with the hypothesis

1079
00:51:46,277 --> 00:51:48,844
and that becomes the
theory ever since.

1080
00:51:48,975 --> 00:51:50,585
The history of
science once again,

1081
00:51:50,716 --> 00:51:53,110
is full of common sensical facts

1082
00:51:53,240 --> 00:51:55,416
that turned out to be dead wrong
when we did the science.

1083
00:51:55,547 --> 00:51:58,724
You're certain, you use
words like it proves

1084
00:51:58,854 --> 00:52:03,250
when you look at the data, it
either isn't there, or we
just didn't do the experiment.

1085
00:52:03,381 --> 00:52:05,861
Speaking of
experiments, here's a timeline

1086
00:52:05,992 --> 00:52:08,125
of events that happened
with the McGovern Committee.

1087
00:52:08,255 --> 00:52:10,214
After a year of
fighting for funding,

1088
00:52:10,344 --> 00:52:13,347
the committee operations
began in 1969.

1089
00:52:13,478 --> 00:52:15,306
There were Democrats
and Republicans

1090
00:52:15,436 --> 00:52:17,003
including future
Presidential candidates,

1091
00:52:17,134 --> 00:52:20,354
George McGovern, Walter
Mondale and Bob Dole.

1092
00:52:20,485 --> 00:52:22,139
The initial goals
of the committee

1093
00:52:22,269 --> 00:52:24,184
centered around hunger
and malnutrition

1094
00:52:24,315 --> 00:52:26,578
and this led to the
legislation in 1970

1095
00:52:26,708 --> 00:52:28,188
with principles of
free food stamps

1096
00:52:28,319 --> 00:52:30,408
and nationwide standards
for eligibility.

1097
00:52:32,236 --> 00:52:34,847
It was in 1971 that
the committee expanded

1098
00:52:34,977 --> 00:52:37,066
to focus on eating habits
in poor neighborhoods,

1099
00:52:37,197 --> 00:52:40,461
but in 1972, this
extremely pressing issue

1100
00:52:40,592 --> 00:52:42,071
was put on hold so that McGovern

1101
00:52:42,202 --> 00:52:44,944
could run for President.
When he lost 49 States

1102
00:52:45,074 --> 00:52:46,293
to Richard Nixon,
who would eventually

1103
00:52:46,424 --> 00:52:48,774
resign and be
replaced by this guy,

1104
00:52:48,904 --> 00:52:50,602
it was back to fixing
America's health.

1105
00:53:05,704 --> 00:53:08,707
Unfortunately, dietary
guidelines, were based

1106
00:53:08,837 --> 00:53:12,537
on the singular focus
to lower cholesterol.

1107
00:53:12,667 --> 00:53:14,321
Why we're treating heart disease

1108
00:53:14,452 --> 00:53:16,758
by supposedly lowering
bad cholesterol,

1109
00:53:16,889 --> 00:53:18,847
we're gonna help
people lose weight.

1110
00:53:19,935 --> 00:53:22,329
If you tell a public
of 250 million people

1111
00:53:22,460 --> 00:53:24,026
what they're eating
is gonna kill em

1112
00:53:24,157 --> 00:53:25,376
they're gonna probably listen.

1113
00:53:26,377 --> 00:53:28,030
And the unintended
consequence is that

1114
00:53:28,161 --> 00:53:30,032
someone is gonna step in
and take advantage

1115
00:53:30,163 --> 00:53:32,600
of these people when
it doesn't work, right?

1116
00:53:34,341 --> 00:53:36,387
Coincidentally, drug
companies were spending

1117
00:53:36,517 --> 00:53:40,217
millions of dollars developing
drugs to target LBL.

1118
00:53:40,347 --> 00:53:42,958
In the 80s and 90s,
a class of drugs

1119
00:53:43,089 --> 00:53:44,482
was invented called the statins,

1120
00:53:44,612 --> 00:53:47,528
and these drugs did
lower the cholesterol

1121
00:53:47,659 --> 00:53:49,791
very effectively and
they also were shown

1122
00:53:49,922 --> 00:53:51,228
to lower heart disease rates.

1123
00:53:51,358 --> 00:53:53,230
But the question
that's probably more

1124
00:53:53,360 --> 00:53:55,406
interesting to me,
that I think should be

1125
00:53:55,536 --> 00:53:58,191
more interesting
to you, is does it
help you live longer?

1126
00:53:58,322 --> 00:54:00,367
It might reduce heart attacks

1127
00:54:00,498 --> 00:54:03,501
by 20 or 30 percent at best,
and it doesn't

1128
00:54:03,631 --> 00:54:05,590
really reduce mortality much.

1129
00:54:05,720 --> 00:54:07,548
We like simple
answers that we have

1130
00:54:07,679 --> 00:54:09,724
treatments for, but
that's not where

1131
00:54:09,855 --> 00:54:13,946
the best evaluation and
treatment for heart disease is.

1132
00:54:14,076 --> 00:54:16,078
It's absolutely
amazing to me,

1133
00:54:16,209 --> 00:54:18,472
the trajectory of
statins and low fat diets

1134
00:54:18,603 --> 00:54:19,908
with everything
we have today stem

1135
00:54:20,039 --> 00:54:21,649
from a Committee
that was focused

1136
00:54:21,780 --> 00:54:23,303
on poverty and
people who weren't

1137
00:54:23,434 --> 00:54:25,479
getting enough to
eat. And somehow

1138
00:54:25,610 --> 00:54:28,526
cholesterol got into the
mix, thanks to Ancel Keys.

1139
00:54:28,656 --> 00:54:30,354
-And in a complete U-turn...

1140
00:54:30,484 --> 00:54:32,921
...in 1974, they
expanded the committee

1141
00:54:33,052 --> 00:54:34,662
to focus on overnutrition.

1142
00:54:34,793 --> 00:54:36,708
The very recommendations made

1143
00:54:36,838 --> 00:54:38,884
led to people
eating way too much

1144
00:54:39,014 --> 00:54:41,278
of the wrong kind of food,
so now we have

1145
00:54:41,408 --> 00:54:42,844
just the opposite problem,
we don't have

1146
00:54:42,975 --> 00:54:46,239
a hunger problem, we
have an obesity epidemic.

1147
00:54:47,632 --> 00:54:49,460
- The Senate Committee

1148
00:54:49,590 --> 00:54:51,940
finally issued a
set of dietary goals

1149
00:54:52,071 --> 00:54:55,944
in December 1977, the
McGovern Committee

1150
00:54:56,075 --> 00:54:58,251
issued a set of
nutritional guidelines

1151
00:54:58,382 --> 00:55:00,645
for all Americans,
intended to battle

1152
00:55:00,775 --> 00:55:02,995
heart disease, cancers, strokes,

1153
00:55:03,125 --> 00:55:04,866
high blood pressure, obesity.

1154
00:55:04,997 --> 00:55:07,304
In the dietary
guidelines for Americans,

1155
00:55:07,434 --> 00:55:10,307
they recommend fewer
calories, less fat,

1156
00:55:10,437 --> 00:55:13,092
less saturated fat,
less cholesterol,

1157
00:55:13,222 --> 00:55:15,007
more poly-unsaturated fat.

1158
00:55:15,137 --> 00:55:18,489
All in favor of nominating
vegetable oils, say aye.

1159
00:55:18,619 --> 00:55:20,491
Aye.

1160
00:55:20,621 --> 00:55:22,319
Less sugar, less salt,

1161
00:55:22,449 --> 00:55:24,321
more fiber, more starchy food.

1162
00:55:24,451 --> 00:55:25,974
The Committee's original report

1163
00:55:26,105 --> 00:55:27,889
urged Americans
to reduce the risk

1164
00:55:28,020 --> 00:55:30,283
of heart attacks by
reducing their intake

1165
00:55:30,414 --> 00:55:33,373
of cholesterol, down
to the equivalent
of about one egg a day.

1166
00:55:33,504 --> 00:55:35,070
This great
experiment we were doing

1167
00:55:35,201 --> 00:55:37,508
with tax dollars
seemed to have one idea

1168
00:55:37,638 --> 00:55:40,989
repeated over and over,
cholesterol is bad,
cholesterol is bad.

1169
00:55:41,120 --> 00:55:42,991
On its own or in conjunction
with other things.

1170
00:55:43,122 --> 00:55:44,602
One way to look at it, is that

1171
00:55:44,732 --> 00:55:47,300
saturated fats are healthy
when you're not

1172
00:55:47,431 --> 00:55:49,955
eating carbohydrates,
or that saturated fat

1173
00:55:50,085 --> 00:55:52,392
was never unhealthy all along,

1174
00:55:52,523 --> 00:55:54,351
but that gets you into the realm

1175
00:55:54,481 --> 00:55:57,092
of you're telling people that
what they've believed, is wrong.

1176
00:55:57,223 --> 00:55:59,356
As time has
gone on, both doctors

1177
00:55:59,486 --> 00:56:01,836
and private citizens have
done their own experiments.

1178
00:56:01,967 --> 00:56:03,838
As a software engineer,
I look a lot

1179
00:56:03,969 --> 00:56:06,754
at networks.
Networks are basically

1180
00:56:06,885 --> 00:56:09,278
objects talking to
each other and a lot

1181
00:56:09,409 --> 00:56:11,019
of understanding a
network is kind of like

1182
00:56:11,150 --> 00:56:13,848
understanding a brain,
no one cell in the brain

1183
00:56:13,979 --> 00:56:16,242
controls your whole body,
and actually

1184
00:56:16,373 --> 00:56:18,244
cholesterol was part of a larger

1185
00:56:18,375 --> 00:56:20,202
network of objects and how it is

1186
00:56:20,333 --> 00:56:23,031
that they can move about to
provide us with what we need.

1187
00:56:23,162 --> 00:56:24,424
Another thing we
don't talk about

1188
00:56:24,555 --> 00:56:26,339
is how complicated
the human body is.

1189
00:56:26,470 --> 00:56:27,775
For the Government
to even recommend

1190
00:56:27,819 --> 00:56:29,429
what you should be
eating in the first place

1191
00:56:29,560 --> 00:56:31,649
is one thing, but
for them to do it

1192
00:56:31,779 --> 00:56:33,607
in such a simplistic
way, is another.

1193
00:56:33,738 --> 00:56:35,217
There were certain
scientists that

1194
00:56:35,348 --> 00:56:37,045
had some hypothesis
and they said

1195
00:56:37,176 --> 00:56:39,221
well some of the
stuff we're looking at

1196
00:56:39,352 --> 00:56:41,746
is leaning towards
red meat might be

1197
00:56:41,876 --> 00:56:45,358
bad for your heart, the
Commission would say
well, what do you think?

1198
00:56:45,489 --> 00:56:47,404
Doctors took issue
with that at the hearing

1199
00:56:47,534 --> 00:56:49,406
saying that eight
studies involving

1200
00:56:49,536 --> 00:56:51,843
five thousand patients
failed to show

1201
00:56:51,973 --> 00:56:53,410
hard medical evidence that diet

1202
00:56:53,540 --> 00:56:55,412
has anything to do
with heart attacks.

1203
00:56:55,542 --> 00:56:57,892
I pleaded in my report
and will plead again

1204
00:56:58,023 --> 00:57:00,547
orally here for more
research on the problem

1205
00:57:00,678 --> 00:57:02,680
before we make announcements
to the American public.

1206
00:57:03,681 --> 00:57:07,075
Yes, before you make
announcements to the public,
you should have data

1207
00:57:07,206 --> 00:57:10,775
that proves what you're saying.
Maybe like Dave Feldman did.

1208
00:57:10,905 --> 00:57:15,432
My story's a bit interesting.
I found that I could
move my cholesterol

1209
00:57:15,562 --> 00:57:18,783
up and down with the
dietary fat that I ate.

1210
00:57:18,913 --> 00:57:22,003
The more fat I ate,
the lower my LDL-C.

1211
00:57:22,134 --> 00:57:25,311
The less fat I ate,
the higher my LDL-C.

1212
00:57:27,008 --> 00:57:28,836
On a three
day diet of over

1213
00:57:28,967 --> 00:57:32,100
5000 calories and
450 grams of fat,

1214
00:57:32,231 --> 00:57:34,581
he lowered every
marker of cholesterol.

1215
00:57:34,712 --> 00:57:36,322
I eventually got a number
of other people

1216
00:57:36,453 --> 00:57:38,237
to replicate this,
the success rate

1217
00:57:38,367 --> 00:57:40,457
is somewhere around
85% of those people

1218
00:57:40,587 --> 00:57:42,023
when on a low carb
high fat diet.

1219
00:57:42,154 --> 00:57:44,983
Fatty cheeses, fatty
meats, fatty nuts

1220
00:57:45,113 --> 00:57:47,855
and in doing so, even
though their calories

1221
00:57:47,986 --> 00:57:49,335
increase substantially,
even though

1222
00:57:49,466 --> 00:57:52,077
their saturated fat just
jumps through the roof,

1223
00:57:52,207 --> 00:57:55,689
their LDL-C and their total
cholesterol plummeted.

1224
00:57:55,820 --> 00:57:57,474
It's a very unintuitive,
but sure enough

1225
00:57:57,604 --> 00:58:01,478
the more fat they would eat,
the lower their LDL-C.

1226
00:58:01,608 --> 00:58:03,436
Dave Feldman
is not a doctor at all.

1227
00:58:03,567 --> 00:58:07,222
This guy took all of the
science that was available

1228
00:58:07,353 --> 00:58:09,529
and figured it out, yet members

1229
00:58:09,660 --> 00:58:11,183
of a publicly funded Committee

1230
00:58:11,313 --> 00:58:12,880
took ten years to
find nothing and when

1231
00:58:13,011 --> 00:58:15,361
they were pressured to
change recommendations

1232
00:58:15,492 --> 00:58:16,710
with no science to back it up

1233
00:58:16,841 --> 00:58:18,495
they ran around in
circles for a while

1234
00:58:18,625 --> 00:58:19,713
and came out with
the same report

1235
00:58:19,844 --> 00:58:21,410
but this time they
said, oh, you can

1236
00:58:21,541 --> 00:58:23,500
have some meat and some salt.

1237
00:58:23,630 --> 00:58:25,632
I would only argue that Senators

1238
00:58:25,763 --> 00:58:29,027
don't have the luxury that
a research scientist does

1239
00:58:29,157 --> 00:58:32,509
of waiting until every last
shred of evidence is in.

1240
00:58:32,639 --> 00:58:34,989
So there you have
it, the national advice

1241
00:58:35,120 --> 00:58:37,688
that everything you
see today is based on.

1242
00:58:37,818 --> 00:58:41,387
That report was then taken over

1243
00:58:41,518 --> 00:58:43,911
to become Government--
official Government policy

1244
00:58:44,042 --> 00:58:46,435
so it went over to the US
Department of Agriculture

1245
00:58:46,566 --> 00:58:50,178
and by 1980, they came
out with the policy

1246
00:58:50,309 --> 00:58:53,268
which was the dietary
guidelines for all Americans.

1247
00:58:53,399 --> 00:58:55,793
I think it's audacious
that the Government

1248
00:58:55,923 --> 00:58:58,622
based on very weak
evidence should tell

1249
00:58:58,752 --> 00:59:01,581
Americans what to eat, a
healthy population at the time.

1250
00:59:01,712 --> 00:59:03,757
How do you tell some
guy from the Midwest

1251
00:59:03,888 --> 00:59:06,020
who's been living on
beef his entire life

1252
00:59:06,151 --> 00:59:08,457
to start eating vegetables,
especially at that time

1253
00:59:08,588 --> 00:59:10,764
you couldn't get em
year round, you couldn't

1254
00:59:10,895 --> 00:59:13,637
get fruit year round, it
wasn't like it is today

1255
00:59:13,767 --> 00:59:17,510
where we refrigerate and ship
fruits and vegetables
around the world.

1256
00:59:17,641 --> 00:59:19,207
You're telling people
from different parts

1257
00:59:19,338 --> 00:59:21,383
of the United States what to do,

1258
00:59:21,514 --> 00:59:23,385
how to do it and everyone's just

1259
00:59:23,516 --> 00:59:24,604
throwing their hands up, going,

1260
00:59:24,735 --> 00:59:26,084
I'm gonna do the best I can.

1261
00:59:27,651 --> 00:59:29,566
Do I think the
Government was complicit

1262
00:59:29,696 --> 00:59:32,438
in causing this problem, yes.

1263
00:59:32,569 --> 00:59:35,833
Do I think they meant to
do it, absolutely not.

1264
00:59:35,963 --> 00:59:38,575
I think McGovern's heart
was in the right place,

1265
00:59:38,705 --> 00:59:40,489
they just went the
wrong way about it.

1266
00:59:40,620 --> 00:59:43,884
But we went on that experiment
and the Government put us

1267
00:59:43,928 --> 00:59:46,670
on that experiment, they didn't
ask us about it,
they didn't

1268
00:59:46,800 --> 00:59:50,369
ask our advice, they just told
us how to eat, then they
told the food industry,

1269
00:59:50,499 --> 00:59:54,329
uh, asked the food industry to
produce low fat food products.

1270
00:59:54,460 --> 00:59:57,115
Industry
slowly is responding

1271
00:59:57,245 --> 00:59:58,682
to it, producing
foods that are lower

1272
00:59:58,812 --> 01:00:01,075
in salt and fat and
so on and people

1273
01:00:01,206 --> 01:00:02,207
are beginning to
get the message.

1274
01:00:02,337 --> 01:00:04,339
Low cholesterol, no cholesterol,

1275
01:00:04,470 --> 01:00:06,341
-lowers cholesterol.
-Good fat, bad fat,

1276
01:00:06,472 --> 01:00:08,605
-low fat, non-fat.
-Milk suddenly came

1277
01:00:08,735 --> 01:00:12,783
in, you know, a bewildering
number of varieties

1278
01:00:12,913 --> 01:00:16,134
all of them reduced in fat
and whether or not

1279
01:00:16,264 --> 01:00:17,701
it was a result
of the experiment,

1280
01:00:17,831 --> 01:00:20,704
this coincided with
the obesity explosions

1281
01:00:20,834 --> 01:00:23,141
in obesity and diabetes
we've been seeing today.

1282
01:00:27,275 --> 01:00:30,844
The 1980s brought in all
sorts of brand new foods.

1283
01:00:40,637 --> 01:00:42,377
There's a
Dannon body in everybody.

1284
01:00:42,508 --> 01:00:44,336
Unlike some yogurts,
it's low in fat.

1285
01:00:44,466 --> 01:00:45,337
Wow!

1286
01:00:45,467 --> 01:00:47,426
The whole thought pattern was,

1287
01:00:47,556 --> 01:00:49,863
if you didn't eat fat,
you couldn't get fat.

1288
01:00:49,994 --> 01:00:52,344
Not having fat does
not automatically

1289
01:00:52,474 --> 01:00:54,172
make something health food
and that's where

1290
01:00:54,302 --> 01:00:57,001
we get into this
debate about is it just

1291
01:00:57,131 --> 01:00:59,786
calories in, calories out,
does it not matter

1292
01:00:59,917 --> 01:01:01,701
what we eat as long as
we're burning

1293
01:01:01,832 --> 01:01:03,181
enough calories to burn it off?

1294
01:01:03,311 --> 01:01:04,922
We still don't know if
eating a low fat diet

1295
01:01:05,052 --> 01:01:08,186
is a good thing, some of
the smartest scientists

1296
01:01:08,316 --> 01:01:10,579
and the President of the
National Academy of Sciences

1297
01:01:10,710 --> 01:01:13,887
in the late 1970s called
this a huge experiment

1298
01:01:14,018 --> 01:01:17,456
in which the American
public were the subjects.

1299
01:01:29,424 --> 01:01:31,775
Let's examine why
there is so much

1300
01:01:31,905 --> 01:01:34,516
confusion about good nutrition.

1301
01:01:34,647 --> 01:01:36,388
One reason is that
we have been given

1302
01:01:36,518 --> 01:01:38,738
a lot of misinformation, usually

1303
01:01:38,869 --> 01:01:40,479
by those looking
to make a profit.

1304
01:01:40,609 --> 01:01:43,264
-Today, there are still

1305
01:01:43,395 --> 01:01:46,267
many unusual ideas as
to what you should eat.

1306
01:01:49,270 --> 01:01:51,620
People tend to believe
that just because

1307
01:01:51,751 --> 01:01:54,406
it's in print or on
television, it must be true.

1308
01:01:54,536 --> 01:01:56,669
The 80s also
brought in all sorts

1309
01:01:56,800 --> 01:01:58,192
of new fitness trends.

1310
01:02:01,848 --> 01:02:03,589
Make the commitment now

1311
01:02:03,720 --> 01:02:05,591
and watch how fast
you see results.

1312
01:02:08,333 --> 01:02:09,682
Are you ready to do the workout?

1313
01:02:09,813 --> 01:02:13,425
We couldn't get enough
of fitness in the 1980s,

1314
01:02:13,555 --> 01:02:15,819
but although we were
doing all of this,

1315
01:02:15,949 --> 01:02:17,298
we weren't getting any thinner.

1316
01:02:17,429 --> 01:02:19,170
Sugar consumption increases

1317
01:02:19,300 --> 01:02:20,780
in part with the introduction of

1318
01:02:20,911 --> 01:02:22,826
high-fructose corn syrup
and that's

1319
01:02:22,956 --> 01:02:24,915
an unintended
consequence of these

1320
01:02:25,045 --> 01:02:27,526
Government actions,
it's arguably the case

1321
01:02:27,656 --> 01:02:31,573
if they had done
nothing, we wouldn't

1322
01:02:31,704 --> 01:02:32,923
have had this epidemic,
we might have had

1323
01:02:33,053 --> 01:02:36,927
it anyway, but they probably,

1324
01:02:37,057 --> 01:02:39,190
almost assuredly, made it worse.

1325
01:02:39,320 --> 01:02:40,844
For 25 years we've been pushing

1326
01:02:40,974 --> 01:02:43,585
a low fat dogma, that
said eat less fat

1327
01:02:43,716 --> 01:02:47,198
first it said eat less
total fat and you'll have
less heart disease,

1328
01:02:47,328 --> 01:02:51,028
-less cancer and
you'll weigh less.
-But that's not exactly true.

1329
01:02:51,158 --> 01:02:53,900
This started because
there's incontrovertible

1330
01:02:54,031 --> 01:02:56,729
evidence that
saturated fat is bad

1331
01:02:56,860 --> 01:03:00,037
and that is well established
in long-term trials.

1332
01:03:00,167 --> 01:03:02,213
You build up in a
community, institutions

1333
01:03:02,343 --> 01:03:04,868
organizations, everybody
collects to them,

1334
01:03:04,998 --> 01:03:07,914
people who think
just like they do.

1335
01:03:08,045 --> 01:03:10,787
Like we like each other,
we respect each other

1336
01:03:10,917 --> 01:03:13,964
'cause we think alike
you know.

1337
01:03:14,094 --> 01:03:15,269
I know nothing about
you other than that

1338
01:03:15,400 --> 01:03:17,402
you think like I do,
so I respect

1339
01:03:17,532 --> 01:03:20,405
the way you think and
institutions do this

1340
01:03:20,535 --> 01:03:21,798
and then somebody
else comes along

1341
01:03:21,928 --> 01:03:23,974
from the outside
and says, oh you guys

1342
01:03:24,104 --> 01:03:26,367
all got it wrong, look,
here's the evidence,

1343
01:03:26,498 --> 01:03:28,892
all these obese diabetic
people neck-deep

1344
01:03:29,022 --> 01:03:32,025
in obesity and diabetes,
we gotta change everything.

1345
01:03:32,939 --> 01:03:36,900
It's hard to accept,
it's hard to back out of.

1346
01:03:37,030 --> 01:03:38,902
There's no way to back out of it

1347
01:03:39,032 --> 01:03:40,991
that doesn't destroy
your credibility.

1348
01:03:41,600 --> 01:03:44,733
In this country, we
have freedom of choice

1349
01:03:44,864 --> 01:03:47,388
to say what we wanna say,
we have freedom

1350
01:03:47,519 --> 01:03:50,827
of choice to print
what we wanna print

1351
01:03:50,957 --> 01:03:52,829
we have freedom
of choice to think

1352
01:03:52,959 --> 01:03:55,048
what we wanna
think, but we do not

1353
01:03:55,179 --> 01:03:58,008
have freedom of choice
for our own healthcare.

1354
01:03:58,138 --> 01:04:00,967
Why, I guess profit
and politics and power.

1355
01:04:01,098 --> 01:04:05,232
The MDs and nutritionists
and all people

1356
01:04:05,363 --> 01:04:08,192
need to work together
for the total benefit

1357
01:04:08,322 --> 01:04:09,889
of this country's health.

1358
01:04:10,020 --> 01:04:12,805
So in 1992, we did
the most brilliant

1359
01:04:12,936 --> 01:04:14,851
thing we've ever
done as a country.

1360
01:04:14,981 --> 01:04:18,071
We started the food pyramid.

1361
01:04:18,202 --> 01:04:22,119
Now, this is so ridiculous
that I can't even

1362
01:04:22,249 --> 01:04:24,904
ever remember--
because in my own mind

1363
01:04:25,035 --> 01:04:27,211
it makes no sense,
I always have to

1364
01:04:27,341 --> 01:04:29,256
read it off of a piece of paper.

1365
01:04:29,387 --> 01:04:32,433
The pyramid at the base,
the biggest part

1366
01:04:32,564 --> 01:04:34,958
was bread, cereal and rice, six

1367
01:04:35,088 --> 01:04:37,699
to eleven servings,
not per week,

1368
01:04:37,830 --> 01:04:39,179
hang on folks, per day!

1369
01:04:39,310 --> 01:04:40,920
If you went to the
maximum vegetables,

1370
01:04:41,051 --> 01:04:42,443
that's five vegetables a day.

1371
01:04:42,574 --> 01:04:45,055
Five servings, and
fruit, if you went

1372
01:04:45,185 --> 01:04:47,884
to the max, that's four,
that's 20 servings

1373
01:04:48,014 --> 01:04:50,016
of carbohydrates
every day and then

1374
01:04:50,147 --> 01:04:51,931
when you get into
milk and dairy,

1375
01:04:52,062 --> 01:04:54,847
milk has carbohydrates,
there's lactose in milk

1376
01:04:54,978 --> 01:04:56,544
that's like drinking sugar,
and on meat?

1377
01:04:56,675 --> 01:04:59,199
The most you can have
in any given day

1378
01:04:59,330 --> 01:05:02,550
is three servings.
Now it gets even worse

1379
01:05:02,681 --> 01:05:04,204
because we start wondering this,

1380
01:05:04,335 --> 01:05:07,164
what's a serving, what's
a serving of meat?

1381
01:05:07,294 --> 01:05:08,817
They didn't tell you
how many ounces.

1382
01:05:08,948 --> 01:05:11,037
Well I could tell you
it was two to three

1383
01:05:11,168 --> 01:05:13,387
ounces per serving,
but who knew that?

1384
01:05:13,518 --> 01:05:14,911
You gotta
eat the right stuff.

1385
01:05:15,041 --> 01:05:17,348
Start with a little meat,
a little dairy,

1386
01:05:17,478 --> 01:05:19,002
you gotta add a bunch of fruit.

1387
01:05:19,132 --> 01:05:21,613
You have Timon and Pumba
telling people

1388
01:05:21,743 --> 01:05:24,572
-to eat more grains!
-Bread, cereal, rice,

1389
01:05:24,703 --> 01:05:27,488
-noodles.
-And eat a whole lot less fat

1390
01:05:27,619 --> 01:05:29,403
and if you thought
that was ridiculous,

1391
01:05:29,534 --> 01:05:31,623
the servings ad they did give us

1392
01:05:31,753 --> 01:05:34,321
with the food pyramid
did not match

1393
01:05:34,452 --> 01:05:37,063
what the Government told us
that servings should be

1394
01:05:37,194 --> 01:05:39,631
on the packages of food,
those servings,

1395
01:05:39,761 --> 01:05:41,372
which are also mandated
by the Government,

1396
01:05:41,502 --> 01:05:44,375
were completely different
from the servings

1397
01:05:44,505 --> 01:05:46,768
that we heard about
when it came to

1398
01:05:46,899 --> 01:05:48,945
what was on the pyramid.

1399
01:05:49,075 --> 01:05:54,733
The new food label represents
nothing less than a major
victory for the consumer

1400
01:05:54,863 --> 01:05:56,909
and for the public health.

1401
01:05:57,040 --> 01:05:58,476
When you're given a percentage

1402
01:05:58,519 --> 01:06:02,045
and you see that this
is 50% or this is 10%

1403
01:06:02,175 --> 01:06:04,090
of your expected daily total

1404
01:06:04,221 --> 01:06:06,179
then you know very
quickly that this food

1405
01:06:06,310 --> 01:06:07,833
either contributes a lot of fat

1406
01:06:07,964 --> 01:06:10,096
or a little bit of fat
and how to plan

1407
01:06:10,227 --> 01:06:12,185
the rest of your diet
around this particular food.

1408
01:06:12,316 --> 01:06:16,059
This food label which
will be on virtually

1409
01:06:16,189 --> 01:06:20,106
all foods, will be a
benchmark for nutrition

1410
01:06:20,237 --> 01:06:24,458
information well into
the 21st century.

1411
01:06:24,589 --> 01:06:26,808
The Government makes
the manufacturers

1412
01:06:26,939 --> 01:06:30,029
put the product ingredient
list and the amount

1413
01:06:30,160 --> 01:06:34,207
in which it appears on the
package. If the number one
thing is grains,

1414
01:06:34,338 --> 01:06:38,298
you will rice first, if
the second thing is sugar
you will see sugar second.

1415
01:06:38,429 --> 01:06:40,518
These companies got
really smart at some point

1416
01:06:40,648 --> 01:06:42,259
and figured out
hey, wait a minute

1417
01:06:42,389 --> 01:06:44,174
we can't do it this
way because people

1418
01:06:44,304 --> 01:06:47,090
are seeing sugar,
sugar, sugar, sugar,

1419
01:06:47,220 --> 01:06:50,528
so what they do is they name
the sugars other things.

1420
01:06:50,658 --> 01:06:54,184
At last count, we
were at 70 names.

1421
01:06:54,314 --> 01:06:57,230
70 different names
for sugar on packages.

1422
01:07:01,017 --> 01:07:03,106
Let's say you're
diabetic, Type 1, Type 2

1423
01:07:03,236 --> 01:07:05,282
it doesn't matter,
if you don't know how

1424
01:07:05,412 --> 01:07:09,286
to read these labels, your
life hangs in the balance.

1425
01:07:09,416 --> 01:07:11,723
This is the world
we live in, this is

1426
01:07:11,853 --> 01:07:14,030
our society, this
is our community

1427
01:07:14,160 --> 01:07:16,945
and if we don't fix it,
who will? No one will.

1428
01:07:17,076 --> 01:07:20,210
The food label has become
a veritable minefield

1429
01:07:20,340 --> 01:07:22,125
of misleading and
downright false claims.

1430
01:07:22,777 --> 01:07:24,692
And many in Congress
feel the same way

1431
01:07:24,823 --> 01:07:26,042
they're concerned
that any confusion

1432
01:07:26,172 --> 01:07:27,739
over the truthfulness
of health claims

1433
01:07:27,869 --> 01:07:30,046
could be dangerous because
the potential benefit

1434
01:07:30,176 --> 01:07:31,873
of displaying important
health information

1435
01:07:32,004 --> 01:07:34,137
on food labels would
be lost if consumers

1436
01:07:34,267 --> 01:07:35,964
lose confidence in what
they're being told.

1437
01:07:36,095 --> 01:07:37,966
When I was a kid
in the late 70s,

1438
01:07:38,097 --> 01:07:42,188
the term metabolic syndrome
did not exist at all.

1439
01:07:42,449 --> 01:07:44,886
Metabolic syndrome
is not one thing

1440
01:07:45,017 --> 01:07:47,889
it's several things,
it's fatty liver disease

1441
01:07:48,020 --> 01:07:49,935
it's Type 2 diabetes,
something else

1442
01:07:50,066 --> 01:07:52,894
that barely existed in
the 70s, we have people

1443
01:07:53,025 --> 01:07:55,593
on statins and
metformin, none of this

1444
01:07:55,723 --> 01:07:58,944
existed in this quantity
in the 70s.

1445
01:07:59,075 --> 01:08:02,513
We've gone from here to here
in just a few short years.

1446
01:08:02,643 --> 01:08:05,168
So the same foods in
my mother's generation

1447
01:08:05,298 --> 01:08:08,084
grew up believing would
go right to their hips.

1448
01:08:08,214 --> 01:08:10,869
You know, by the 1980s,
we were being told

1449
01:08:10,999 --> 01:08:13,306
to eat six to eleven
servings per day

1450
01:08:13,437 --> 01:08:15,308
they were the base of
the food diet pyramid

1451
01:08:15,439 --> 01:08:19,182
in the 1990s and they coincided
with this obesity epidemic.

1452
01:08:26,014 --> 01:08:27,277
I mean we couldn't
have screwed up

1453
01:08:27,407 --> 01:08:29,540
the science of obesity more
if we had tried.

1454
01:08:30,628 --> 01:08:32,064
We don't know what to do.

1455
01:08:32,195 --> 01:08:33,631
Nutrition experts,
the establishment,

1456
01:08:33,761 --> 01:08:35,937
the orthodoxy, just
doesn't know what to do

1457
01:08:36,068 --> 01:08:37,156
so they continue raising money

1458
01:08:37,287 --> 01:08:38,549
for the American
Heart Association,

1459
01:08:38,679 --> 01:08:39,854
the American
Diabetes Association,

1460
01:08:39,985 --> 01:08:41,595
but they don't
have any new ideas.

1461
01:08:43,467 --> 01:08:45,338
They keep saying just keep
applying the advice
that we've given you

1462
01:08:45,469 --> 01:08:48,080
and somehow, it'll turn out
different this time.

1463
01:08:48,211 --> 01:08:49,951
One of the things
that I always say is

1464
01:08:50,082 --> 01:08:51,997
why not just be
open to new ideas?

1465
01:08:52,128 --> 01:08:54,130
Like, here's some other
ideas coming along

1466
01:08:54,260 --> 01:08:55,870
let's just consider them.
Don't we have

1467
01:08:56,001 --> 01:08:58,308
an obligation to the
public to consider

1468
01:08:58,438 --> 01:08:59,787
at least, other ideas?

1469
01:09:01,963 --> 01:09:05,271
You're about to meet a father who refused to give up, a man who defied

1470
01:09:05,402 --> 01:09:07,621
the doctors and went
looking for a miracle.

1471
01:09:07,752 --> 01:09:10,624
My generation remembers
Jim Abrahams quite well.

1472
01:09:10,755 --> 01:09:12,670
He did some of our
favorite movies

1473
01:09:12,800 --> 01:09:15,107
like Airplane!and
Hot Shots!and all

1474
01:09:15,238 --> 01:09:17,153
of these funny movies
in the 70s and 80s.

1475
01:09:17,283 --> 01:09:20,460
Well it wasn't very
funny when Jim Abrahams

1476
01:09:20,591 --> 01:09:24,856
had a 16 month old son
who was having

1477
01:09:24,986 --> 01:09:27,337
seizure after
seizure after seizure

1478
01:09:27,467 --> 01:09:30,296
and he was going-- because he
was a big producer

1479
01:09:30,427 --> 01:09:32,429
and he had the means,
he went to the top

1480
01:09:32,559 --> 01:09:34,039
doctors In the United States.

1481
01:09:34,170 --> 01:09:36,389
And at the time,
Charlie was averaging

1482
01:09:36,520 --> 01:09:38,565
about a dozen seizures a day.

1483
01:09:38,696 --> 01:09:42,090
He was on four
anti-epileptic medicines.

1484
01:09:42,221 --> 01:09:44,310
If you have a
critically ill kid,

1485
01:09:44,441 --> 01:09:47,922
what would your choice be?

1486
01:09:48,053 --> 01:09:51,883
Do you wanna drug him, do
you wanna cut his brain

1487
01:09:52,013 --> 01:09:54,015
or do you wanna
change what he eats?

1488
01:09:54,146 --> 01:09:55,669
And it just seems obvious to me.

1489
01:09:55,800 --> 01:09:57,280
This is not to blame doctors.

1490
01:09:57,410 --> 01:10:00,413
Doctors are spread
really thin and they have

1491
01:10:00,544 --> 01:10:02,067
to try to do the best they can,

1492
01:10:02,198 --> 01:10:04,548
but it was Jim who
figured out on his own

1493
01:10:04,678 --> 01:10:08,204
by going to a library
in the hospital

1494
01:10:08,334 --> 01:10:10,206
and just happened to open a book

1495
01:10:10,336 --> 01:10:13,992
to a page that showed
the ketogenic diet

1496
01:10:14,122 --> 01:10:17,169
as being the best way to deal
with seizures in infants.

1497
01:10:17,300 --> 01:10:18,823
The book claimed
that experts here

1498
01:10:18,953 --> 01:10:21,129
in Baltimore were
perfecting something called

1499
01:10:21,260 --> 01:10:24,307
the ketogenic diet,
a diet consisting

1500
01:10:24,437 --> 01:10:26,134
largely of something
most doctors

1501
01:10:26,265 --> 01:10:28,528
-tell us to avoid.
-I called Dr. Freeman

1502
01:10:28,659 --> 01:10:31,052
from Johns Hopkins,
told him about Charlie

1503
01:10:31,183 --> 01:10:34,142
and he said, send
his medical records,

1504
01:10:34,273 --> 01:10:37,320
we did and he said,
well bring Charlie

1505
01:10:37,450 --> 01:10:39,060
out to Hopkins and
we'll try the diet

1506
01:10:39,191 --> 01:10:42,238
and we started the diet
and in two days

1507
01:10:42,368 --> 01:10:43,239
his seizures were gone.

1508
01:10:44,283 --> 01:10:46,329
- Two days?
-Two days.

1509
01:10:46,459 --> 01:10:49,375
Jim was angry
and puzzled that none

1510
01:10:49,506 --> 01:10:53,031
of the six doctors
he went to for help
ever mentioned the diet.

1511
01:10:53,161 --> 01:10:54,902
What has stopped
Charlie's seizures

1512
01:10:55,033 --> 01:10:57,209
has been in existence
for 70 years,

1513
01:10:57,340 --> 01:10:59,820
it's been sitting there,
it was waiting for him.

1514
01:10:59,951 --> 01:11:02,693
You had some knowledge
that this diet

1515
01:11:02,823 --> 01:11:05,435
was probably working
back at Johns Hopkins

1516
01:11:05,565 --> 01:11:09,830
and yet you dissuaded
the Abrahams from attempting it.
How come?

1517
01:11:09,961 --> 01:11:14,444
Well, because I don't think we
had exhausted all of the medical
approaches yet.

1518
01:11:14,748 --> 01:11:20,276
Uh... There were actually
still other medications
that we hadn't tried yet.

1519
01:11:20,406 --> 01:11:22,539
Dr. Freeman tells us
that 50 to 70%

1520
01:11:22,669 --> 01:11:24,280
of the patients that
come through his doors

1521
01:11:24,410 --> 01:11:27,152
and get put on a diet
have success.

1522
01:11:27,587 --> 01:11:31,025
Can you think of any drugs
in these hard cases

1523
01:11:31,156 --> 01:11:33,289
that have 50 to 70%
success rates.

1524
01:11:33,419 --> 01:11:36,553
Probably not anything that
comes up to that level.

1525
01:11:36,683 --> 01:11:39,947
In another month, Dr. Freeman
weaned him off

1526
01:11:40,078 --> 01:11:43,342
all four anti-epileptic
medicines and

1527
01:11:44,604 --> 01:11:48,304
Charlie went from a
prognosis of a lifetime

1528
01:11:48,434 --> 01:11:51,916
of seizures and what they
call "progressive retardation"

1529
01:11:52,046 --> 01:11:55,267
to we got our son back
and his smile is back

1530
01:11:55,398 --> 01:11:58,836
and he was happy again,
and our family

1531
01:11:58,966 --> 01:12:00,403
could go on with life.

1532
01:12:00,533 --> 01:12:04,624
This is Charlie Abrahams
and his mom, Nancy.

1533
01:12:04,755 --> 01:12:07,279
I've known him since
birth, I watched

1534
01:12:07,410 --> 01:12:09,455
his delightful
personality emerge

1535
01:12:09,586 --> 01:12:11,849
through a normal first year,
I witnessed

1536
01:12:11,979 --> 01:12:14,330
his debilitating
battle with seizures

1537
01:12:14,460 --> 01:12:16,984
and medicines, I
rejoiced with his family

1538
01:12:17,115 --> 01:12:20,379
when the ketogenic diet
stopped his epilepsy

1539
01:12:20,510 --> 01:12:22,642
and now I derive
strength and joy

1540
01:12:22,773 --> 01:12:24,340
like so many of
his other friends

1541
01:12:24,470 --> 01:12:27,299
as we watch him begin
to develop again.

1542
01:12:27,430 --> 01:12:29,736
It's too early to tell
whether the nine months

1543
01:12:29,867 --> 01:12:32,130
of pummeling from
seizures and medicines

1544
01:12:32,260 --> 01:12:34,959
did any permanent damage
to Charlie's brain.

1545
01:12:35,089 --> 01:12:37,265
If he has anything
to say on that matter

1546
01:12:37,396 --> 01:12:40,834
I know they won't,
however, it's not too early

1547
01:12:40,965 --> 01:12:43,402
to tell that had
Charlie's parents

1548
01:12:43,533 --> 01:12:45,273
been informed about
the existence of

1549
01:12:45,404 --> 01:12:48,146
the ketogenic diet
when he first got sick,

1550
01:12:48,276 --> 01:12:50,496
and about the success
they've had with it

1551
01:12:50,627 --> 01:12:53,238
at Johns Hopkins,
a vast majority

1552
01:12:53,369 --> 01:12:55,762
of Charlie's seizures
would not have occurred.

1553
01:12:55,893 --> 01:12:59,157
And most of his $100,000
worth of medical,

1554
01:12:59,287 --> 01:13:02,595
surgical and drug treatment
would not have been necessary.

1555
01:13:06,077 --> 01:13:11,430
Even today, 1.5 out
of every 10,000 people

1556
01:13:11,561 --> 01:13:15,826
with epilepsy who would
benefit from a ketogenic diet

1557
01:13:15,956 --> 01:13:19,395
are using it today.
Doctors are not taught

1558
01:13:19,525 --> 01:13:24,400
diet therapy or even
nutrition in medical school,

1559
01:13:24,530 --> 01:13:27,359
they just simply aren't.
Try an informal

1560
01:13:27,490 --> 01:13:29,274
survey on your own,
next time you see

1561
01:13:29,405 --> 01:13:31,407
a doctor, your
doctor, any doctor,

1562
01:13:31,537 --> 01:13:33,583
say, "When you were
in medical school,

1563
01:13:33,713 --> 01:13:37,456
how long were you, how much time

1564
01:13:37,587 --> 01:13:39,676
did you spend
investigating and learning

1565
01:13:39,806 --> 01:13:42,156
about nutrition
and diet therapy?"

1566
01:13:42,287 --> 01:13:44,942
I didn't really have
much nutritional
training like most doctors.

1567
01:13:45,072 --> 01:13:47,031
In four years of
psychiatry training,

1568
01:13:47,161 --> 01:13:48,728
we didn't talk about food once.

1569
01:13:48,859 --> 01:13:51,252
The extent of my training,
I got in nutrition,

1570
01:13:51,383 --> 01:13:54,299
let's see, year one,
two, three, four

1571
01:13:54,430 --> 01:13:56,040
then four years of
residency, zero.

1572
01:14:00,174 --> 01:14:02,699
Zero, I got zero
in addiction too.

1573
01:14:02,829 --> 01:14:04,744
Zero in nutrition,
zero in addiction.

1574
01:14:04,875 --> 01:14:07,834
We were-- we were so damn busy
taking care of sick

1575
01:14:07,965 --> 01:14:09,575
taking care of
illness and trying

1576
01:14:09,706 --> 01:14:11,534
to push that back and save lives

1577
01:14:11,664 --> 01:14:13,144
that trying to prevent illness

1578
01:14:13,274 --> 01:14:14,537
was not really on our radar.

1579
01:14:17,061 --> 01:14:20,543
I feel anger, I'm pissed off

1580
01:14:20,673 --> 01:14:25,156
and again, I think
that part-- that the reasons

1581
01:14:25,286 --> 01:14:28,202
that the diet hasn't
become more popular

1582
01:14:28,333 --> 01:14:30,596
has nothing to do
with efficacy at all.

1583
01:14:30,727 --> 01:14:33,947
It has to do with
revenue sources

1584
01:14:34,078 --> 01:14:36,559
that are more lucrative.
The ketogenic diet

1585
01:14:36,689 --> 01:14:39,344
isn't that expensive,
the problem is

1586
01:14:39,475 --> 01:14:43,391
it doesn't generate revenue
for the medical world.

1587
01:14:43,522 --> 01:14:46,960
There are powerful
forces at work

1588
01:14:47,091 --> 01:14:50,094
in our medical system
that have nothing

1589
01:14:50,224 --> 01:14:51,225
to do with good health.

1590
01:14:51,661 --> 01:14:53,401
My patients have
been getting fatter

1591
01:14:53,532 --> 01:14:55,752
and sicker over
the last few decades

1592
01:14:55,882 --> 01:14:58,189
and in particular,
we're starting to see

1593
01:14:58,319 --> 01:15:00,626
diabetes out of control,
and that changes everything.

1594
01:15:01,714 --> 01:15:03,542
I used to see the
occasional person

1595
01:15:03,673 --> 01:15:05,631
who needed diabetic
foot ulcer management

1596
01:15:05,762 --> 01:15:09,156
and needing an amputation,
and it started becoming
virtually weekly.

1597
01:15:09,287 --> 01:15:13,683
When you come into a clinic
and there's patients

1598
01:15:13,813 --> 01:15:17,295
with, you know, rotting flesh
and it is rotting flesh

1599
01:15:17,425 --> 01:15:21,386
and it smells bad, it looks bad

1600
01:15:21,517 --> 01:15:23,649
and all you're doing
is just trimming

1601
01:15:23,780 --> 01:15:26,696
off a little bit of foot,
starts with a toe,

1602
01:15:26,826 --> 01:15:29,525
starts with an ulcer,
then it moves up the foot

1603
01:15:29,655 --> 01:15:34,530
and sometimes you know,
you get to a point after
doing two or three operations

1604
01:15:34,660 --> 01:15:37,707
it's been going a couple of
months and then the decision
is you've actually

1605
01:15:37,837 --> 01:15:38,664
got to chop that leg off.

1606
01:15:42,799 --> 01:15:45,062
There's something
which really upsets me

1607
01:15:45,192 --> 01:15:46,716
and that's when you
actually amputate

1608
01:15:46,846 --> 01:15:49,240
someone's limb, there's
a sound of actually

1609
01:15:49,370 --> 01:15:50,981
dropping that leg into a bucket.

1610
01:15:53,940 --> 01:15:56,116
I don't want anyone to hear
that, you know, that noise,

1611
01:15:56,247 --> 01:16:01,034
it's just... Yeah it's just
sickening, I started talking

1612
01:16:01,165 --> 01:16:03,341
to my patients
about reducing sugar

1613
01:16:03,471 --> 01:16:05,082
and the benefits were immediate.

1614
01:16:05,212 --> 01:16:08,564
Not only would the peoples
fatty liver disease

1615
01:16:08,694 --> 01:16:11,697
get better, not only
would all of their blood

1616
01:16:11,828 --> 01:16:13,830
numbers get better, but in fact,

1617
01:16:13,960 --> 01:16:17,485
he would not have to end up
chopping off a foot or a leg.

1618
01:16:17,616 --> 01:16:20,663
I then went to the
hospital dieticians

1619
01:16:20,793 --> 01:16:22,447
and said hang on, this
is really exciting

1620
01:16:22,578 --> 01:16:25,189
this stuff about sugar,
started talking about it

1621
01:16:25,319 --> 01:16:28,671
to the staff and then
I started implementing

1622
01:16:28,801 --> 01:16:31,848
a sugar reduction
for my patients,

1623
01:16:31,978 --> 01:16:33,589
only to find out
that I was starting

1624
01:16:33,719 --> 01:16:35,068
to tread on some big toes.

1625
01:16:35,199 --> 01:16:37,810
The dieticians then
started kicking up

1626
01:16:37,941 --> 01:16:40,596
a stink about that involving
their parent organization,

1627
01:16:40,726 --> 01:16:42,815
the Dieticians
Association of Australia

1628
01:16:42,946 --> 01:16:46,819
who started becoming
involved into pressuring

1629
01:16:46,950 --> 01:16:48,604
the hospital into silencing me.

1630
01:16:48,734 --> 01:16:50,823
We received evidence in Sydney

1631
01:16:50,954 --> 01:16:53,478
from a medical
practitioner in Tasmania,

1632
01:16:53,609 --> 01:16:57,874
Dr. Gary Fettke,
he gave the evidence to

1633
01:16:58,004 --> 01:16:59,832
the Committee in the
morning of our hearing

1634
01:16:59,963 --> 01:17:03,923
in Sydney, three hours
later, he received

1635
01:17:04,054 --> 01:17:05,751
an official caution from APRA.

1636
01:17:05,882 --> 01:17:07,274
The first time I heard
this story,

1637
01:17:07,405 --> 01:17:08,580
I just thought it was a joke.

1638
01:17:08,711 --> 01:17:11,017
The Boards actual
statement requires

1639
01:17:11,148 --> 01:17:13,672
that doctors double check
that their personal beliefs

1640
01:17:13,803 --> 01:17:15,848
don't compromise care,
that they don't put

1641
01:17:15,979 --> 01:17:18,285
their commercial interest
in front of patients

1642
01:17:18,416 --> 01:17:20,287
and lastly, doctors
should provide

1643
01:17:20,418 --> 01:17:22,463
appropriate dietary advice.

1644
01:17:22,594 --> 01:17:24,814
Ultimately, the Medical
Board made a ruling

1645
01:17:24,944 --> 01:17:29,166
that I am now the only
doctor as far as we know

1646
01:17:29,296 --> 01:17:31,647
in the world to be
banned from advising

1647
01:17:31,777 --> 01:17:35,215
his patients to reduce their
sugar and junk food intake.

1648
01:17:36,564 --> 01:17:39,045
And if that sounds crazy,
then that's what it is.

1649
01:17:39,872 --> 01:17:43,789
We recognize that uh, the--
being subject

1650
01:17:43,920 --> 01:17:45,922
to the notifications
process for a practitioner

1651
01:17:46,052 --> 01:17:48,794
can be an extraordinarily
stressful, uh, thing

1652
01:17:48,925 --> 01:17:51,928
because there are pretty
serious issues at stake

1653
01:17:52,058 --> 01:17:53,581
ultimately in terms
of their practice

1654
01:17:53,712 --> 01:17:56,367
-of their profession and--
-And their reputation.

1655
01:17:56,497 --> 01:18:00,240
And their reputation
and, uh, despite the fact

1656
01:18:00,371 --> 01:18:02,286
that we are not
punitive in our focus,

1657
01:18:02,416 --> 01:18:03,722
we are protective in our focus

1658
01:18:03,853 --> 01:18:06,246
and our mandate is a
public protection focus

1659
01:18:06,377 --> 01:18:08,118
we understand and
appreciate that it may not

1660
01:18:08,248 --> 01:18:09,989
feel like that for
the practitioner

1661
01:18:10,120 --> 01:18:11,295
involved in the process.

1662
01:18:11,425 --> 01:18:12,775
For a long time, I
couldn't actually

1663
01:18:12,905 --> 01:18:14,777
work out why there
was anything actually

1664
01:18:14,907 --> 01:18:17,083
against what I
was talking about,

1665
01:18:17,214 --> 01:18:20,478
everything about reducing
sugar and carbohydrate

1666
01:18:20,608 --> 01:18:22,872
is basic biochemistry,
it's in the first

1667
01:18:23,002 --> 01:18:27,659
hundred pages of textbooks,
so there's nothing

1668
01:18:27,790 --> 01:18:30,967
extreme about it, once
you see the results

1669
01:18:31,097 --> 01:18:34,753
of reducing sugar and carbs,
particularly in diabetes,

1670
01:18:34,884 --> 01:18:36,276
you can't unsee them.

1671
01:18:36,407 --> 01:18:40,411
You know, at this point,
I think there is active

1672
01:18:40,541 --> 01:18:42,413
suppression of this science,

1673
01:18:42,543 --> 01:18:44,937
and this has been
going on since the 60s.

1674
01:18:45,068 --> 01:18:46,722
One of the things I found
in my research,

1675
01:18:46,852 --> 01:18:49,507
the biggest ever test of
Ancel Keys' hypothesis

1676
01:18:49,637 --> 01:18:51,814
was something called The
Minnesota Coronary Survey

1677
01:18:51,944 --> 01:18:54,904
it was on more than nine
thousand men and women

1678
01:18:55,034 --> 01:18:59,299
in five Minnesota mental
hospitals, which was a really
well-controlled study

1679
01:18:59,430 --> 01:19:02,825
because somebody in a hospital,
you can control everything
they're eating.

1680
01:19:02,955 --> 01:19:07,003
They gave half the people what
was considered the normal
amount of saturated fat,

1681
01:19:07,133 --> 01:19:10,658
regular milk, regular meat,
cheese, butter etcetera.

1682
01:19:10,789 --> 01:19:13,749
The other half they
gave 9% saturated fats

1683
01:19:13,879 --> 01:19:15,707
soy-filled milk,
soy-filled cheese,

1684
01:19:15,838 --> 01:19:18,536
soy-filled burgers, they
found that the people

1685
01:19:18,666 --> 01:19:21,844
on the vegetable oil,
soy-filled diets

1686
01:19:21,974 --> 01:19:24,716
there was no effect on
cardiovascular mortality

1687
01:19:24,847 --> 01:19:26,631
or total mortality. That study

1688
01:19:26,762 --> 01:19:29,460
was not published for 16 years.

1689
01:19:30,591 --> 01:19:31,897
One of the principle
investigators,

1690
01:19:32,028 --> 01:19:33,638
Ivan Frantz was
asked by a journalist

1691
01:19:33,769 --> 01:19:35,509
why did you not
publish this study?

1692
01:19:35,640 --> 01:19:37,860
He said well, there was
really nothing wrong with it

1693
01:19:37,990 --> 01:19:40,993
we were just so disappointed
in the way it came out.

1694
01:19:41,341 --> 01:19:44,910
Well that's basically
scientific fraud,

1695
01:19:45,041 --> 01:19:46,085
not publishing your results.

1696
01:19:47,870 --> 01:19:51,787
I started to ask the
question what got in the way?

1697
01:19:51,917 --> 01:19:55,094
What's withholding the message?

1698
01:19:55,225 --> 01:19:59,969
Well, there is a
pharmaceutical and medical

1699
01:20:00,099 --> 01:20:02,841
device industry
that makes billions

1700
01:20:02,972 --> 01:20:05,975
selling their
products to doctors

1701
01:20:06,105 --> 01:20:09,500
who have no interest
in diet therapy.

1702
01:20:09,630 --> 01:20:14,505
There, uh, is a sugar
industry that adds

1703
01:20:14,635 --> 01:20:17,464
sugar to all of
our processed foods

1704
01:20:17,900 --> 01:20:21,512
that has no interest in
promoting a sugar-free diet.

1705
01:20:21,642 --> 01:20:25,124
There is a cardiology
community led by

1706
01:20:25,255 --> 01:20:27,605
the American Heart Association

1707
01:20:27,735 --> 01:20:31,130
that has been spreading
misinformation

1708
01:20:31,261 --> 01:20:35,178
about a high-fat diet
based on flawed science

1709
01:20:35,308 --> 01:20:37,180
for over 70 years.

1710
01:20:37,310 --> 01:20:39,182
Those diets have
been used in children

1711
01:20:39,312 --> 01:20:41,532
for many years who have epilepsy

1712
01:20:41,662 --> 01:20:43,273
and those children show definite

1713
01:20:43,403 --> 01:20:46,406
cognitive dysfunction,
also those diets.

1714
01:20:46,537 --> 01:20:48,147
Which means they don't
think as clearly.

1715
01:20:48,278 --> 01:20:49,845
-That's right.
-Those children are also

1716
01:20:49,975 --> 01:20:51,498
children who have as
many, they're intransigent

1717
01:20:51,629 --> 01:20:52,848
childhood epilepsy,
they have as many

1718
01:20:52,978 --> 01:20:55,851
as 400 seizures a month,
they're untreatable

1719
01:20:55,981 --> 01:20:58,636
by drugs, they go on
the diet, and the diets

1720
01:20:58,766 --> 01:21:01,465
I think it cures 33%
of them, cures them.

1721
01:21:01,595 --> 01:21:04,903
The epilepsy and then
they aren't able to think.

1722
01:21:05,034 --> 01:21:10,169
Today Charlie is a
elementary school teacher

1723
01:21:10,300 --> 01:21:12,868
a certificate in early
childhood education,

1724
01:21:12,998 --> 01:21:16,784
he boxes, he plays
piano, and we are

1725
01:21:17,742 --> 01:21:21,224
beyond grateful every day
for his outcome.

1726
01:21:21,354 --> 01:21:23,356
I'm not sure what
would have become of me

1727
01:21:23,487 --> 01:21:26,707
if my family hadn't
found the ketogenic diet.

1728
01:21:26,838 --> 01:21:30,407
But I doubt that today,
I would be an A student

1729
01:21:30,537 --> 01:21:32,931
in high school with
lots of friends.

1730
01:21:33,062 --> 01:21:35,368
I doubt I would have been
playing piano

1731
01:21:35,499 --> 01:21:37,066
for the last eight years
and I doubt

1732
01:21:37,196 --> 01:21:39,720
I could hit an 8 iron
a 160 yards.

1733
01:21:40,852 --> 01:21:43,115
And they just couldn't accept
that they were
dealing with these

1734
01:21:43,246 --> 01:21:46,031
intractable conditions
and not just pediatric

1735
01:21:46,162 --> 01:21:48,642
epilepsy, but obesity is
an intractable condition,

1736
01:21:48,773 --> 01:21:51,907
diabetes, Type 2 diabetes
is an intractable condition,

1737
01:21:52,037 --> 01:21:53,909
Type 1 is, and here
you have this diet

1738
01:21:54,039 --> 01:21:56,563
that appears to put these
conditions into remission.

1739
01:21:56,694 --> 01:21:59,044
The establishment here,
represented

1740
01:21:59,175 --> 01:22:01,046
by our friends, its
a little too dogmatic

1741
01:22:01,177 --> 01:22:02,918
and that we may
never know the truth

1742
01:22:03,048 --> 01:22:05,746
unless we acknowledge that
there is a counter-theory

1743
01:22:05,877 --> 01:22:07,487
that has never been
tested and that

1744
01:22:07,618 --> 01:22:09,054
that theory more and more people

1745
01:22:09,185 --> 01:22:11,970
are beginning to accept
parts of the theory,

1746
01:22:12,101 --> 01:22:14,146
as being legitimate
and that it could

1747
01:22:14,277 --> 01:22:15,800
answer a lot of problems
and it could

1748
01:22:15,931 --> 01:22:17,584
even make it easier for
Americans to lose weight.

1749
01:22:17,715 --> 01:22:19,369
People are able to
reverse diabetes,

1750
01:22:19,499 --> 01:22:21,806
people are able to lose
weight sustainably.

1751
01:22:21,937 --> 01:22:24,504
Most, if not all
cardiovascular risk factors

1752
01:22:24,635 --> 01:22:26,942
are improved along
the way on a lower

1753
01:22:27,072 --> 01:22:30,989
carbohydrate diet. That diet
ought to be at least considered.

1754
01:22:31,120 --> 01:22:33,122
If it turns out to be true,
I'll be the first

1755
01:22:33,252 --> 01:22:34,906
to change my mind,
but show me the data.

1756
01:22:35,037 --> 01:22:36,952
Well, here's
just one study that says

1757
01:22:37,082 --> 01:22:39,389
that long term ketosis
reduces body weight,

1758
01:22:39,519 --> 01:22:42,261
triglycerides, LDL,
and blood glucose

1759
01:22:42,392 --> 01:22:44,394
and shows that it's
safe to use a long term

1760
01:22:44,524 --> 01:22:46,526
-ketogenic diet.
-You can lose weight on

1761
01:22:46,657 --> 01:22:48,137
a plant-based diet,
you can lose weight

1762
01:22:48,267 --> 01:22:50,487
on a ketogenic diet, but are you

1763
01:22:50,617 --> 01:22:51,967
mortgaging your health
when you do that,

1764
01:22:52,097 --> 01:22:54,012
and the answer is yes,
the ketogenic diet

1765
01:22:54,143 --> 01:22:56,145
when you look at the
arteries of people

1766
01:22:56,275 --> 01:22:58,495
or animals that go
on a ketogenic diet

1767
01:22:58,625 --> 01:23:00,062
they tend to be more clogged,

1768
01:23:00,192 --> 01:23:01,237
even though...

1769
01:23:03,195 --> 01:23:06,416
Imagine someone who spent
his whole career getting the
wrong answer,

1770
01:23:06,546 --> 01:23:08,157
and not only getting the wrong
answer, getting the wrong

1771
01:23:08,287 --> 01:23:09,985
answer that dangerous,
that actually

1772
01:23:10,115 --> 01:23:12,552
may have killed
tens of thousands

1773
01:23:12,683 --> 01:23:14,467
of hundreds of
thousands of people.

1774
01:23:14,598 --> 01:23:16,121
Millions of people
prematurely, there's no

1775
01:23:16,252 --> 01:23:17,993
way to tell, then
these outsiders

1776
01:23:18,123 --> 01:23:20,125
come along and say you're wrong,

1777
01:23:20,256 --> 01:23:23,128
not only are you wrong,
you're completely wrong

1778
01:23:23,259 --> 01:23:25,870
or not even wrong
it's so senseless

1779
01:23:26,001 --> 01:23:27,263
what you've been doing
and you're killing people

1780
01:23:27,393 --> 01:23:29,004
and you have to switch.
I don't think

1781
01:23:29,134 --> 01:23:31,484
any human being, I mean
were just not wired

1782
01:23:31,615 --> 01:23:34,574
to be able to say oh
yeah, that's a good point

1783
01:23:34,705 --> 01:23:36,098
I get it, I see
what you're saying

1784
01:23:36,228 --> 01:23:39,275
and I'm sorry. And if
you're an institution

1785
01:23:39,405 --> 01:23:41,016
like the American
Heart Association,

1786
01:23:41,146 --> 01:23:43,322
I mean imagine the press release

1787
01:23:43,453 --> 01:23:45,194
you would have to write,
"Dear American public

1788
01:23:45,324 --> 01:23:47,892
we're sorry if we
killed prematurely

1789
01:23:48,023 --> 01:23:50,503
your loved ones and your parents

1790
01:23:50,634 --> 01:23:53,071
and maybe we're killing
you, but in retrospect

1791
01:23:53,202 --> 01:23:56,074
we shouldn't have given
the advice we did."

1792
01:23:56,205 --> 01:23:59,947
-You know, we think

1793
01:24:00,078 --> 01:24:02,950
about corporations are--
our Government

1794
01:24:03,081 --> 01:24:07,042
which is a corporation,
and the first question is

1795
01:24:07,172 --> 01:24:10,045
do we blame them?
Well, you can't hurt

1796
01:24:10,175 --> 01:24:12,177
the Government's feelings,
you can't hurt

1797
01:24:12,308 --> 01:24:14,049
the corporations'
feeling because

1798
01:24:14,179 --> 01:24:16,703
corporations and
governments are not people.

1799
01:24:17,443 --> 01:24:20,229
They're machines, they're
just big giant machines

1800
01:24:20,359 --> 01:24:23,710
and any person in that
machine is just a cog

1801
01:24:23,841 --> 01:24:25,582
and there's no way to
hurt anyone's feelings

1802
01:24:25,712 --> 01:24:27,671
or to get on anyone's bad side.

1803
01:24:27,801 --> 01:24:29,368
It's just a machine
that keeps running.

1804
01:24:31,588 --> 01:24:34,982
Decisions of a nation,
and of a Government

1805
01:24:35,113 --> 01:24:38,160
that at one time could tolerate

1806
01:24:38,290 --> 01:24:41,815
three or four weeks
of study, now demand

1807
01:24:41,946 --> 01:24:45,428
almost instantaneous a reaction.

1808
01:24:45,558 --> 01:24:47,082
The people of the United States

1809
01:24:47,212 --> 01:24:51,695
recognize one by one,
thousand by thousand,

1810
01:24:51,825 --> 01:24:54,089
million by million
that this I a problem

1811
01:24:54,219 --> 01:24:56,656
which solution is long overdue.

1812
01:24:56,787 --> 01:24:59,485
Long before Lyndon Johnson
came into position

1813
01:24:59,616 --> 01:25:02,140
of power, our leaders
were recommending

1814
01:25:02,271 --> 01:25:06,101
great advances in the
field of civil rights

1815
01:25:06,231 --> 01:25:07,972
and great advances in
the field of health

1816
01:25:08,103 --> 01:25:09,669
and things of that nature.

1817
01:25:09,800 --> 01:25:12,716
Uh, I just happened to
be the catalyst.

1818
01:25:12,846 --> 01:25:15,414
We're living in a fast age
and all of us

1819
01:25:15,545 --> 01:25:17,112
are rather impatient.

1820
01:25:17,242 --> 01:25:20,115
I am proposing today a new
national health strategy.

1821
01:25:20,245 --> 01:25:23,161
Emphasizes keeping people well,

1822
01:25:23,292 --> 01:25:25,424
not just making people well.

1823
01:25:25,555 --> 01:25:28,123
I do envision the
day when we may use

1824
01:25:28,253 --> 01:25:30,299
the private health
insurance system,

1825
01:25:30,429 --> 01:25:33,693
to offer more middle
income families

1826
01:25:33,824 --> 01:25:37,132
high quality health services
at prices they can afford

1827
01:25:37,262 --> 01:25:41,614
and shield them also from
their catastrophic illnesses.

1828
01:25:41,745 --> 01:25:44,400
Today I'm proposing
to the Congress

1829
01:25:44,530 --> 01:25:48,404
a national health plan,
this major initiative

1830
01:25:48,534 --> 01:25:50,449
will meet the most urgent needs

1831
01:25:50,580 --> 01:25:52,582
in health care of
the American people.

1832
01:25:52,712 --> 01:25:55,019
Our Administration will
propose to Congress

1833
01:25:55,150 --> 01:25:58,457
a comprehensive plan to
cover catastrophic illnesses.

1834
01:25:58,588 --> 01:26:01,156
I am proud to have been
part of an Administration

1835
01:26:01,286 --> 01:26:03,897
that passed the first
Catastrophic Health Bill.

1836
01:26:04,028 --> 01:26:05,464
Whatever form it takes,

1837
01:26:05,595 --> 01:26:07,858
a catastrophic
illness costs money.

1838
01:26:07,988 --> 01:26:09,947
There are some little
known but very important

1839
01:26:10,077 --> 01:26:12,254
provisions in this
new balanced budget

1840
01:26:12,384 --> 01:26:15,170
that will take us
a tremendous step

1841
01:26:15,300 --> 01:26:17,911
forward in our fight
against diabetes.

1842
01:26:18,042 --> 01:26:20,218
These investments
total more than

1843
01:26:20,349 --> 01:26:23,178
two billion dollars over
the next five years.

1844
01:26:23,308 --> 01:26:25,832
We must remember that the
best health care decisions

1845
01:26:25,963 --> 01:26:29,227
are not made by Government
and insurance companies

1846
01:26:29,358 --> 01:26:31,577
but by patients
and their doctors.

1847
01:26:33,318 --> 01:26:34,667
Because you're eating heathy,

1848
01:26:34,798 --> 01:26:36,582
and you're out there
active and you're playing

1849
01:26:36,713 --> 01:26:38,193
sports and you're
out in the playground

1850
01:26:38,323 --> 01:26:41,761
and doing all those
things, not only

1851
01:26:41,892 --> 01:26:44,764
are you gonna have
a better life,

1852
01:26:44,895 --> 01:26:47,027
but you're also
helping to create

1853
01:26:47,158 --> 01:26:48,551
a stronger, healthier America,

1854
01:26:48,681 --> 01:26:50,292
and that saves us money,
it means people

1855
01:26:50,422 --> 01:26:52,772
are not sick as much,
it means that

1856
01:26:52,903 --> 01:26:55,079
our health care costs go down.

1857
01:26:55,210 --> 01:26:58,213
When you roll up at a McDonalds,
what does Donald Trump order?

1858
01:26:58,343 --> 01:27:01,520
A Fish-O-Filet sometimes, right.

1859
01:27:01,651 --> 01:27:04,741
The Big Macs are great, the
Quarter Pounder with cheese,
I mean there's great stuff.

1860
01:27:04,871 --> 01:27:07,047
Do people at the windows
be like, "What?"

1861
01:27:07,091 --> 01:27:08,397
I think all of those
places, Burger King

1862
01:27:08,527 --> 01:27:10,442
McDonalds, I can live with them.

1863
01:27:10,573 --> 01:27:12,357
I had the other night, I
had Kentucky Fried Chicken,

1864
01:27:12,488 --> 01:27:13,880
not the worst thing
in the world.

1865
01:27:14,446 --> 01:27:16,231
If you think it's up to
Government, you're wrong,

1866
01:27:16,274 --> 01:27:18,015
if you think
it's up to industry,

1867
01:27:18,145 --> 01:27:20,278
you're wrong, it's up to
you. And if you're gonna

1868
01:27:20,409 --> 01:27:22,498
make a change, if
you're watching this,

1869
01:27:22,628 --> 01:27:24,935
change right now,
tonight, don't wait

1870
01:27:25,065 --> 01:27:27,242
until tomorrow, if
it's a Friday night

1871
01:27:27,372 --> 01:27:29,287
don't say Monday
you're gonna start,

1872
01:27:29,418 --> 01:27:32,247
start now, there's no
time better than right now

1873
01:27:32,377 --> 01:27:33,944
to get your life in order.

1874
01:29:25,925 --> 01:29:29,799
I've been doing a
podcast with Anna Vocino
for about seven years.

1875
01:29:29,929 --> 01:29:33,672
When we first started
the podcast, uh,
nobody was listening.

1876
01:29:33,803 --> 01:29:35,848
Someone's gone, alright,
I wanna lose weight

1877
01:29:35,979 --> 01:29:38,329
wait, that steak
is 1200 calories.

1878
01:29:39,199 --> 01:29:42,072
This bowl of pasta
is 500 calories less?

1879
01:29:42,202 --> 01:29:44,379
And, as a woman, you're told

1880
01:29:44,509 --> 01:29:46,337
don't eat more than
1200 calories a day

1881
01:29:46,468 --> 01:29:48,383
if you wanna lose weight,
so you think

1882
01:29:48,513 --> 01:29:50,733
oh, I can't have that steak,
because that's my whole day!

1883
01:29:50,863 --> 01:29:52,474
We started attracting
the attention

1884
01:29:52,604 --> 01:29:54,563
of people in the
low carb community,

1885
01:29:54,693 --> 01:29:57,217
doctors, authors,
like Gary Taubes

1886
01:29:57,348 --> 01:29:59,350
and Nina Teicholz,
it's important for us

1887
01:29:59,481 --> 01:30:01,961
to have the experts on,
'cause we're like see

1888
01:30:02,092 --> 01:30:03,354
what that guy said .

1889
01:30:03,485 --> 01:30:06,662
Anna also, turns out,
is a great cook.

1890
01:30:06,792 --> 01:30:09,360
As a person who works
with food a lot,

1891
01:30:09,491 --> 01:30:12,319
I get asked many questions about

1892
01:30:12,450 --> 01:30:16,062
fake sweeteners or
fake this or fake that

1893
01:30:16,193 --> 01:30:18,195
and I personally think
it's gonna have to

1894
01:30:18,325 --> 01:30:19,762
go in an even more
natural direction

1895
01:30:19,892 --> 01:30:22,286
to where we just have
this return to just

1896
01:30:22,417 --> 01:30:26,072
eating food in its
most natural state.

1897
01:30:35,212 --> 01:30:37,780
Vinnie and I are very passionate

1898
01:30:37,910 --> 01:30:39,521
about this topic,
let's say you watched

1899
01:30:39,651 --> 01:30:41,392
this documentary,
let's say you watched

1900
01:30:41,523 --> 01:30:43,133
the others and you're
like, this is it,

1901
01:30:43,263 --> 01:30:45,962
I'm gonna do this.
I am going to give up

1902
01:30:46,092 --> 01:30:47,572
the processed sugars and grains

1903
01:30:47,703 --> 01:30:50,227
and I'm gonna go for a
high-fat, low-carb diet

1904
01:30:50,357 --> 01:30:53,230
and which you should,
do it, try it.

1905
01:30:53,360 --> 01:30:57,887
It can't hurt to not
have sugars and grains.

1906
01:30:58,017 --> 01:31:01,891
Like just try it.
When that happens

1907
01:31:02,021 --> 01:31:03,980
and there's an adjustment phase,

1908
01:31:04,110 --> 01:31:06,809
all of us in this country,
myself included,

1909
01:31:06,939 --> 01:31:08,724
have been in the diet mentality.

1910
01:31:08,854 --> 01:31:11,030
If we can peel back
that diet mentality,

1911
01:31:11,161 --> 01:31:12,379
it would be amazing.