binaries

aight, so bits have different powers based on where they're positioned, just like our regular digit system: the 1 in 1000 is a hundred times as valuable as the 1 in 10
the binary system assigns bits powers starting from 1, and from there on it's the last bit multiplied by two

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - values of bits in a "byte"
  1  0  0  1 0 1 0 1 - the number stored in this byte

now, we'll simply add up the numbers above each high (1) bit: 128+16+4+1 = 149