import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
public class Main {

    private static Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
    public static void main(String[] args) {

//initialize variables for Forest object, name, height and other inputs
Forest thisForest = null;
        char userInput = ' ';
        String forestName;
        int height = 0;
        String loadName = null;

        while((userInput != 'x') && (userInput != 'X' )){

            switch (userInput) {

//sets the first prompt
                case ' ':
                    System.out.print("(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :");
                    userInput = scan.next().charAt(0);

                    break;

//Displays the output but only if the forest exists
                case 'D':
                case 'd':

                    if(thisForest != null){
                        thisForest.display();
                        System.out.print("(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :");
                        userInput = scan.next().charAt(0);
                    }else{
                        System.out.println("No Forrest.n");
                        System.out.print("(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :");
                        userInput = scan.next().charAt(0);
                    }
                    break;

                case 'N':
                case 'n':

                    System.out.print("What is the name of the forest: ");
                    forestName = scan.next();
                    thisForest = new Forest(forestName);

                    System.out.print("(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :");
                    userInput = scan.next().charAt(0);

                    break;

                case 'Y':
                case 'y':
//grows the equivalent of a "year".
                    if(thisForest != null){
                        thisForest.yearGrowth();

                        System.out.print("(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :");
                        userInput = scan.next().charAt(0);
                    }else{
                        System.out.print("No forest exists.n");
                        System.out.print("(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :");
                        userInput = scan.next().charAt(0);
                    }
                    break;

                case 'R':
                case 'r':

                    //reaps, but only if the forest exists. Catches possible exceptions.
                    if(thisForest != null){
                        try{
                            System.out.print("What height to reap at :");
                            height = scan.nextInt();
                        }catch(NumberFormatException e){
                            System.out.println("ERROR: Invalid heightn");

                            System.out.print("(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :");
                            scan.nextLine();
                            userInput = scan.next().charAt(0);
                            break;
                        } catch(InputMismatchException e){
                            System.out.println("ERROR: Invalid heightn");

                            System.out.print("(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :");
                            scan.nextLine();
                            userInput = scan.next().charAt(0);
                            break;
                        }
//end of try-catch
                        thisForest.reap(height);

                        System.out.print("(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :");
                        scan.nextLine();
                        userInput = scan.next().charAt(0);
                        break;
//output if there is no forrest
                    }else{
                        System.out.print("There is no forest to reap.n");

                        System.out.print("(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :");
                        scan.nextLine();
                        userInput = scan.next().charAt(0);
                    }
                    break;



                case 'S':
                case 's':
//saves the program
                    if(thisForest != null){
                        try{
                            Forest.saveForest(thisForest);
                        }catch(IOException e){
                            System.out.println("Cannot save.");
                        }
                        System.out.print("(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :");
                        userInput = scan.next().charAt(0);
                    }else{
                        System.out.println("No Forrest exists to save.");
                        System.out.print("(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :");
                        userInput = scan.next().charAt(0);

                    }
                    break;

                case 'L':
                case 'l':
// loads the program
                    try{
                        System.out.print("What is the name of the Forest: ");
                        loadName = scan.next();
                        thisForest = Forest.loadForest(loadName);

                    }catch(IOException e){
                        System.out.println("Cannot load.");
                    }
                    System.out.print("(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :");
                    userInput = scan.next().charAt(0);
                    break;

                default:
                    System.out.println("ERROR: Invalid Option.");
                    System.out.print("(D)isplay, (N)ew, (Y)ear, (R)eap, (S)ave, (L)oad, e(X)it :");
                    userInput = scan.next().charAt(0);
                    break;
            }
        }
//after x is received and the while loop breaks.
        System.out.println("Goodbye");

    }
}

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
public class Forest implements Serializable{

//creates variables and constants
    private final int MAX_NUM_TREES = 10;
    private String name;
    private Tree[] arrayOfTrees;
    int index;
    public Forest(String forestName){

        index = 0;
        name = forestName;
        arrayOfTrees = new Tree[MAX_NUM_TREES];

        for(index = 0; index < arrayOfTrees.length; index++){

            arrayOfTrees[index] = new Tree();

        }
    }

    public void display(){
// displays the array of trees and the index
        index = 0;

        if(name != null){

            System.out.println(name);
            for(index = 0; index < arrayOfTrees.length; index ++){
                System.out.printf("%2d   :   %sn", (index + 1), arrayOfTrees[index]);
            }
        }else{
            System.out.println("No forest.");
        }

    }
   public void yearGrowth(){
//grows each tree in the array
        index = 0;

        for(index = 0; index < arrayOfTrees.length ; index ++){

            arrayOfTrees[index].grow();
        }

    }
   public void reap(int reapHeight){
        //reaps the trees and prints out the old and new information
        index = 0;


        for(index = 0; index < arrayOfTrees.length; index++){

            if(arrayOfTrees[index].getHeight() >= reapHeight){

                System.out.println("Cut " + (index+1) + " : " + arrayOfTrees[index] );
                arrayOfTrees[index] = new Tree();
                System.out.println("New " + (index+1) + " : " + arrayOfTrees[index] );

            }
        }

    }
public static void saveForest(Forest forest) throws IOException {
//saves the forest
        String name = forest.getName();
        ObjectOutputStream toStream;

        toStream = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(name));
        toStream.writeObject(forest);
        toStream.close();
    }

   public static Forest loadForest(String fileName) throws IOException {
//loads the forest
        ObjectInputStream fromStream = null;
        Forest local;

        fromStream = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(fileName));
        try {
            local = (Forest)fromStream.readObject();
        }catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
            return(null);
        }finally{
            try {
                if (fromStream != null) {
                    fromStream.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                System.out.println(e.getMessage());
                return(null);
            }
        }
        return(local);
    }
    public String getName(){

        return (name);
    }
}

import java.util.Random;
import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;

public class Tree implements Serializable{

//creates the variables as the
    private double height;
    private double growthRate;
    private static Random rand = new Random();
    final double MIN_HEIGHT = 1;
    final double MIN_GROWTH_RATE = 0.5;
    final double MAX_HEIGHT = 5;
    final double MAX_GROWTH_RATE = 1.0;

    public Tree() {
//creates tree with a height and a growth rate
        Random rand = new Random();

        height = (MIN_HEIGHT + ((Math.random() * (MAX_HEIGHT - MIN_HEIGHT))));
        growthRate = (MIN_GROWTH_RATE + (Math.random() * (MAX_GROWTH_RATE - MIN_GROWTH_RATE)));


    }

    public double grow(){
//tree grows and returns height

        height = height * (1 + growthRate);
        return height;


    }

    public double getHeight(){

        return (height);

    }

    public double getGrowthRate(){

        return (growthRate);

    }

    public String toString(){
//toString formats the output with height and growthrate

        return (String.format("%7.2f (%2d%% pa)", height, ((int)(growthRate * 100))));

    }
}

```