# GPIO Controller rev_01

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    - Project: # GPIO Controller
    - Source Code NOT compiled for: ESP32 DevKit V1
    - Source Code created on: 2026-01-20 16:19:17

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/****** SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS *****/
/****** SYSTEM REQUIREMENT 1 *****/
    /* **  Improvement 1: Initialize ESP32 DevKit V1 GPIO */
    /* pins with appropriate digital input/output */
    /* configurations and implement a main loop to */
    /* monitor and control connected peripheral devices */
    /* with proper timing intervals.  ** */
/****** END SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS *****/


/* START CODE */

/****** DEFINITION OF LIBRARIES *****/

/****** FUNCTION PROTOTYPES *****/
void setup(void);
void loop(void);
void initializeGPIO(void);
void configureDigitalIO(void);
void monitorPeripherals(void);
void controlPeripherals(void);
void checkTimingIntervals(void);

/* ===== GPIO PIN CONFIGURATION DEFINITIONS ===== */
/* GPIO pins available on ESP32 DevKit V1 for digital I/O */
#define GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_1 2    // GPIO 2 - Digital Output Pin 1
#define GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_2 4    // GPIO 4 - Digital Output Pin 2
#define GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_3 5    // GPIO 5 - Digital Output Pin 3
#define GPIO_INPUT_PIN_1 12    // GPIO 12 - Digital Input Pin 1
#define GPIO_INPUT_PIN_2 13    // GPIO 13 - Digital Input Pin 2
#define GPIO_INPUT_PIN_3 14    // GPIO 14 - Digital Input Pin 3

/* ===== TIMING INTERVAL DEFINITIONS (in milliseconds) ===== */
#define LOOP_TIMING_INTERVAL 100          // Main loop monitoring interval: 100ms
#define PERIPHERAL_CHECK_INTERVAL 200     // Peripheral status check interval: 200ms
#define OUTPUT_TOGGLE_INTERVAL 500        // Output control interval: 500ms
#define INPUT_DEBOUNCE_INTERVAL 50        // Input debounce interval: 50ms

/* ===== TIMING STATE VARIABLES ===== */
unsigned long lastPeripheralCheckTime = 0;   // Timestamp of last peripheral check
unsigned long lastOutputToggleTime = 0;      // Timestamp of last output toggle
unsigned long lastInputReadTime = 0;         // Timestamp of last input read
unsigned long currentTime = 0;               // Current system time in milliseconds

/* ===== PERIPHERAL STATE VARIABLES ===== */
volatile int digitalInputState1 = LOW;       // State of Digital Input Pin 1
volatile int digitalInputState2 = LOW;       // State of Digital Input Pin 2
volatile int digitalInputState3 = LOW;       // State of Digital Input Pin 3
int previousInputState1 = LOW;               // Previous state of Input Pin 1 for change detection
int previousInputState2 = LOW;               // Previous state of Input Pin 2 for change detection
int previousInputState3 = LOW;               // Previous state of Input Pin 3 for change detection
int digitalOutputState1 = LOW;               // State of Digital Output Pin 1
int digitalOutputState2 = LOW;               // State of Digital Output Pin 2
int digitalOutputState3 = LOW;               // State of Digital Output Pin 3

/****** SETUP FUNCTION *****/
void setup(void)
{
    /* Initialize serial communication for debugging at 115200 baud rate */
    Serial.begin(115200);

    /* Add a small delay to ensure serial monitor is ready */
    delay(500);

    /* Print startup message to serial monitor */
    Serial.println("\n\n========================================");
    Serial.println("ESP32 DevKit V1 GPIO Control System");
    Serial.println("Initializing GPIO Pins and Configurations...");
    Serial.println("========================================\n");

    /* Call GPIO initialization function */
    initializeGPIO();

    /* Call digital I/O configuration function */
    configureDigitalIO();

    /* Print initialization complete message */
    Serial.println("Setup complete! Main loop monitoring started.\n");
}

/****** MAIN LOOP FUNCTION *****/
void loop(void)
{
    /* Get current system time in milliseconds */
    currentTime = millis();

    /* Check and execute timing intervals for monitoring and control */
    checkTimingIntervals();

    /* Small delay to prevent watchdog timer issues */
    delay(10);
}

/****** GPIO INITIALIZATION FUNCTION *****/
void initializeGPIO(void)
{
    /* Serial debug output for GPIO initialization start */
    Serial.println("Initializing GPIO Pins:");

    /* Configure digital output pins */
    pinMode(GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_1, OUTPUT);
    Serial.print("  GPIO Pin ");
    Serial.print(GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_1);
    Serial.println(" configured as Digital OUTPUT");

    pinMode(GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_2, OUTPUT);
    Serial.print("  GPIO Pin ");
    Serial.print(GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_2);
    Serial.println(" configured as Digital OUTPUT");

    pinMode(GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_3, OUTPUT);
    Serial.print("  GPIO Pin ");
    Serial.print(GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_3);
    Serial.println(" configured as Digital OUTPUT");

    /* Configure digital input pins */
    pinMode(GPIO_INPUT_PIN_1, INPUT);
    Serial.print("  GPIO Pin ");
    Serial.print(GPIO_INPUT_PIN_1);
    Serial.println(" configured as Digital INPUT");

    pinMode(GPIO_INPUT_PIN_2, INPUT);
    Serial.print("  GPIO Pin ");
    Serial.print(GPIO_INPUT_PIN_2);
    Serial.println(" configured as Digital INPUT");

    pinMode(GPIO_INPUT_PIN_3, INPUT);
    Serial.print("  GPIO Pin ");
    Serial.print(GPIO_INPUT_PIN_3);
    Serial.println(" configured as Digital INPUT");

    /* Initialize all output pins to LOW state */
    digitalWrite(GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_1, LOW);
    digitalWrite(GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_2, LOW);
    digitalWrite(GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_3, LOW);

    Serial.println("All GPIO pins initialized successfully.\n");
}

/****** DIGITAL I/O CONFIGURATION FUNCTION *****/
void configureDigitalIO(void)
{
    /* Serial debug output for digital I/O configuration */
    Serial.println("Configuring Digital I/O:");

    /* Configure output pin modes and initial states */
    Serial.println("  Output Pins Configuration:");
    Serial.print("    GPIO ");
    Serial.print(GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_1);
    Serial.println(" - Output mode, initial state: LOW");

    Serial.print("    GPIO ");
    Serial.print(GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_2);
    Serial.println(" - Output mode, initial state: LOW");

    Serial.print("    GPIO ");
    Serial.print(GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_3);
    Serial.println(" - Output mode, initial state: LOW");

    /* Configure input pin modes and debounce settings */
    Serial.println("  Input Pins Configuration:");
    Serial.print("    GPIO ");
    Serial.print(GPIO_INPUT_PIN_1);
    Serial.print(" - Input mode, debounce interval: ");
    Serial.print(INPUT_DEBOUNCE_INTERVAL);
    Serial.println("ms");

    Serial.print("    GPIO ");
    Serial.print(GPIO_INPUT_PIN_2);
    Serial.print(" - Input mode, debounce interval: ");
    Serial.print(INPUT_DEBOUNCE_INTERVAL);
    Serial.println("ms");

    Serial.print("    GPIO ");
    Serial.print(GPIO_INPUT_PIN_3);
    Serial.print(" - Input mode, debounce interval: ");
    Serial.print(INPUT_DEBOUNCE_INTERVAL);
    Serial.println("ms");

    Serial.println("Digital I/O Configuration complete.\n");

    /* Display timing intervals for monitoring loop */
    Serial.println("Timing Intervals Configuration:");
    Serial.print("  Main loop monitoring interval: ");
    Serial.print(LOOP_TIMING_INTERVAL);
    Serial.println("ms");

    Serial.print("  Peripheral check interval: ");
    Serial.print(PERIPHERAL_CHECK_INTERVAL);
    Serial.println("ms");

    Serial.print("  Output control interval: ");
    Serial.print(OUTPUT_TOGGLE_INTERVAL);
    Serial.println("ms");

    Serial.print("  Input debounce interval: ");
    Serial.print(INPUT_DEBOUNCE_INTERVAL);
    Serial.println("ms\n");
}

/****** TIMING INTERVALS CHECK FUNCTION *****/
void checkTimingIntervals(void)
{
    /* Check if peripheral monitoring interval has elapsed */
    if (currentTime - lastPeripheralCheckTime >= PERIPHERAL_CHECK_INTERVAL)
    {
        /* Update the last peripheral check timestamp */
        lastPeripheralCheckTime = currentTime;

        /* Call function to monitor peripheral devices */
        monitorPeripherals();
    }

    /* Check if output control interval has elapsed */
    if (currentTime - lastOutputToggleTime >= OUTPUT_TOGGLE_INTERVAL)
    {
        /* Update the last output toggle timestamp */
        lastOutputToggleTime = currentTime;

        /* Call function to control peripheral devices */
        controlPeripherals();
    }
}

/****** PERIPHERAL MONITORING FUNCTION *****/
void monitorPeripherals(void)
{
    /* Check if input debounce interval has elapsed since last input read */
    if (currentTime - lastInputReadTime >= INPUT_DEBOUNCE_INTERVAL)
    {
        /* Update the last input read timestamp */
        lastInputReadTime = currentTime;

        /* Read current state of digital input pin 1 */
        digitalInputState1 = digitalRead(GPIO_INPUT_PIN_1);

        /* Check if input state has changed from previous read */
        if (digitalInputState1 != previousInputState1)
        {
            /* Update previous state to current state */
            previousInputState1 = digitalInputState1;

            /* Report input state change to serial monitor */
            Serial.print("INPUT 1 (GPIO ");
            Serial.print(GPIO_INPUT_PIN_1);
            Serial.print(") State Changed to: ");
            Serial.println(digitalInputState1 ? "HIGH" : "LOW");
        }

        /* Read current state of digital input pin 2 */
        digitalInputState2 = digitalRead(GPIO_INPUT_PIN_2);

        /* Check if input state has changed from previous read */
        if (digitalInputState2 != previousInputState2)
        {
            /* Update previous state to current state */
            previousInputState2 = digitalInputState2;

            /* Report input state change to serial monitor */
            Serial.print("INPUT 2 (GPIO ");
            Serial.print(GPIO_INPUT_PIN_2);
            Serial.print(") State Changed to: ");
            Serial.println(digitalInputState2 ? "HIGH" : "LOW");
        }

        /* Read current state of digital input pin 3 */
        digitalInputState3 = digitalRead(GPIO_INPUT_PIN_3);

        /* Check if input state has changed from previous read */
        if (digitalInputState3 != previousInputState3)
        {
            /* Update previous state to current state */
            previousInputState3 = digitalInputState3;

            /* Report input state change to serial monitor */
            Serial.print("INPUT 3 (GPIO ");
            Serial.print(GPIO_INPUT_PIN_3);
            Serial.print(") State Changed to: ");
            Serial.println(digitalInputState3 ? "HIGH" : "LOW");
        }
    }
}

/****** PERIPHERAL CONTROL FUNCTION *****/
void controlPeripherals(void)
{
    /* Toggle digital output pin 1 state */
    digitalOutputState1 = (digitalOutputState1 == LOW) ? HIGH : LOW;
    digitalWrite(GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_1, digitalOutputState1);

    /* Report output state change to serial monitor */
    Serial.print("OUTPUT 1 (GPIO ");
    Serial.print(GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_1);
    Serial.print(") Set to: ");
    Serial.println(digitalOutputState1 ? "HIGH" : "LOW");

    /* Toggle digital output pin 2 state */
    digitalOutputState2 = (digitalOutputState2 == LOW) ? HIGH : LOW;
    digitalWrite(GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_2, digitalOutputState2);

    /* Report output state change to serial monitor */
    Serial.print("OUTPUT 2 (GPIO ");
    Serial.print(GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_2);
    Serial.print(") Set to: ");
    Serial.println(digitalOutputState2 ? "HIGH" : "LOW");

    /* Toggle digital output pin 3 state */
    digitalOutputState3 = (digitalOutputState3 == LOW) ? HIGH : LOW;
    digitalWrite(GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_3, digitalOutputState3);

    /* Report output state change to serial monitor */
    Serial.print("OUTPUT 3 (GPIO ");
    Serial.print(GPIO_OUTPUT_PIN_3);
    Serial.print(") Set to: ");
    Serial.println(digitalOutputState3 ? "HIGH" : "LOW");

    /* Print timing information for monitoring purposes */
    Serial.print("Timestamp: ");
    Serial.print(currentTime);
    Serial.println("ms\n");
}

/* END CODE */