2018-06-19 TOEFL: word roots, reading inference

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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Word Roots (list 1) - With your partner, try to think of one or two words to explain the meaning of each root.
ab (abduct, abdicate) = away/down
act/ag/exe (action, agent, executive) = do
ad (advocate, addition, advance) = toward
aer/aero (aerial, aerate) = air
agri/agro (agriculture, agribusiness, agrarian) = field (as on a farm)
ambi (ambidextrous, ambiguous, ambivalent) = both
amb/ambul (amble, ambulatory, ambulate) = walk/move
ami/amo (amiable, amorous) = love/friendship
andro (android, androgen) = man (as in male; the root for female is “gyn”)
anim (animate, animal) = spirit/movement
ann/enn (annual, millennium, anniversary) = year
ante/anti (antecedent, anteroom, anticipate) = before
anthropo (anthropology, philanthropy) = human
anti (antibacterial, antisocial) = against
aqua (aquamarine, aqueduct, aquarium) = water (sometimes specifically fresh water)
arch (monarch, hierarchy, archbishop) = first
archa (archaeology, archaic) = old (i.e. first in time)
art (artist, artifact, artisan) = skill
astro (astronomy, astrology) = star
aud/audi (audience, audible) = hear
auto (automatic, autograph) = self
bell (belligerent, rebellious) = war
bene (benefit, benevolent) = good
bi (bilingual, bilateral, bisexual) = two
bio (biology, biography, biosphere) = life
cept/ceive (intercept, receive) = catch
cardi/cardio (cardiac, cardiology) = heart
carn (carnivore, carnal) = meat/flesh
cede/ceed (intercede, exceed) = go
cent (century, centimeter, centennial) = hundred(th)
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TOEFL: four sections, four sections, $200, 120 points total, 30 points per section
1 reading: 60-80 minutes for 3-4 reading passages, about 14 questions about each passage
2 listening: 60-90 minutes for 2-3 sets of 3 passages, about 17 questions per set
	(10-minute break)
3 speaking: 20 minutes for 6 tasks, 5.5 minutes of speaking time
4 writing: 60 minutes for 2 tasks, 20+30 minutes of writing time
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Reading Question Types:
- inference
- fact
- negative fact
- purpose
- vocabulary/synonym/meaning
- paraphrase
- reference/pronoun
- sentence insertion
- summarize
- organize/categorize
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Inference Questions
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DELTA p. 76 - Read the text and answer the inference questions in the boxes.
1 C
  not A: the text doesn’t mention how common it was
  not B: children aren’t mentioned (but this is unlikely to be true)
  not D: the cattle still gave milk, so must not have been killed
2 D
  not A: we can infer that they are *not* from Indiana, because they went into Indiana in 1816
  not B: tobacco isn’t mentioned
  not C: today there are bronze castings of parts of the original cabin
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p. 77 gives some examples of inference questions and some ways to identify incorrect answers
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p. 84 - Take 2 minutes to answer these two questions. Compare your answers with your partner and convince them they’re wrong if you disagree.
1 A
2 C
p. 85 - Take 3 minutes for these four questions.
3 D
4 B
5 D
6 C
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BREAK
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p. 86 - Take 3 minutes for these four questions. Then check with your partners.
7 A
8 D
9 B
10 C
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Handout (Cambridge) R17 - Take 3 minutes to decide if these are correct references from the passages.
1 Yes
2 Yes
3 No - Things that happened “around the same time” didn’t necessary cause one another.
4 Yes
5 No
6 Yes
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(Oxford) p. 210 Skimming/Scanning - Answer these questions.
Do you know what the bold and underlined words mean?
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p. 212-213 - Take 6 minutes to answer the questions.
1 c
2 c
3 b
4 a
5 a
6 d
7 b
8 a
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p. 215-217- Skim the text and note the main ideas of each paragraph and the passage as a whole.
Then answer the questions in 4R12.
1 b
2 b
3 d
4 a
5 a
6 c
7 c
8 d
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Homework: new handout (Cengage) - do all of it