2018-10-15 Pronunciation: stress in compound nouns

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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What is a syllable?
How do we give stress to certain syllables?
- higher tone
- longer
- louder
	(They are important in this order.)
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Handout p. 39 exercise 1 - Which word or phrase do you hear?
1 b
2 a
3 a
4 b
5 b
6 b
7 a
8 a
9 b
10 a
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p. 40 exercise 2A - With your partner, draw the stress pattern for each word.
1 Oo (noun)
2 oO (verb)
3 oOo (verb)
4 oO (verb)
5 Oo (n)
6 Oo (n)
7 oO (v)
8 Oo (n)
9 oOo (v)
10 Oo (n)
11 Oo (n/v)
12 Oo (n)
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Usually, 2-syllable nouns have stress on the first syllable and 2-syllable verbs have stress on the second syllable.
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Compound nouns always have the strongest stress (or at least the highest tone) on the first word.
(Compound nouns are two or more nouns that function together as a single thing.)
- adjective+noun pairs have approximately equal stress on both words (sometimes stronger on the noun because it’s the last content word in the phrase)
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I am an English teacher but I’m not an English teacher.
- The first is a compound (= teacher of English), the second is an adjective (= teacher from England)

Where is the orange bowl?
compound = a bowl for oranges
adj+noun = a bowl colored orange
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Macy’s is a department store.
You can find that in the cosmetics department.

credit card machine - the stress starts high and falls for each word
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p. 41-42 exercise 4 - Ask your partner the questions about compound nouns and answer with your best guess. Make sure to follow the first-noun stress pattern.

Usually the relationship is “for”, but not always:
apple juice = juice from apples
olive oil = oil from olives
peach pit = pit of a peach
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What are the differences in pronunciation between -teen numbers and -ty numbers?
13/30
14/40
15/50
16/60
17/70
18/80
19/90

- The ending is one difference (-teen numbers end with /n/)
- The stress is on “-teen” for those numbers, and it’s on the first part for -ty numbers.
- The ‘t’ in the -ty numbers is often flapped and sounds similar to ‘d’ (except in 50 and 60)