500 Most used sed Commands

Top 500 Useful Sed commands

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Certainly! Here's a list of `sed` commands you may not know

1. Substitute a string in a file
   `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/' filename`

2. Substitute a string globally (across the entire line)
   `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/g' filename`

3. Substitute a string in a specific line number
   `$ sed '3s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

4. Substitute a string in a range of line numbers
   `$ sed '2,5s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

5. Delete a specific line
   `$ sed '3d' filename`

6. Delete a range of lines
   `$ sed '2,5d' filename`

7. Print only specific lines
   `$ sed -n '2,5p' filename`

8. Print all lines except a range of lines
   `$ sed '2,5!p' filename`

9. Delete empty lines
   `$ sed '/^$/d' filename`

10. Remove leading whitespaces
    `$ sed 's/^[ \t]//' filename`

11. Remove trailing whitespaces
    `$ sed 's/[ \t]$//' filename`

12. Remove both leading and trailing whitespaces
    `$ sed 's/^[ \t]//;s/[ \t]$//' filename`

13. Substitute string with case-insensitivity
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/Ig' filename`

14. Replace only the first occurrence of a string
    `$ sed '0,/old_string/s//new_string/' filename`

15. Substitute on lines matching a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

16. Append a line after a specific line
    `$ sed '3a\This is a new line' filename`

17. Prepend a line before a specific line
    `$ sed '3i\This is a new line' filename`

18. Change a line entirely
    `$ sed '3c\This is the new line' filename`

19. Remove lines matching a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/d' filename`

20. Replace the nth occurrence of a string
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/2' filename`

21. Replace text and write output to a new file
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/g' filename > newfile`

22. Save the modified file in-place
    `$ sed -i 's/old_string/new_string/g' filename`

23. Create a backup when modifying the file in-place
    `$ sed -i.bak 's/old_string/new_string/g' filename`

24. Remove a line that starts with a specific pattern
    `$ sed '/^pattern/d' filename`

25. Remove a line that ends with a specific pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern$/d' filename`

26. Replace a word with another word in a file
    `$ sed 's/old_word/new_word/g' filename`

27. Escape special characters in `sed`
    `$ sed 's/\//\\\//g' filename`

28. Insert a line after every line containing a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/a\This is the new line' filename`

29. Replace every nth word in a line
    `$ sed 's/\(\w\+\) \(\w\+\)/\1 replaced \2/' filename`

30. Remove specific columns from a text
    `$ sed 's/\([^ ]\) \([^ ]\) /\1 /' filename`

31. Remove all non-alphanumeric characters
    `$ sed 's/[^a-zA-Z0-9]//g' filename`

32. Insert text at the beginning of every line
    `$ sed 's/^/Text at start /' filename`

33. Insert text at the end of every line
    `$ sed 's/$/ Text at end/' filename`

34. Replace only lines that contain a certain string
    `$ sed '/pattern/s/old_string/new_string/g' filename`

35. Remove all digits from a file
    `$ sed 's/[0-9]//g' filename`

36. Replace newline with a space
    `$ sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/\n/ /g' filename`

37. Show line numbers with the output
    `$ sed = filename | sed 'N;s/\n/ /'`

38. Print specific lines by line number
    `$ sed -n '5p' filename`

39. Replace multiple spaces with a single space
    `$ sed 's/ \+/ /g' filename`

40. Show the line before and after the match
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/{=;p;}' filename`

41. Extract lines that match a pattern
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/p' filename`

42. Add line numbers to each line
    `$ sed = filename | sed 'N;s/\n/\t/'`

43. Remove all uppercase letters
    `$ sed 's/[A-Z]//g' filename`

44. Replace the first word in each line
    `$ sed 's/^\w\+/new_word/' filename`

45. Replace the last word in each line
    `$ sed 's/\w\+$/new_word/' filename`

46. Delete lines between two patterns
    `$ sed '/start_pattern/,/end_pattern/d' filename`

47. Replace a string in the file without case sensitivity
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/I' filename`

48. Substitute with special characters
    `$ sed 's/[0-9]/#/g' filename`

49. Print the line before the matching pattern
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/{x;p;x;}' filename`

50. Replace all punctuation with spaces
    `$ sed 's/[[:punct:]]/ /g' filename`

51. Add a line after the last line
    `$ sed '$a\This is the last line' filename`

52. Remove the first line from the file
    `$ sed '1d' filename`

53. Remove the last line from the file
    `$ sed '$d' filename`

54. Replace first character in each line
    `$ sed 's/^./new_char/' filename`

55. Replace last character in each line
    `$ sed 's/.$/new_char/' filename`

56. Add text before a matching line
    `$ sed '/pattern/i\Text before pattern' filename`

57. Replace the nth occurrence of a pattern on all lines
    `$ sed 's/pattern/replacement/3' filename`

58. Replace pattern with a newline
    `$ sed 's/pattern/\n/g' filename`

59. Remove all comments (lines starting with `#`)
    `$ sed '/^#/d' filename`

60. Remove lines with a specific word
    `$ sed '/word/d' filename`

61. Display lines containing a specific pattern
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/p' filename`

62. Remove blank lines
    `$ sed '/^\s$/d' filename`

63. Replace string only on lines that don't match another pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/!s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

64. Substitute a string only on the first line
    `$ sed '1s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

65. Add a new line after every match
    `$ sed '/pattern/a\New line after match' filename`

66. Add a new line before every match
    `$ sed '/pattern/i\New line before match' filename`

67. Insert a line at a specific line number
    `$ sed '3i\Insert line here' filename`

68. Delete lines matching a pattern globally
    `$ sed '/pattern/d' filename`

69. Replace specific word with a variable
    `$ sed "s/old_word/$variable/" filename`

70. Replace string globally across multiple files
    `$ sed -i 's/old_string/new_string/g' .txt`

71. Print lines that don’t match a pattern
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/!p' filename`

72. Delete lines matching multiple patterns
    `$ sed '/pattern1\|pattern2/d' filename`

73. Replace a word with multiple spaces
    `$ sed 's/word/     /g' filename`

74. Remove all spaces from a file
    `$ sed 's/ //g' filename`

75. Replace a string in the middle of a line
    `$ sed 's/middle_string/new_string/' filename`

76. Add a prefix to every line
    `$ sed 's/^/Prefix /' filename`

77. Add a suffix to every line
    `$ sed 's/$/ Suffix/' filename`

78. Remove everything after the first space on each line
    `$ sed 's/ .$//' filename`

79. Remove everything before the first space on each line
    `$ sed 's/^[^ ] //' filename`

80. Remove a word in a sentence
    `$ sed 's/\bword\b//g' filename`

81. Convert lowercase to uppercase
    `$ sed 's/./\U&/' filename`

82. Convert uppercase to lowercase
    `$ sed 's/./\L&/' filename`

83. Delete lines from a specific line number to the end of the file
    `$ sed '3,$d' filename`

84. Delete every nth line
    `$ sed '0~3d' filename`

85. Replace a string across multiple files in a directory
    `$ sed -i 's/old_string/new_string/g' /path/to/files/.txt`

86. Match words that start with a specific character
    `$ sed 's/\bA\w/new_string/g' filename`

87. Replace a word globally and display result
    `$ sed -n 's/old_word/new_word/gp' filename`

88. Print the first line only
    `$ sed -n '1p' filename`

89. Print the last line only
    `$ sed -n '$p' filename`

90. Print the nth line only
    `$ sed -n 'n p' filename`

91. Replace the string using a regex pattern
    `$ sed 's/\b[a-zA-Z]\{5\}\b/replacement/g' filename`

92. Replace a string but exclude a specific pattern
    `$ sed '/exclude_pattern/!s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

93. Count occurrences of a pattern
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/{s//&/g;p}' filename | wc -l`

94. Add a suffix before the last character
    `$ sed 's/\(.\)/\1Suffix/' filename`

95. Insert a line before the last line
    `$ sed '$i\Line before last' filename`

96. Replace the first word of every line with a specific word
    `$ sed 's/^\w\+/new_word/' filename`

97. Add a line after the first match of a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/a\New line after first match' filename`

98. Remove specific words from each line
    `$ sed 's/\bword1\b//g; s/\bword2\b//g' filename`

99. Remove specific pattern and its following content
    `$ sed 's/pattern.$//' filename`

100. Insert a line after a specific pattern match
    `$ sed '/pattern/a\Insert line after match' filename`

101. Replace only the first line in the file
    `$ sed '1s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

102. Remove all vowels from a file
    `$ sed 's/[aeiouAEIOU]//g' filename`

103. Replace all digits with `#`
    `$ sed 's/[0-9]/#/g' filename`

104. Add a new line after every nth line
    `$ sed 'n a\New line after nth' filename`

105. Replace a string and print line numbers
    `$ sed -n 's/old_string/new_string/p' filename`

106. Remove the first and last character from each line
    `$ sed 's/^.\(.\).$/\1/' filename`

107. Remove blank lines and lines with only spaces
    `$ sed '/^[[:space:]]$/d' filename`

108. Replace only in lines that do not contain a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/!s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

109. Replace the last occurrence of a string
    `$ sed 's/\(.\)old_string/\1new_string/' filename`

110. Print only lines matching a pattern
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/p' filename`

111. Print lines starting with a specific character
    `$ sed -n '/^A/p' filename`

112. Remove the first occurrence of a string
    `$ sed 's/old_string//' filename`

113. Replace a pattern using a variable
    `$ sed "s/$old_string/$new_string/" filename`

114. Print line numbers along with content
    `$ sed '=' filename | sed 'N;s/\n/\t/'`

115. Replace multiple spaces with a single space
    `$ sed 's/  / /g' filename`

116. Convert all spaces to underscores
    `$ sed 's/ /_/g' filename`

117. Escape forward slashes
    `$ sed 's/\//\\\//g' filename`

118. Remove non-alphanumeric characters
    `$ sed 's/[^a-zA-Z0-9]//g' filename`

119. Replace newlines with a space
    `$ sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/\n/ /g' filename`

120. Insert content before a specific string match
    `$ sed '/pattern/i\Insert before pattern' filename`

121. Replace the nth character in a line
    `$ sed 's/\(.\{n\}\).\{1\}/\1replacement/' filename`

122. Print lines that end with a specific string
    `$ sed -n '/pattern$/p' filename`

123. Print the first n lines
    `$ sed -n '1,5p' filename`

124. Remove every nth line
    `$ sed 'n!d' filename`

125. Add text to the beginning of the file
    `$ sed -i '1s/^/Text at the start of the file\n/' filename`

126. Replace a string and ignore case sensitivity
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/I' filename`

127. Remove lines containing a pattern from a specific file
    `$ sed '/pattern/d' filename`

128. Substitute using extended regular expressions
    `$ sed -r 's/(pattern)/replacement/' filename`

129. Replace text in a specific column
    `$ sed 's/^\([^\t]\)\t\([^\t]\)$/\1\tnew_text/' filename`

130. Replace all spaces with hyphens
    `$ sed 's/ /-/g' filename`

131. Replace all instances of a string and show result
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/gp' filename`

132. Change the case of every word
    `$ sed 's/\(.\)/\U&/' filename`

133. Replace all punctuation marks
    `$ sed 's/[[:punct:]]/ /g' filename`

134. Replace word at the beginning of each line
    `$ sed 's/^word/new_word/' filename`

135. Reverse every line in a file
    `$ sed 's/\(.\)/\1/' filename | rev`

136. Remove empty lines but not lines with spaces
    `$ sed '/^[[:space:]]$/d' filename`

137. Print lines with a specific number of words
    `$ sed -n '/\w\{5\}/p' filename`

138. Change words between specific tags
    `$ sed 's/<tag>\(.\)<\/tag>/<tag>new_text<\/tag>/' filename`

139. Replace first letter of each word with a capital
    `$ sed 's/\b\(.\)/\U\1/g' filename`

140. Replace multiple spaces with a single space using a regex
    `$ sed 's/\s\+/ /g' filename`

141. Substitute multiple occurrences on multiple lines
    `$ sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/old_string/new_string/g' filename`

142. Remove text between two patterns
    `$ sed 's/pattern1.pattern2//g' filename`

143. Add a blank line between lines matching a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/a\ ' filename`

144. Display content of specific line and its preceding line
    `$ sed -n '2p; 1p' filename`

145. Search and replace using `-e` (expression)
    `$ sed -e 's/old/new/' filename`

146. Replace multiple patterns on one line
    `$ sed 's/old1/new1; s/old2/new2/' filename`

147. Reverse the contents of a file
    `$ sed 's/./&/' filename | rev`

148. Replace the nth instance of a word in a string
    `$ sed 's/word/new_word/n' filename`

149. Replace string but print before and after
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/p' filename`

150. Replace specific pattern with the content from a file
    `$ sed 's/pattern/$(cat replacement_file)/' filename`

151. Replace the nth occurrence of a string only
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/3' filename`

152. Remove leading spaces from each line
    `$ sed 's/^[ \t]//' filename`

153. Remove trailing spaces from each line
    `$ sed 's/[ \t]$//' filename`

154. Remove all spaces
    `$ sed 's/ //g' filename`

155. Replace string in a case-insensitive manner
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/I' filename`

156. Delete lines matching a regular expression
    `$ sed '/pattern/d' filename`

157. Print the lines matching a specific pattern
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/p' filename`

158. Replace all occurrences of a pattern across multiple files
    `$ sed -i 's/old_string/new_string/g' .txt`

159. Add a prefix to all lines
    `$ sed 's/^/Prefix: /' filename`

160. Remove empty lines
    `$ sed '/^$/d' filename`

161. Remove lines containing a specific word
    `$ sed '/word/d' filename`

162. Add a new line before every line that matches a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/i\New line before match' filename`

163. Substitute the last word of every line
    `$ sed 's/\w$/new_word/' filename`

164. Remove the first word from each line
    `$ sed 's/^\w\+ //' filename`

165. Remove all non-alphanumeric characters
    `$ sed 's/[^a-zA-Z0-9]//g' filename`

166. Remove all digits from a file
    `$ sed 's/[0-9]//g' filename`

167. Add text to the end of each line
    `$ sed 's/$/ appended text/' filename`

168. Convert all letters to uppercase
    `$ sed 's/./\U&/' filename`

169. Convert all letters to lowercase
    `$ sed 's/./\L&/' filename`

170. Add line numbers to the beginning of each line
    `$ sed = filename | sed 'N;s/\n/\t/'`

171. Print only the nth line
    `$ sed -n 'n p' filename`

172. Remove the first and last character of each line
    `$ sed 's/^.\(.\).$/\1/' filename`

173. Remove duplicate lines
    `$ sed '$!N; /^\(.\)\n\1$/!P; D' filename`

174. Replace spaces between words with underscores
    `$ sed 's/ /_/g' filename`

175. Replace multiple spaces with a single space
    `$ sed 's/  / /g' filename`

176. Replace text in lines that do not match a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/!s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

177. Replace text only in the first line
    `$ sed '1s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

178. Show the line before a match
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/{x;p;x;}' filename`

179. Remove all spaces at the beginning of each line
    `$ sed 's/^[ \t]//' filename`

180. Insert text after each line containing a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/a\Inserted text after match' filename`

181. Insert text before each line containing a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/i\Inserted text before match' filename`

182. Match a line that starts with a specific word
    `$ sed -n '/^word/p' filename`

183. Match a line that ends with a specific word
    `$ sed -n '/word$/p' filename`

184. Remove a specific word from the file
    `$ sed 's/\bword\b//g' filename`

185. Remove the last line in a file
    `$ sed '$d' filename`

186. Remove the first line in a file
    `$ sed '1d' filename`

187. Print lines containing a word but not matching a pattern
    `$ sed -n '/word/!p' filename`

188. Replace a string and display result on the terminal
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/gp' filename`

189. Replace text in a specific line number and print it
    `$ sed '3s/old_string/new_string/p' filename`

190. Print the first 10 lines of the file
    `$ sed -n '1,10p' filename`

191. Replace a word with a newline character
    `$ sed 's/old_word/\n/g' filename`

192. Show lines with a specific pattern but exclude others
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/{p;}' filename`

193. Count number of occurrences of a word in a file
    `$ sed -n 's/word/&/gp' filename | wc -l`

194. Change a string with a random value
    `$ sed 's/old_string/$(shuf -n 1 value_list)/' filename`

195. Print only lines that match the regular expression
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/p' filename`

196. Replace the first character of the line
    `$ sed 's/^./new_char/' filename`

197. Replace the last character of the line
    `$ sed 's/.$/new_char/' filename`

198. Replace the nth occurrence of a string
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/2' filename`

199. Print the last line of the file
    `$ sed -n '$p' filename`

200. Print lines after a match
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/,$p' filename`

201. Replace all occurrences of a string in the file
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/g' filename`

202. Replace multiple words on each line
    `$ sed 's/old1/new1; s/old2/new2/g' filename`

203. Change case of every word in a line
    `$ sed 's/\(.\)/\U&/' filename`

204. Remove a specific line from the file
    `$ sed '3d' filename`

205. Replace each occurrence of a word with different values
    `$ sed 's/word1/replacement1/; s/word2/replacement2/' filename`

206. Replace a word but keep spaces intact
    `$ sed 's/\bword\b/&/' filename`

207. Delete lines containing the word 'pattern'
    `$ sed '/pattern/d' filename`

208. Print lines matching a pattern with line numbers
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/{=; p;}' filename`

209. Replace the word only on the second line
    `$ sed '2s/old_word/new_word/' filename`

210. Remove every other line from the file
    `$ sed 'n!d' filename`

211. Print the file in reverse order
    `$ sed '1!G;h;$!d' filename`

212. Match a line that does not start with a specific word
    `$ sed -n '/^[^word]/p' filename`

213. Add a suffix to every line
    `$ sed 's/$/Suffix/' filename`

214. Substitute spaces with commas
    `$ sed 's/ /,/g' filename`

215. Add a prefix to every line that does not match a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/!s/^/Prefix: /' filename`

216. Remove all digits from the file
    `$ sed 's/[0-9]//g' filename`

217. Insert content after specific line number
    `$ sed '3a\New content' filename`

218. Replace a specific string and ignore case
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/I' filename`

219. Print the nth line and the next one
    `$ sed -n 'n,+1p' filename`

220. Replace a pattern with the content from another file
    `$ sed 's/pattern/$(<file)/' filename`

221. Remove all lines containing only whitespace
    `$ sed '/^[[:space:]]$/d' filename`

222. Add a line before every occurrence of a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/i\New line before match' filename`

223. Substitute a string but only on the last line
    `$ sed '$s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

224. Remove text after the first occurrence of a string
    `$ sed 's/old_string.$//' filename`

225. Match lines with a specific number of characters
    `$ sed -n '/^.\{5\}$/p' filename`

226. Remove all special characters
    `$ sed 's/[^a-zA-Z0-9]//g' filename`

227. Replace all occurrences of a string in the first 10 lines
    `$ sed '1,10s/old_string/new_string/g' filename`

228. Delete lines with a specific number of characters
    `$ sed '/^.\{10\}$/d' filename`

229. Remove comments from shell scripts
    `$ sed '/^#/d' filename`

230. Insert content at the beginning of the file
    `$ sed -i '1s/^/New content\n/' filename`

231. Change string in specific columns
    `$ sed 's/\(\w\+\) \(\w\+\)/\1 \2 replacement/' filename`

232. Substitute using backreference
    `$ sed 's/\(pattern\)/\1 replacement/' filename`

233. Remove trailing spaces from each line
    `$

 sed 's/[ \t]$//' filename`

234. Replace all occurrences of a string in the first 5 lines
    `$ sed '1,5s/old_string/new_string/g' filename`

235. Show the lines from 10 to 20
    `$ sed -n '10,20p' filename`

236. Replace text globally excluding a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/!s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

237. Remove a range of lines from a file
    `$ sed '3,7d' filename`

238. Count the number of occurrences of a pattern
    `$ sed -n 's/pattern/&/gp' filename | wc -l`

239. Insert a line at the end of the file
    `$ sed -e '\$a\Last line' filename`

240. Delete all lines with a specific length
    `$ sed '/^.\{5\}$/d' filename`

241. Replace the first occurrence of a string on the last line only
    `$ sed '$s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

242. Remove all non-alphanumeric characters except space
    `$ sed 's/[^a-zA-Z0-9 ]//g' filename`

243. Replace string in a specific line by line number
    `$ sed '5s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

244. Substitute the first word on each line
    `$ sed 's/^\w\+/new_word/' filename`

245. Replace a string in lines that do not match a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/!s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

246. Find and print line numbers that match a pattern
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/=' filename`

247. Remove empty lines and lines with only spaces
    `$ sed '/^[[:space:]]$/d' filename`

248. Append a line after every line that matches a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/a\New appended line' filename`

249. Replace a string in lines before a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/!s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

250. Replace first occurrence of a string on specific line range
    `$ sed '1,5s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

251. Remove multiple spaces between words
    `$ sed 's/  / /g' filename`

252. Add a suffix to every line that matches a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/s/$/ suffix/' filename`

253. Print lines after a match and include the matched line
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/,$p' filename`

254. Replace all vowels with another character
    `$ sed 's/[aeiouAEIOU]/x/g' filename`

255. Print lines starting with a number
    `$ sed -n '/^[0-9]/p' filename`

256. Replace a string only in the first 10 lines
    `$ sed '1,10s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

257. Print lines that do not contain a pattern
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/!p' filename`

258. Replace space with newline after each word
    `$ sed 's/ /\'$'\n/g' filename`

259. Print lines before a specific pattern
    `$ sed -n '1,/pattern/p' filename`

260. Replace only the first occurrence of a pattern in the file
    `$ sed '0,/old_string/s//new_string/' filename`

261. Print the first line of a file
    `$ sed -n '1p' filename`

262. Remove the second column from a file
    `$ sed 's/\([^ ] [^ ]\) \(.\)/\1/' filename`

263. Insert a line before every line that contains a string
    `$ sed '/pattern/i\New line before match' filename`

264. Replace the nth word in each line
    `$ sed 's/\(\(\S\s\)\{n-1\}\)\S/\1new_word/' filename`

265. Delete lines that start with a specific word
    `$ sed '/^word/d' filename`

266. Remove all lines except the ones containing a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/!d' filename`

267. Replace only the last occurrence of a string in the file
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/g' filename | tac | sed 's/old_string/new_string/' | tac`

268. Insert a new line at the beginning of a file
    `$ sed -i '1i\New beginning line' filename`

269. Replace specific word from each line by skipping lines that match a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/!s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

270. Add a prefix to every line
    `$ sed 's/^/Prefix /' filename`

271. Add a suffix to lines containing a specific pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/s/$/ suffix/' filename`

272. Print the last n lines of the file
    `$ sed -n 'n,$p' filename`

273. Find all occurrences of a pattern and print lines containing them
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/p' filename`

274. Insert a new line after the first occurrence of a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/a\New line after first match' filename`

275. Replace the nth occurrence in a line
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/n' filename`

276. Reverse the order of lines in a file
    `$ sed '1!G;h;$!d' filename`

277. Replace the nth occurrence of a string across multiple lines
    `$ sed '0,/old_string/s//new_string/' filename`

278. Replace a string across lines matching a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/ {s/old_string/new_string/}' filename`

279. Remove characters until the first space
    `$ sed 's/^[^ ] //' filename`

280. Replace the string on lines that do not match a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/!s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

281. Print the first 10 lines of a file
    `$ sed -n '1,10p' filename`

282. Remove all lines except the ones starting with a pattern
    `$ sed '/^pattern/!d' filename`

283. Replace only the first word in each line
    `$ sed 's/^\w\+/new_word/' filename`

284. Replace a string but preserve the case of the original
    `$ sed 's/old_string/\L&/g' filename`

285. Remove everything after the first comma in each line
    `$ sed 's/,.//' filename`

286. Remove characters after the nth character in a line
    `$ sed 's/\(.\{n\}\)./\1/' filename`

287. Remove spaces and tabs before and after the content
    `$ sed 's/^[[:space:]]//;s/[[:space:]]$//' filename`

288. Delete lines containing a pattern and print the result
    `$ sed '/pattern/d' filename`

289. Append a string at the end of the nth line
    `$ sed 'n s/$/ appended_text/' filename`

290. Replace the nth occurrence of a pattern in the file
    `$ sed 'n s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

291. Print a specific line range from the file
    `$ sed -n '10,20p' filename`

292. Remove everything after the first match of a string in each line
    `$ sed 's/\(.pattern\)./\1/' filename`

293. Remove all but the nth occurrence of a word in the line
    `$ sed 's/\(.old_string\)\(old_string\)/\1new_string/' filename`

294. Replace the first word with a string
    `$ sed 's/^\w\+/new_word/' filename`

295. Change the last character of each line
    `$ sed 's/.$/new_char/' filename`

296. Remove lines containing only digits
    `$ sed '/^[0-9]$/d' filename`

297. Replace words of length 4 with a string
    `$ sed 's/\b\w\{4\}\b/new_string/g' filename`

298. Replace all occurrences in the first 3 lines
    `$ sed '1,3s/old_string/new_string/g' filename`

299. Replace text only on lines that do not contain a word
    `$ sed '/\bword\b/!s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

300. Insert a line after a specific pattern in the file
    `$ sed '/pattern/a\New line after match' filename`

301. Remove trailing spaces and tabs in the entire file
    `$ sed 's/[ \t]$//' filename`

302. Print the lines before a specific pattern
    `$ sed -n '1,/pattern/p' filename`

303. Remove the last character in each line
    `$ sed 's/.$//' filename`

304. Insert a new line at the end of a file
    `$ sed -e '$a\New last line' filename`

305. Replace nth occurrence of a string and print it
    `$ sed 'n s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

306. Remove lines containing a specific pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/d' filename`

307. Change the last occurrence of a word in a file
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/2' filename`

308. Print lines that match a specific string pattern
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/p' filename`

309. Print lines matching a specific word and add numbering
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/=' filename`

310. Add a line at the start of the file
    `$ sed '1i\New first line' filename`

311. Replace the first occurrence of a pattern on the last line
    `$ sed '$s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

312. Replace a string and only print the result
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/p' filename`

313. Replace text globally but ignore case
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/I' filename`

314. Replace each word in a line with a specific string
    `$ sed 's/\w\+/new_string/g' filename`

315. Replace every word that is longer than 3 characters
    `$ sed 's/\b\w\{4,\}\b/new_word/g' filename`

316. Insert content after a specific line number
    `$ sed 'n a\New content' filename`

317. Print the lines before and after a match
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/{x; p; x;}' filename`

318. Replace the word with a string only in the first 5 lines
    `$ sed '1,5s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

319. Remove the first occurrence of a string in the entire file
    `$ sed 's/old_string//' filename`

320. Change a string in the first 5 lines but only print it
    `$ sed -n '1,5s/old_string/new_string/p' filename`
321. Replace only the first instance of a string
    `$ sed '0,/old_string/s//new_string/' filename`

322. Print all lines except the last one
    `$ sed '$d' filename`

323. Replace all occurrences of a string in the second half of the file
    `$ sed 'n,$s/old_string/new_string/g' filename`

324. Remove all characters after the first comma
    `$ sed 's/,.//' filename`

325. Replace all occurrences of a string from the first line to the 10th line
    `$ sed '1,10s/old_string/new_string/g' filename`

326. Remove trailing spaces and tabs from all lines
    `$ sed 's/[[:space:]]$//' filename`

327. Remove blank lines
    `$ sed '/^$/d' filename`

328. Change the first occurrence of a string only on lines 10 to 20
    `$ sed '10,20s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

329. Replace all tabs with spaces
    `$ sed 's/\t/ /g' filename`

330. Replace all lowercase vowels with a number
    `$ sed 's/[aeiou]/1/g' filename`

331. Print all lines except for the ones containing a string
    `$ sed '/pattern/!p' filename`

332. Replace the first occurrence of a string on the last line of the file
    `$ sed '$s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

333. Find all the lines that do not contain a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/!p' filename`

334. Replace text globally in a file, but not on the last line
    `$ sed '$!s/old_string/new_string/g' filename`

335. Print the first line of the file
    `$ sed -n '1p' filename`

336. Add a line at the beginning of a file
    `$ sed -i '1i\New line at the start' filename`

337. Remove every second line from a file
    `$ sed 'n!d' filename`

338. Insert a line before every line containing a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/i\New line before match' filename`

339. Delete all lines that match a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/d' filename`

340. Replace the last occurrence of a string in the file
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/g' filename | tac | sed 's/old_string/new_string/' | tac`

341. Print lines 5 through 10
    `$ sed -n '5,10p' filename`

342. Remove all lines except for the ones that match a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/!d' filename`

343. Replace the first word of every line with another word
    `$ sed 's/^\w\+/new_word/' filename`

344. Insert a string at the end of each line
    `$ sed 's/$/New text/' filename`

345. Replace every occurrence of a string globally
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/g' filename`

346. Remove the last word from each line
    `$ sed 's/\s\+\S$//' filename`

347. Remove lines that contain digits
    `$ sed '/[0-9]/d' filename`

348. Replace text in a specific line range
    `$ sed '10,20s/old_string/new_string/g' filename`

349. Replace the nth word on each line
    `$ sed 's/\(\(\S\s\)\{n-1\}\)\S/\1new_word/' filename`

350. Print every third line
    `$ sed -n 'n~3p' filename`

351. Print all lines before a pattern match
    `$ sed -n '1,/pattern/p' filename`

352. Print all lines after a pattern match
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/,$p' filename`

353. Remove all spaces in a file
    `$ sed 's/ //g' filename`

354. Replace the first occurrence of a string only on the last line
    `$ sed '$s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

355. Delete lines from the beginning until a pattern match is found
    `$ sed '/pattern/,$d' filename`

356. Add a line at the end of a file
    `$ sed -e '$a\New last line' filename`

357. Replace string only in the first 5 lines
    `$ sed '1,5s/old_string/new_string/g' filename`

358. Replace the nth occurrence of a string in a line
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/n' filename`

359. Replace a string but preserve the case of the original
    `$ sed 's/old_string/\L&/g' filename`

360. Print the first and last line of a file
    `$ sed -n '1p; $p' filename`

361. Replace a string on every line except for the first
    `$ sed '1!s/old_string/new_string/g' filename`

362. Insert a line after a specific line number
    `$ sed 'n a\New content' filename`

363. Replace string globally, ignoring case
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/I' filename`

364. Print lines that start with a capital letter
    `$ sed -n '/^[A-Z]/p' filename`

365. Insert a line before a match and after a match
    `$ sed '/pattern/{i\Before; a\After;}' filename`

366. Remove trailing spaces from each line
    `$ sed 's/[ \t]$//' filename`

367. Replace all occurrences of a string except for the last one
    `$ sed '$!s/old_string/new_string/g' filename`

368. Replace the last word of each line
    `$ sed 's/\(\S\)$/new_word/' filename`

369. Print every even-numbered line
    `$ sed -n 'n~2p' filename`

370. Change the nth word of each line
    `$ sed 's/\(\w\+\) \(\w\+\) \(\w\+\)/\1 new_word \3/' filename`

371. Add a prefix to every line in the file
    `$ sed 's/^/Prefix /' filename`

372. Replace a string in lines that do not match a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/!s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

373. Remove all spaces in a line
    `$ sed 's/ //g' filename`

374. Print a line only if it contains more than 5 words
    `$ sed -n '/\(\w\+\s\)\{5,\}/p' filename`

375. Remove lines containing specific characters
    `$ sed '/[#$@]/d' filename`

376. Print lines between the first match and last match of a pattern
    `$ sed -n '/start_pattern/,/end_pattern/p' filename`

377. Insert a string after a specific word
    `$ sed 's/\(pattern\)/\1 new_string/' filename`

378. Remove lines from a specific pattern to the end of the file
    `$ sed '/pattern/,$d' filename`

379. Replace the first occurrence of a string in each line
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/' filename`

380. Replace a word with a different one in lines containing a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/s/old_word/new_word/' filename`

381. Delete the first word from every line
    `$ sed 's/^\S\s//' filename`

382. Insert a line before a pattern match
    `$ sed '/pattern/i\New line before match' filename`

383. Print lines after the nth occurrence of a pattern
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/{n;p}' filename`

384. Add text after each line matching a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/s/$/ New text/' filename`

385. Print the lines before a specific pattern match
    `$ sed -n '1,/pattern/p' filename`

386. Replace a pattern only in the lines with more than 5 words
    `$ sed '/\(\w\+\s\)\{5,\}/s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

387. Replace the nth word in a specific line
    `$ sed '5s/\(\w\+\) \(\w\+\)/\1 new_word/' filename`

388. Remove all blank lines from a file
    `$ sed '/^$/d' filename`

389. Remove everything before a specific character
    `$ sed 's/^[^pattern]//' filename`

390. Add a suffix to every line in the file
    `$ sed 's/$/Suffix/' filename`

391. Print all lines from a specific match to the end of the file
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/,$p' filename`

392. Remove the first word and space in each line
    `$ sed 's/^\S //' filename`

393. Remove trailing white spaces at the end of the file
    `$ sed 's/[ \t]$//' filename`

394. Insert multiple lines after a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/a\Line 1\nLine 2' filename`

395. Replace only the last occurrence of a string in the file
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/g' filename | tac | sed 's/old_string/new_string/' | tac`

396. Replace multiple spaces with a single space
    `$ sed 's/  / /g' filename`

397. Delete lines that are greater than 80 characters
    `$ sed '/^.\{80\}/d' filename`

398. Remove all digits from the file
    `$ sed 's/[0-9]//g' filename`

399. Print the lines after a specific string match
    `$ sed -n '/start_pattern/,$p' filename`

400. Remove lines matching a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/d' filename`

401. Add a line at the end of a specific line number
    `$ sed '5a\New line' filename`

402. Replace the second word in each line
    `$ sed 's/\(\S\+\) \(\S\+\)/\1 new_word/' filename`

403. Insert a new line after a pattern match
    `$ sed '/pattern/a\New line after match' filename`

404. Remove all lines containing only whitespace
    `$ sed '/^[[:space:]]$/d' filename`

405. Print only the last line of the file
    `$ sed -n '$p' filename`

406. Replace the first occurrence of a string on a specific line
    `$ sed '5s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

407. Remove everything before the first comma
    `$ sed 's/^[^,],//' filename`

408. Replace only the nth occurrence in a line
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/n' filename`

409. Print all lines that contain a pattern
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/p' filename`

410. Replace the first 10 occurrences of a string
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/10' filename`

411. Remove lines between two patterns
    `$ sed '/start_pattern/,/end_pattern/d' filename`

412. Replace spaces with underscores
    `$ sed 's/ /_/g' filename`

413. Remove leading spaces from each line
    `$ sed 's/^[[:space:]]//' filename`

414. Print all lines except the first 10
    `$ sed '1,10d' filename`

415. Delete all lines after the 10th line
    `$ sed '10,$d' filename`

416. Insert a line at the beginning of the file
    `$ sed -i '1i\New first line' filename`

417. Replace a string only in a specific line range
    `$ sed '5,10s/old_string/new_string/g' filename`

418. Replace a string only in the first match on each line
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/' filename`

419. Remove the last character of every line
    `$ sed 's/.$//' filename`

420. Delete a specific word from all lines
    `$ sed 's/word//g' filename`

421. Replace commas with spaces
    `$ sed 's/,/ /g' filename`

422. Replace the nth character of every line
    `$ sed 's/^\(.\{n\}\)./\1new_char/' filename`

423. Delete lines that match a pattern, but keep their content
    `$ sed '/pattern/{N; s/\n//;}' filename`

424. Remove all lines starting with a specific character
    `$ sed '/^#/d' filename`

425. Insert a line at the end of the file
    `$ sed -e '$a\New last line' filename`

426. Replace the last occurrence of a word in the file
    `$ sed 's/old_word/new_word/g' filename | tac | sed 's/old_word/new_word/' | tac`

427. Print every other line starting from the first
    `$ sed -n '1~2p' filename`

428. Replace all uppercase letters with lowercase
    `$ sed 's/[A-Z]/\L&/g' filename`

429. Print every line that matches a pattern, and the next line after
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/{n;p}' filename`

430. Remove empty lines
    `$ sed '/^$/d' filename`

431. Replace a string on a specific line
    `$ sed '5s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

432. Replace a string only if it's on the first word of a line
    `$ sed 's/^old_string/new_string/' filename`

433. Replace every instance of a string, ignoring case
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/I' filename`

434. Print lines between two patterns (inclusive)
    `$ sed -n '/start_pattern/,/end_pattern/p' filename`

435. Remove everything after a comma in each line
    `$ sed 's/,.//' filename`

436. Replace a word with its uppercase version
    `$ sed 's/word/\U&/g' filename`

437. Replace all dots with commas
    `$ sed 's/\./,/g' filename`

438. Remove all lines after a pattern match
    `$ sed '/pattern/,$d' filename`

439. Insert a line before every line with a number
    `$ sed '/[0-9]/i\New line before numbers' filename`

440. Replace all occurrences of a string with its reverse
    `$ sed 's/old_string/'$(echo old_string | rev)'/g' filename`

441. Replace only the first occurrence of a pattern in a line
    `$ sed 's/pattern/new_string/' filename`

442. Remove trailing tabs from each line
    `$ sed 's/\t$//' filename`

443. Print every line that doesn’t contain a specific pattern
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/!p' filename`

444. Print the last 10 lines
    `$ sed -n '10,$p' filename`

445. Replace the second occurrence of a string in a line
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/2' filename`

446. Add a prefix to every line
    `$ sed 's/^/Prefix /' filename`

447. Print lines starting with a specific character
    `$ sed -n '/^#/p' filename`

448. Remove specific characters from a file
    `$ sed 's/[[:punct:]]//g' filename`

449. Replace multiple spaces with a single space
    `$ sed 's/  / /g' filename`

450. Replace all spaces with tabs
    `$ sed 's/ /\t/g' filename`

451. Change the case of each word
    `$ sed 's/\w\+/\u&/g' filename`

452. Remove lines that contain only digits
    `$ sed '/^[0-9]$/d' filename`

453. Add a string to the beginning of each line
    `$ sed 's/^/New string /' filename`

454. Remove all words starting with a specific letter
    `$ sed 's/\b[aA]\w\b//g' filename`

455. Replace a string globally only if it matches the whole line
    `$ sed '/^old_string$/s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

456. Insert text before a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/i\New text before pattern' filename`

457. Delete lines that are longer than 80 characters
    `$ sed '/^.\{80\}/d' filename`

458. Replace the nth word of every line with a string
    `$ sed 's/\(\w\+\) \(\w\+\) \(\w\+\)/\1 new_word \3/' filename`

459. Delete lines that don’t contain a pattern
    `$ sed '/pattern/!d' filename`

460. Remove characters from a specific position to the end of each line
    `$ sed 's/^\(.\{n\}\)./\1/' filename`

461. Replace first occurrence of a string in the last 5 lines
    `$ sed '$-5,$s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

462. Delete lines from the first occurrence of a pattern to the last line
    `$ sed '/pattern/,$d' filename`

463. Print lines that do not match a pattern
    `$ sed -n '/pattern/!p' filename`

464. Replace all hyphens with spaces
    `$ sed 's/-/ /g' filename`

465. Print only lines starting with a specific word
    `$ sed -n '/^start_word/p' filename`

466. Remove blank lines with tabs or spaces
    `$ sed '/^[[:space:]]$/d' filename`

467. Print a range of lines starting from a specific line
    `$ sed -n '5,15p' filename`

468. Replace the nth occurrence of a pattern in the whole file
    `$ sed 's/old_string/new_string/n' filename`

469. Remove lines that contain a pattern and their surrounding lines
    `$ sed '/pattern/{N; d;}' filename`

470. Replace a string on lines containing another string
    `$ sed '/pattern/s/old_string/new_string/' filename`

471. Replace the first word in a line with another word
    `$ sed 's/^\w\+/new_word/' filename`

472. Remove lines with the pattern at the start and end of the line
    `$ sed '/^start_pattern$/d' filename`

473. Remove the last word of the last line
    `$ sed '$s/\s\+\S$//' filename`

474. Replace tabs with a specific number of spaces
    `$ sed 's/\t/    /g' filename`

475. Add a suffix to the end of every line
    `$ sed 's/$/ New suffix/' filename`

476. Replace all numbers with a word
    `$ sed 's/[0-9]\+/word/g' filename`

477. Replace the nth occurrence of a string on specific lines
    `$ sed '5,10s/old_string/new_string/n' filename`

478. Print all lines except the ones starting with a specific letter
    `$ sed '/^A/!p' filename`

479. Delete all lines that contain only alphabets
    `$ sed '/^[A-Za-z]$/d' filename`

480. Insert a line after every pattern match
    `$ sed '/pattern/a\New line after match' filename`

481. Replace a string globally only for even-numbered lines
    `$ sed 'n~2s/old_string/new_string/g' filename`

482. Remove all non-alphabetic characters from the file
    `$ sed 's/[^A-Za-z]//g' filename`

483. Print every line except the ones with specific characters
    `$ sed '/[#$@]/!p' filename`

484. Remove all commas and replace them with a space
    `$ sed 's/,/ /g' filename`

485. Delete all lines with the string "delete"
    `$ sed '/delete/d' filename`

486. Remove extra spaces and convert them to a single space
    `$ sed 's/  / /g' filename`

487. Replace every tab with four spaces
    `$ sed 's/\t/    /g' filename`

488. Delete lines that match a pattern but add a comment
    `$ sed '/pattern/{s/.$/#Commented line/;}' filename`

489. Replace all words with "word"
    `$ sed 's/\w\+/word/g' filename`

490. Change case of a word globally
    `$ sed 's/old_word/\U&/g' filename`

491. Add a line before every pattern match
    `$ sed '/pattern/i\New line before match' filename`

492. Delete the first word from each line
    `$ sed 's/^\S\s//' filename`

493. Replace every occurrence of a string in a specific column
    `$ sed 's/\(\S\s\)\{n\}old_string/new_string/' filename`

494. Delete all empty lines from a file
    `$ sed '/^$/d' filename`

495. Remove all instances of a string from a file
    `$ sed 's/old_string//g' filename`

496. Print only lines matching a specific word and add a suffix
    `$ sed '/pattern/s/$/ suffix/' filename`

497. Delete lines that are over a certain length
    `$ sed '/^.\{80\}/d' filename`

498. Replace a string and add it to the end of the line
    `$ sed 's/old_string/& appended_string/' filename`

499. Replace all digits with a placeholder
    `$ sed 's/[0-9]/X/g' filename`

500. Remove lines that start with a specific character  #
    `$ sed '/^#/'d filename`

501. Print lines start with specific character #
    `$ sed -n '/^#/p' filename`