Du discours public aux actions réelles : Comprendre les mécanismes d'influence, d'intermédiation et

ENGLISH

1. Mark M. Lowenthal
Title: Intelligence: From Secrets to Policy
URL: https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/intelligence/book286866

2. Christopher Andrew
Title: The Secret World: A History of Intelligence
URL: https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300248296/the-secret-world/

3. Richards J. Heuer Jr.
Title: Psychology of Intelligence Analysis
URL: https://www.ialeia.org/docs/Psychology_of_Intelligence_Analysis.pdf

4. George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies
Title: Active Measures: Russia's Covert Geopolitical Operations
URL: https://www.marshallcenter.org/en/publications/security-insights/active-measures-russias-covert-geopolitical-operations-0

5. RAND Corporation
Topic: Information Operations
URL: https://www.rand.org/topics/information-operations.html


FRANCAIS

6. Academie du renseignement
Title: Strategie nationale du renseignement
URL: https://www.academie-renseignement.gouv.fr/strategie-nationale-du-renseignement

7. SGDSN / VIGINUM
Topic: Protection contre les ingerences numeriques etrangeres
URL: https://www.sgdsn.gouv.fr/notre-organisation/composantes/service-de-vigilance-et-protection-contre-les-ingerences-numeriques

8. IRSEM
Title: Les strategies et les pratiques d'influence de la Russie
URL: https://www.irsem.fr/storage/file_manager_files/2025/03/etude-irsem-n49-2017.pdf

9. SGDSN / VIGINUM
Title: Guerre en Ukraine : trois annees d'operations informationnelles russes
URL: https://www.sgdsn.gouv.fr/files/files/Publications/20250224_TLP-CLEAR_NP_SGDSN_VIGINUM_Guerre%20en%20Ukraine_Trois%20ann%C3%A9es%20d%27op%C3%A9rations%20informationnelles%20russes_1.0_VF.pdf


DEUTSCH

10. Bundesnachrichtendienst
Topic: Analysis
URL: https://www.bnd.bund.de/EN/What-we-do/Analysis/analysis_node.html

11. Bundesnachrichtendienst
Topic: Auswertung und Beschaffung
URL: https://www.bnd.bund.de/DE/Der_BND/Organisationsbereiche/Organisationsbereiche_sa2.html

12. Bundesamt fuer Verfassungsschutz
Topic: Russische Spionage, Sabotage und Desinformation
URL: https://www.verfassungsschutz.de/SharedDocs/hintergruende/DE/spionage-und-proliferationsabwehr/gefaehrdung-russische-spionage-sabotage-desinformation.html

13. SWP
Topic: Russland, Cyberattacken und Desinformation
URL: https://www.swp-berlin.org/publikation/swp-podcast-spezial-wie-russland-im-ukraine-krieg-auf-cyberattacken-und-desinformation-setzt


ITALIANO

14. Sistema di informazione per la sicurezza della Repubblica
Title: Relazione annuale
URL: https://www.sicurezzanazionale.gov.it/cosa-facciamo/relazione-annuale

15. Sistema di informazione per la sicurezza della Repubblica
Topic: Chi siamo
URL: https://www.sicurezzanazionale.gov.it/chi-siamo

16. ISPI
Title: Propaganda, il quarto potere diffuso di Putin in Italia
URL: https://www.ispionline.it/it/pubblicazione/propaganda-il-quarto-potere-diffuso-di-putin-italia-34954

17. ISPI
Title: La propaganda come strumento di politica estera: il caso della Russia di Putin
URL: https://www.ispionline.it/it/pubblicazione/la-propaganda-come-strumento-di-politica-estera-il-caso-della-russia-di-putin-16218


PORTUGUES

18. ABIN
Title: Doutrina da Atividade de Inteligencia
URL: https://www.gov.br/abin/pt-br/centrais-de-conteudo/publicacoes/doutrina/Doutrina-da-Atividade-de-Inteligencia-2023

19. SIS Portugal
Title: A missao do SIS na prevencao das ameacas ao Estado de direito democratico
URL: https://sis.sirp.pt/a-missao-do-sis-na-prevencao-das-ameacas-ao-estado-de-direito-democratico/

20. SIRP Portugal
Topic: Sistema de Informacoes da Republica Portuguesa
URL: https://cfsirp.pt/en/

21. Tribunal de Contas Europeu
Title: Desinformacao na UE: fenomeno combatido, mas nao controlado
URL: https://op.europa.eu/webpub/eca/special-reports/disinformation-9-2021/pt/


ESPANOL

22. Centro Nacional de Inteligencia
Topic: Principios y funciones
URL: https://www.cni.es/sobre-el-cni/principios-y-funciones

23. Real Instituto Elcano
Title: El poder de la influencia rusa: la desinformacion
URL: https://www.realinstitutoelcano.org/analisis/el-poder-de-la-influencia-rusa-la-desinformacion/

24. Departamento de Seguridad Nacional
Title: Estrategia de Seguridad Nacional 2021
URL: https://www.dsn.gob.es/sites/default/files/documents/ESN2021%20Accesible_1.pdf

25. IEEE / Ministerio de Defensa
Title: La desinformacion como arma de guerra
URL: https://www.ieee.es/Galerias/fichero/docs_opinion/2024/DIEEEO26_2024_VVAA_Desinformacion.pdf


HEBREW

26. INSS
Title: השפעה זרה והתערבות זרה – המשגת המונחים
URL: https://www.inss.org.il/he/publication/influence-and-interference/

27. INSS
Title: קמפיין ההשפעה של רוסיה נגד ישראל: השלכות אסטרטגיות
URL: https://www.inss.org.il/he/publication/russia-disinformation/

28. INSS
Title: ניצול תשתיות פוליטיות ועסקיות להשפעה זרה באמצעות סוכני השפעה
URL: https://www.inss.org.il/he/publication/russia-influence-business/

29. Israeli Intelligence Heritage and Commemoration Center
Title: מודיעין להשפעה במלחמת רוסיה-אוקראינה
URL: https://www.intelligence-research.org.il/post/intelligence-influence-ru-ua


UKRAINIAN

30. Armed Forces of Ukraine
Title: Доктрина зі стратегічних комунікацій
URL: https://sprotyvg7.com.ua/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/%D0%92%D0%9A%D0%9F-10-0049.01-%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%B7%D1%96-%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B8%CC%86.pdf

31. Centre for Strategic Communication and Information Security
Topic: Countering Russian disinformation
URL: https://spravdi.org/

32. National Defence University of Ukraine
Title: Стратегічні комунікації України в умовах російсько-української війни
URL: https://nio.nuou.org.ua/article/view/288381


RUSSIAN

33. Kremlin
Title: Доктрина информационной безопасности Российской Федерации
URL: https://kremlin.ru/acts/bank/41460

34. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation
Title: Военная доктрина Российской Федерации
URL: https://www.mid.ru/ru/foreign_policy/official_documents/1584621/

35. Kremlin
Title: Концепция внешней политики Российской Федерации, 2023
URL: https://www.kremlin.ru/acts/bank/49090

36. Consultant.ru
Title: Указ Президента РФ от 05.12.2016 N 646
URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_208191/


POLSKI

37. Agencja Wywiadu
Topic: Zadania
URL: https://www.aw.gov.pl/pl/o-nas/zadania/123%2CZadania.html

38. Agencja Bezpieczenstwa Wewnetrznego
Topic: Analizy i informacje
URL: https://www.abw.gov.pl/pl/o-abw/zadania/51%2CAnalizy-i-informacje.html

39. OSW
Title: Urwac leb hydrze: jak walczyc z rosyjska dezinformacja
URL: https://www.osw.waw.pl/sites/default/files/PW_91_Urwa%C4%87-%C5%82eb-hydrze.pdf

40. OSW
Title: Zawladnac umyslami i urzadzic swiat. Rosyjska strategia informacyjna
URL: https://www.osw.waw.pl/sites/default/files/Zawladnac%20umyslami_JD_www_0.pdf

41. PISM
Title: Rosyjska dezinformacja w sprawie ataku dronow na Polske
URL: https://www.pism.pl/publikacje/rosyjska-dezinformacja-w-sprawie-ataku-dronow-na-polske


JAPANESE

42. Cabinet Intelligence and Research Office
Topic: 内閣情報調査室
URL: https://www.cas.go.jp/jp/gaiyou/jimu/jyouhoutyousa/index.html

43. National Institute for Defense Studies
Title: 偽情報を含む影響工作と情報機関による情報戦
URL: https://www.clearing.mod.go.jp/hakusho_data/2024/html/nc011000.html

44. National Institute for Defense Studies
Title: わが国におけるインテリジェンスの現状と課題
URL: https://www.nids.mod.go.jp/publication/briefing/pdf/2006/200605.pdf

45. Nippon Institute for Research Advancement / NPI
Title: ロシアによる情報戦
URL: https://www.npi.or.jp/research/data/ae1a4134823794ee3fdf5c116be983dd1f21a727.pdf

46. Japan Institute of International Affairs
Title: 日本の国力としてのインテリジェンス
URL: https://www.jiia.or.jp/jpn/report/2025/11/2025-14.html

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ENGLISH

1. George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies
Title: Active Measures: Russia's Covert Geopolitical Operations
Relevance: Active measures, front organizations, deniable influence, covert political action.
URL: https://www.marshallcenter.org/en/publications/security-insights/active-measures-russias-covert-geopolitical-operations-0

2. RAND Corporation
Title: Competing in the Gray Zone: Russian Tactics and Western Responses
Relevance: Gray-zone tactics, ambiguity, deniability, opportunistic and strategic Russian behavior.
URL: https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR2700/RR2791/RAND_RR2791.pdf

3. Taylor & Francis / Intelligence and National Security
Title: Where covert action, organized crime and irregular warfare intersect
Relevance: Intersections between intelligence services, irregular actors, opportunists and criminal networks.
URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02684527.2024.2417454

4. US Naval Institute
Title: The Hallmarks of Russia's Hybrid War
Relevance: Proxies, gray-zone operations, ambiguity, intelligence services and deniability.
URL: https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/2026/april/hallmarks-russias-hybrid-war


FRANCAIS

5. SGDSN
Title: Instruction generale interministerielle n°1300 sur la protection du secret de la defense nationale
Relevance: Classification, compartmentalization, need-to-know, protection of sensitive information.
URL: https://www.sgdsn.gouv.fr/files/files/Nos_missions/igi-1300-20210809.pdf

6. CNCTR
Title: Les techniques de renseignement controlees par la CNCTR
Relevance: Legal control of intelligence techniques and institutional framing.
URL: https://www.cnctr.fr/techniques-de-renseignement

7. Vie publique
Title: La doctrine du renseignement au sein de la gendarmerie
Relevance: Renseignement as an evolving practice depending on situation, mission and transmission.
URL: https://www.vie-publique.fr/files/collection_number/portrait/photo/3000000000043.pdf


DEUTSCH

8. Austrian Institute for European and Security Policy
Title: Die russische hybride Kriegsfuehrung gegen die Ukraine
Relevance: Russian hybrid warfare, continuity before 2022, adaptation of methods.
URL: https://www.aies.at/download/2023/AIES-Study-2023-3.pdf

9. Bundesamt fuer Verfassungsschutz
Title: Russische Spionage, Sabotage und Desinformation
Relevance: Russian intelligence, sabotage, disinformation and hostile state activity.
URL: https://www.verfassungsschutz.de/SharedDocs/hintergruende/DE/spionage-und-proliferationsabwehr/gefaehrdung-russische-spionage-sabotage-desinformation.html

10. SWP
Title: Wie Russland im Ukraine-Krieg auf Cyberattacken und Desinformation setzt
Relevance: Cyberattacks, disinformation and Russian hybrid practices.
URL: https://www.swp-berlin.org/publikation/swp-podcast-spezial-wie-russland-im-ukraine-krieg-auf-cyberattacken-und-desinformation-setzt


ITALIANO

11. Ministero della Difesa
Title: Non-paper sul contrasto alla guerra ibrida
Relevance: Hybrid campaigns, ambiguous attribution, exploitation of systemic vulnerabilities.
URL: https://www.difesa.it/assets/allegati/83696/non-paper_il_contrasto_alla_guerra_ibrida.pdf

12. ISPI
Title: La propaganda come strumento di politica estera: il caso della Russia di Putin
Relevance: Russian propaganda, foreign policy, influence and strategic messaging.
URL: https://www.ispionline.it/it/pubblicazione/la-propaganda-come-strumento-di-politica-estera-il-caso-della-russia-di-putin-16218


PORTUGUES

13. ABIN
Title: Doutrina da Atividade de Inteligencia
Relevance: Intelligence doctrine, decision support, institutional intelligence activity.
URL: https://www.gov.br/abin/pt-br/centrais-de-conteudo/publicacoes/doutrina/Doutrina-da-Atividade-de-Inteligencia-2023

14. Escola de Guerra Naval
Title: A desinformacao como ferramenta da guerra hibrida
Relevance: Disinformation, hybrid war, shaping internal and external perception.
URL: https://assets.marinha.mil.br/egn/sites/www.marinha.mil.br.egn/files/C-PEM010%20-%20CMG%20%28FN%29%20ALEXANDRE%20HENRIQUE%20BATISTA%20BARBOSA%20-%20A%20DESINFORMA%C3%87%C3%83O%20COMO%20FERRAMENTA%20DA%20GUERRA%20H%C3%8DBRIDA.pdf

15. Escola Superior de Guerra
Title: A arte da guerra furtiva: as Forcas de Operacoes Especiais no seculo XXI
Relevance: Influence operations, special operations, stealth, adaptation and hybrid methods.
URL: https://www.gov.br/esg/pt-br/centrais-de-conteudo/publicacoes/operacoes-conjuntas-artigos-doutrinarios/arquivos/1_a-arte-da-guerra-furtiva_sof-no-seculo-xxi_rmm.pdf/%40%40display-file/file


ESPANOL

16. Ministerio de Defensa / IEEE
Title: La desinformacion como arma de guerra
Relevance: Disinformation, influence, warfare and strategic effects.
URL: https://www.ieee.es/Galerias/fichero/docs_opinion/2024/DIEEEO26_2024_VVAA_Desinformacion.pdf

17. Ministerio de Defensa
Title: Amenaza hibrida: la guerra imprevisible
Relevance: Hybrid threats, intelligence, deception, cyber operations and unpredictability.
URL: https://publicaciones.defensa.gob.es/media/downloadable/files/links/a/m/amenaza_hibrida._la_guerra_imprevisible.pdf

18. Council of the European Union
Title: Actividades hibridas de Rusia: sanciones de la UE
Relevance: Sabotage, cyberattacks, critical infrastructure disruption, foreign information manipulation.
URL: https://www.consilium.europa.eu/es/policies/sanctions-against-russia-hybrid-threats/


HEBREW

19. INSS
Title: השפעה זרה והתערבות זרה - המשגת המונחים
Relevance: Foreign influence, foreign interference and conceptual distinctions.
URL: https://www.inss.org.il/he/publication/influence-and-interference/

20. INSS
Title: ניצול תשתיות פוליטיות ועסקיות להשפעה זרה באמצעות סוכני השפעה
Relevance: Use of political and business infrastructures, agents of influence, overt and covert channels.
URL: https://www.inss.org.il/he/publication/russia-influence-business/

21. Israeli Intelligence Heritage and Commemoration Center
Title: מודיעין להשפעה במלחמת רוסיה-אוקראינה
Relevance: Intelligence for influence, public intelligence disclosure, Russia-Ukraine war.
URL: https://www.intelligence-research.org.il/post/intelligence-influence-ru-ua


UKRAINIAN

22. Armed Forces of Ukraine
Title: Доктрина зі стратегічних комунікацій
Relevance: Strategic communications doctrine, coordination and information effects.
URL: https://sprotyvg7.com.ua/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/%D0%92%D0%9A%D0%9F-10-0049.01-%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%B7%D1%96-%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B8%CC%86.pdf

23. Center for Strategic Communication and Information Security
Title: Гібридна війна Росії проти України
Relevance: Russian hybrid war, propaganda, disinformation and countermeasures.
URL: https://spravdi.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/gibrydna-vijna-rosiyi-proty-ukrayiny-1.pdf

24. Razumkov Centre
Title: Гібридна війна Росії - виклик і загроза для Європи
Relevance: Russian hybrid warfare, proxy structures, destabilization and strategic communications.
URL: https://razumkov.org.ua/uploads/journal/ukr/NSD167-168_2016_ukr.pdf


RUSSIAN

25. Kremlin
Title: Доктрина информационной безопасности Российской Федерации
Relevance: Russian information security doctrine.
URL: https://kremlin.ru/acts/bank/41460

26. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation
Title: Военная доктрина Российской Федерации
Relevance: Russian military doctrine and strategic framing.
URL: https://www.mid.ru/ru/foreign_policy/official_documents/1584621/

27. Kremlin
Title: Концепция внешней политики Российской Федерации, 2023
Relevance: Russian foreign policy concept, strategic interests and international positioning.
URL: https://www.kremlin.ru/acts/bank/49090

28. CyberLeninka
Title: Информационная составляющая гибридной войны
Relevance: Russian-language academic discussion of hybrid warfare and information confrontation.
URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/informatsionnaya-sostavlyayuschaya-gibridnoy-voyny

29. Diplomatic Academy of the Russian MFA
Title: Гибридные войны: российский ответ
Relevance: Russian official-academic framing of hybrid war.
URL: https://www.dipacademy.ru/documents/10875/Sbornik-Gibridnye-Voiny-Rossii.pdf


POLSKI

30. OSW
Title: Zawladnac umyslami i urzadzic swiat. Rosyjska strategia informacyjna
Relevance: Russian information strategy, influence, worldview and strategic narratives.
URL: https://www.osw.waw.pl/sites/default/files/Zawladnac%20umyslami_JD_www_0.pdf

31. OSW
Title: Urwac leb hydrze: jak walczyc z rosyjska dezinformacja
Relevance: Russian disinformation, cognitive warfare, FIMI and hybrid war.
URL: https://www.osw.waw.pl/sites/default/files/PW_91_Urwa%C4%87-%C5%82eb-hydrze.pdf

32. Pulaski Foundation
Title: Rosyjska wojna dezinformacyjna przeciwko Polsce
Relevance: Russian information warfare, narratives, psychological warfare and social destabilization.
URL: https://pulaski.pl/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/RAPORT-Rosyjska-wojna-dezinformacyjna-przeciwko-Polsce.pdf

33. Biblioteka Nauki
Title: Srodki aktywne jako rosyjska agresja hybrydowa
Relevance: Active measures, Russian hybrid aggression and influence.
URL: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/501639.pdf


JAPANESE

34. Ministry of Defense Japan
Title: 偽情報を含む影響工作と情報機関による情報戦
Relevance: Influence operations, intelligence services, information warfare, Russia and Ukraine.
URL: https://www.clearing.mod.go.jp/hakusho_data/2024/html/nc011000.html

35. J-STAGE
Title: ロシアの影響工作（Influence Operation）
Relevance: Russian influence operations and information warfare.
URL: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/roseursoc/2020/1052/2020_2/_pdf

36. INODS
Title: ロシア情報機関とデジタル影響工作
Relevance: Russian intelligence agencies and digital influence operations.
URL: https://inods.co.jp/topics/experts/4797/

37. NPI
Title: サイバー攻撃と複合的脅威 - 日本の対応課題
Relevance: Hybrid threats, cyberattacks, attribution difficulty and human vulnerabilities.
URL: https://www.npi.or.jp/research/data/npi_commentary_yamamoto_20260330.pdf