2015-07-18 Saturday: 12 Experts

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
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Homework: do the test, and on the back write two paragraphs
1 - Write about one of the situations on p. 133 part 14 (try to use some reported speech in your story)
2 - Write about the communication technology or apps/programs that you use. How do you keep in contact with friends and family? Which social networking sites do you use? Why?

(remember that you can still check the Core class notes for more details about our lessons)
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blacksmith
typist
wheelwright

What particular skills do these people have (that people with other jobs don’t have or need)?
Why are those skills generally unnecessary now? (What technique or technology has replaced them?)
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wright = worker
playwright, cartwright, wainwright, etc.
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What are some things people are experts in today, with skills that didn’t exist or were unnecessary in the past?
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p. 142 part 1 - How are each of these things helpful on an expedition?
Read the descriptions of the two researchers.
mammal = animal that produces milk for its young
part 4 - which person do you think uses each of these words?
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part 5 - listen and check who says each word
horn
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p. 143 part 7 - who probably said each sentence?
1 Emma
2 Beth or Emma
3 Beth (insects - including mosquitoes)
4 Emma
5 Beth
6 Emma

We could have been killed. = It was possible to be killed, but it didn’t happen.
(= We might have been killed.)
We couldn’t have avoided the insects. = It was not possible. (We didn’t avoid them, and if we had done something differently, we still wouldn’t have avoided them.)
We should have taken more repellent. = It was a good idea, but they didn’t do it.
We shouldn’t have put up our tents in that spot. = It wasn’t a good idea, but they did it anyway.

Remember: “could have” can also be used for speculation about real events
The mammoth could have died from the cold. (It was possible, but I’m not sure.)
(= The mammoth might have died from the cold. = The mammoth may have died from the cold.)
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p. 143 part 10 - complete the paragraph with the correct words: could (not) have / should (not) have + past part.
1 shouldn’t have eaten
2 couldn’t have felt
3 could have had / should have had
4 should have taken
5 could have died
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I should have eaten less. -> I should’ve eaten less. (-> I shoulda eaten less.)
I should have taken it. -> I should’ve taken it. -> I shoulda taken it.
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p. 144-145 part 1
part 2 - read the article
(go over vocabulary)
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If they had learned to build igloos, they would have been warm.
(They did not learn to build igloos, so they were not warm.)

Third Conditional = Past Unreal Conditional
if + [past perfect], subject + would have + past participle (would, could, or might)
If I had studied, I might have passed the test. (or maybe not--who knows?)
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We often don’t need to include the if-clause, because everyone understands the condition:
(If I were you,) I would call them right away. (present advice = You should call them.)
(If I had been you,) I would have called them right away. (past advice = You should have called them.)
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BREAK
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p. 145 part 8 - with a partner, write 3rd conditional sentences about each situation, using the words in ( )
1 If they had worn furs, they wouldn’t have gotten frostbite.
2 If they had had dogs, they wouldn’t have pulled their sleds by themselves, and they wouldn’t have gotten exhausted.
3 If they had taken only essential items, the sleds would have been lighter.
4 If the men had eaten Inuit food, they wouldn’t have gotten scurvy.
5 If they had known the food was poisonous, they wouldn’t have become ill.
6 If they had asked local people about the Arctic Ocean’s water, they wouldn’t have gotten stuck in the ice.
7 If they had followed local customs, the expeditions would have been successful.
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In your groups, spend 15 minutes to become an “expert” in your topic.
Group A asks a question to group B, and then says if they believe the answer. (If they don’t and it’s true, one person who thought it was false leaves group A. If they don’t and it’s false, the person who answered leaves group B.)
Group A asks a question to group C.
Group B asks C and A. Group C asks A and B. etc.
The last team with people on it wins.