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- Greg Malivuk
- http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
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- p. 472 - Read the text and take notes.
- This passage explains types of symbiotic relationship (a relationship between two organisms):
- 1 mutualism + +
- 2 parasitism + -
- 3 commensalism + 0
- obligate: + can’t survive without 0
- facultative: + can survive alone or with 0
- Listen and take notes. (The professor explains the relationships and gives 3 examples.)
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- Read and listen for question 4 again. (p. 472-473)
- The professor gives two examples of symbiotic relationships that change. Explain both examples in terms of what the original symbiotic relationship was and what symbiotic relationship it became.
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- When you took listening notes, you should have gotten all three:
- bees and orchid: helps the orchid, but we don’t know if it helps or hurts the bee
- skin bacteria: commensal (helps the bacteria and doesn’t matter to us), but if the skin is burned, it becomes parasitic because the bacteria can infect the skin
- shrimp and crabs on coral: commensal (helps the animals and doesn’t matter to the coral), but the shrimp and crabs can defend the coral if it’s attacked (by a sea star), which is a mutual relationship
- The question is only about the last two, which change the type of the relationship.
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- Basic Skills for the TOEFL iBT handout
- What is the mistake on the first page (p. 5)?
- - you only have 20 seconds to prepare Q5 and Q6 (integrated without a reading passage)
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- p. 11 part B - Read the passage and answer the questions.
- p. 12 part A - take 45 seconds to read the information again and underline key information
- part B - Listen to the conversation and complete the notes.
- p. 13 part D - Listen to the sample response and complete the outline.
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