$url = Url::fromRoute($router_name);

Drupal::service('path.validator')->getUrlIfValid('node/1')

$route_name = Url::fromUserInput($internal_path)->getRouteName();

Drupal::request()->get(SymfonyCmfComponentRoutingRouteObjectInterface::ROUTE_NAME)

Drupal::service('path.validator')->getUrlIfValid('node/*')

$url = '/node/1';
$request = SymfonyComponentHttpFoundationRequest::create($url);
$router = Drupal::service('router.no_access_checks');
$result = $router->matchRequests($url);