Untitled

<html>
<head>
    <title></title>
</head>
<body>

    <div>
        <p data-message="hello">Hello, World</p>
        <ul>
            <li></li>
        </ul>
        <p>Try again</p>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

var el = document.querySelector('li');
el.closest('p[data-message]');

el.closest('div').querySelector('p[data-message]')