2014-10-06 Evening: relative clauses

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
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No Class October 13 (Monday) - Columbus Day
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Homework: handout p. 175, all three exercises about relative clauses
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5
1 who
2 who
3 that/which
4 which
5 that/which
6 who/that
7 which
8 who
9 that/which
10 whom
(Laurel often caused the many accidents that happened to them both, and after that Hardy would get angry.)
...happened to them both, after which Hardy would get angry.

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He speaks English, which is one of the most international languages in the world.
(non-defining relative clause: English is already identified, the relative clause gives additional information that is not needed to specify the language)

He speaks the same language that I teach.
(defining relative clause: before "that" you don't know which language the sentence is about, so the relative clause is needed to identify it)
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My sister  who lives in Florida  got married recently. (more than one sister, and I'm just talking about the one who lives in Florida - defining)

My sister, who lives in Florida, got married recently. (I only have one sister, and I'm just giving you the extra information about where she lives - non-defining)
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I like all of my students who do their homework. ("who do their homework" is necessary (defining) information, it tells you which students I like)

I like all of my students, who do their homework. ("who do their homework" is just extra information. I like all of my students, and all of them do their homework.)
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I grew up with three brothers, which was pretty noisy at times.
("which" means the whole situation, "I grew up with three brothers")
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SUBJ	OBJ	POSS
he	him	his
who	whom	whose
she	her	her
I	me	my
we	us	our
you	you	your
they	them	their
it	it	its

When he takes the drug, he becomes an evil version of himself.
He calls him (the evil version) Mr. Hyde.
-> ...version of himself, whom he calls Mr. Hyde.
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exercise 6
1 that/which uses exaggerated actions, often involving accidents.
2 who controls a sports game.
3 in which each competitor takes part in three different sports.
4 who you rent a room or flat from. (less formal)
  from whom you rent a room or flat. (more formal)
5 , the largest part of which is below the surface of the water,
6 , some of which are poisonous,
7 , which consists of nine islands,
8 , who is best known as Mark Twain,
  , who(m) most people know as Mark Twain,

I love the book
	   that you bought from the bookstore
				    where you first met the woman
							    who is now your wife.

* I have a car which its door is broken. (wrong)
I have a car whose door is broken. (correct, but sounds strange to many people)
I have a car the door of which is broken. (correct, but very formal)
I have a car that's door is broken. (informal, but possibly correct)

I live on the Newbury Street that is in Somerville, not the Newbury Street that is in Boston.
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exercise 7
a letter that said
The letter, which came from the university
(which means 'the end')
which felt really weird
that I could be fired from
student who/that didn't have a job
an error that/which had been caused
only one who/that had been terminated
other people who/that didn't have jobs
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0 A clause is a group of words containing a subject and a verb.
 (A clause is a group of words which contains a subject and a verb.)
1 A memo is a written note sent between people working in the same organization.
 (A memo is a written note that is sent between people who work in the same...)
2 A mermaid is an imaginary creature having the body of a woman but...
 (A mermaid is an imaginary creature who/which/that has the body of a woman...)
3 A jigsaw is a picture printed on cardboard or wood and cut into various shapes...
 (...a picture that is printed on cardboard or wood and (that is) cut into...)
4 A shadow is a dark area on a surface caused by an object standing between...
 (...surface which is caused by an object which stands between...)

I'm reading a book by that author that I really like.

I'm reading a book by that author which I really like. (I really like the book.)
I'm reading a book by that author who(m) I really like. (I really like the author.)
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Homework: p. 182-183 from the handout ("Tests" section)