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  1. @prefix : <xml:base#> .
  2. @prefix p1: <urn:default:baseUri:#> .
  3. @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
  4. @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
  5. @prefix xml: <http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace> .
  6. @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
  7. @prefix owl2: <http://www.w3.org/2006/12/owl2#> .
  8. @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
  9. @prefix owl2xml: <http://www.w3.org/2006/12/owl2-xml#> .
  10. @prefix AfricanWildlifeOntology1: <file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#> .
  11. @prefix AfricanWildlifeOntology11: <http://www.meteck.org/teaching/ontologies/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#> .
  12. @base <http://www.meteck.org/teaching/ontologies/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl> .
  13.  
  14. <http://www.meteck.org/teaching/ontologies/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl> rdf:type owl:Ontology ;
  15. rdfs:comment "MK downloaded this file from http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~lapalme/ift6281/OWL/AfricanWildlifeOntology.xml, changed the extension to .owl and appended the name with Web. That ontology give a load error in protege due to the use of Collection in the definition of Herbivore, so the AfricanWildlifeOntology0.owl has that piece removed." ,
  16. """AfricanWildlifeOntology0.owl was then modified by Maria Keet (classes and object properties added, more comments added, updated the uri etc) and renamed into AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl.
  17. This is still an ontology just for tutorial purposes, so take it with a grain of salt""" ,
  18. "African Wildlide Ontology, Semantic Web Primer, 4.3.1 pages 119-133" .
  19.  
  20. #################################################################
  21. # Annotation properties
  22. #################################################################
  23.  
  24. ### http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment
  25. rdfs:comment rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty .
  26.  
  27.  
  28. #################################################################
  29. # Object Properties
  30. #################################################################
  31.  
  32. ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#eaten-by
  33. AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eaten-by rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
  34. owl:inverseOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats .
  35.  
  36.  
  37. ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#eats
  38. AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
  39. rdfs:range [ rdf:type owl:Class ;
  40. owl:unionOf ( AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal
  41. AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant
  42. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  43. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ;
  44. owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal
  45. ]
  46. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  47. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ;
  48. owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant
  49. ]
  50. )
  51. ] .
  52.  
  53.  
  54. ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#is-part-of
  55. AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
  56. owl:inverseOf p1:has-part ;
  57. rdf:type owl:TransitiveProperty ,
  58. owl:ReflexiveProperty .
  59.  
  60.  
  61. ### http://www.meteck.org/teaching/ontologies/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#has-mother
  62. AfricanWildlifeOntology11:has-mother rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
  63. owl:FunctionalProperty .
  64.  
  65.  
  66. ### urn:default:baseUri:#has-part
  67. p1:has-part rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
  68. owl:TransitiveProperty .
  69.  
  70.  
  71. ### urn:default:baseUri:#is-proper-part-of
  72. p1:is-proper-part-of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
  73. rdfs:subPropertyOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ;
  74. rdf:type owl:IrreflexiveProperty .
  75.  
  76.  
  77. #################################################################
  78. # Classes
  79. #################################################################
  80.  
  81. ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#animal
  82. AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal rdf:type owl:Class ;
  83. owl:disjointWith AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant .
  84.  
  85.  
  86. ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#branch
  87. AfricanWildlifeOntology1:branch rdf:type owl:Class ;
  88. rdfs:subClassOf p1:PlantParts ,
  89. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  90. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ;
  91. owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:tree
  92. ] ;
  93. rdfs:comment "Branches are parts of trees." .
  94.  
  95.  
  96. ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#carnivore
  97. AfricanWildlifeOntology1:carnivore rdf:type owl:Class ;
  98. owl:equivalentClass [ rdf:type owl:Class ;
  99. owl:unionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  100. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  101. owl:allValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal
  102. ]
  103. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  104. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  105. owl:allValuesFrom [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  106. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ;
  107. owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal
  108. ]
  109. ]
  110. )
  111. ] ;
  112. rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal ;
  113. owl:disjointWith AfricanWildlifeOntology1:herbivore ,
  114. p1:Omnivore ;
  115. rdfs:comment "Carnivores are exactly those animals that eat only animals." .
  116.  
  117.  
  118. ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#giraffe
  119. AfricanWildlifeOntology1:giraffe rdf:type owl:Class ;
  120. rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal ,
  121. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  122. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  123. owl:allValuesFrom [ rdf:type owl:Class ;
  124. owl:unionOf ( AfricanWildlifeOntology1:leaf
  125. p1:Twig
  126. )
  127. ]
  128. ] ;
  129. owl:disjointWith AfricanWildlifeOntology1:lion ;
  130. rdfs:comment "Giraffes are herbivores, and they eat only leaves." ,
  131. "they also eat twigs" .
  132.  
  133.  
  134. ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#herbivore
  135. AfricanWildlifeOntology1:herbivore rdf:type owl:Class ;
  136. owl:equivalentClass [ owl:intersectionOf ( AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal
  137. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  138. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  139. owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant
  140. ]
  141. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  142. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  143. owl:allValuesFrom [ rdf:type owl:Class ;
  144. owl:unionOf ( AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant
  145. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  146. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ;
  147. owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant
  148. ]
  149. )
  150. ]
  151. ]
  152. ) ;
  153. rdf:type owl:Class
  154. ] ,
  155. [ rdf:type owl:Class ;
  156. owl:unionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  157. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  158. owl:allValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant
  159. ]
  160. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  161. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  162. owl:allValuesFrom [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  163. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ;
  164. owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant
  165. ]
  166. ]
  167. )
  168. ] ,
  169. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  170. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  171. owl:allValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant
  172. ] ;
  173. rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal ;
  174. owl:disjointWith p1:Omnivore ;
  175. rdfs:comment "Herbivores are exactly those animals that eat only plants or parts of plants " .
  176.  
  177.  
  178. ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#leaf
  179. AfricanWildlifeOntology1:leaf rdf:type owl:Class ;
  180. rdfs:subClassOf p1:PlantParts ,
  181. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  182. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ;
  183. owl:someValuesFrom [ rdf:type owl:Class ;
  184. owl:unionOf ( AfricanWildlifeOntology1:branch
  185. p1:Twig
  186. )
  187. ]
  188. ] ;
  189. rdfs:comment "Leaves are parts of branches." .
  190.  
  191.  
  192. ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#lion
  193. AfricanWildlifeOntology1:lion rdf:type owl:Class ;
  194. rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal ,
  195. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  196. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  197. owl:someValuesFrom p1:Impala
  198. ] ,
  199. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  200. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  201. owl:allValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:herbivore
  202. ] ;
  203. rdfs:comment "Lions are animals that eat only herbivores." .
  204.  
  205.  
  206. ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#plant
  207. AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant rdf:type owl:Class ;
  208. rdfs:comment "Plants are disjoint from animals." .
  209.  
  210.  
  211. ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#tasty-plant
  212. AfricanWildlifeOntology1:tasty-plant rdf:type owl:Class ;
  213. rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant ,
  214. [ owl:intersectionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  215. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eaten-by ;
  216. owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:carnivore
  217. ]
  218. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  219. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eaten-by ;
  220. owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:herbivore
  221. ]
  222. ) ;
  223. rdf:type owl:Class
  224. ] ;
  225. rdfs:comment "Plants eaten both by herbivores and carnivores" .
  226.  
  227.  
  228. ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#tree
  229. AfricanWildlifeOntology1:tree rdf:type owl:Class ;
  230. rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant ;
  231. owl:disjointWith p1:Palmtree ;
  232. rdfs:comment "'plant' is here a shorthand for plant kingdom" ,
  233. "Trees are a type of plant." .
  234.  
  235.  
  236. ### http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Thing
  237. owl:Thing rdf:type owl:Class .
  238.  
  239.  
  240. ### urn:default:baseUri:#Berry
  241. p1:Berry rdf:type owl:Class ;
  242. rdfs:subClassOf p1:FruitingBody .
  243.  
  244.  
  245. ### urn:default:baseUri:#CarnivorousPlant
  246. p1:CarnivorousPlant rdf:type owl:Class ;
  247. owl:equivalentClass [ owl:intersectionOf ( AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant
  248. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  249. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  250. owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal
  251. ]
  252. ) ;
  253. rdf:type owl:Class
  254. ] ,
  255. [ rdf:type owl:Class ;
  256. owl:unionOf ( [ owl:intersectionOf ( AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant
  257. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  258. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  259. owl:someValuesFrom [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  260. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ;
  261. owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal
  262. ]
  263. ]
  264. ) ;
  265. rdf:type owl:Class
  266. ]
  267. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  268. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  269. owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal
  270. ]
  271. )
  272. ] ;
  273. rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant ,
  274. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  275. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  276. owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal
  277. ] .
  278.  
  279.  
  280. ### urn:default:baseUri:#Elephant
  281. p1:Elephant rdf:type owl:Class ;
  282. rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:herbivore .
  283.  
  284.  
  285. ### urn:default:baseUri:#FruitingBody
  286. p1:FruitingBody rdf:type owl:Class ;
  287. rdfs:subClassOf p1:PlantParts .
  288.  
  289.  
  290. ### urn:default:baseUri:#Grass
  291. p1:Grass rdf:type owl:Class ;
  292. rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant .
  293.  
  294.  
  295. ### urn:default:baseUri:#Impala
  296. p1:Impala rdf:type owl:Class ;
  297. rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal ;
  298. rdfs:comment "An african antelope http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impala" .
  299.  
  300.  
  301. ### urn:default:baseUri:#Omnivore
  302. p1:Omnivore rdf:type owl:Class ;
  303. owl:equivalentClass [ owl:intersectionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  304. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  305. owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal
  306. ]
  307. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  308. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  309. owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant
  310. ]
  311. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  312. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  313. owl:someValuesFrom [ rdf:type owl:Class ;
  314. owl:unionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  315. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ;
  316. owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal
  317. ]
  318. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  319. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ;
  320. owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant
  321. ]
  322. )
  323. ]
  324. ]
  325. ) ;
  326. rdf:type owl:Class
  327. ] ;
  328. rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal .
  329.  
  330.  
  331. ### urn:default:baseUri:#Palmtree
  332. p1:Palmtree rdf:type owl:Class ;
  333. rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant ,
  334. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  335. owl:onProperty p1:has-part ;
  336. owl:someValuesFrom [ rdf:type owl:Class ;
  337. owl:complementOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:branch
  338. ]
  339. ] .
  340.  
  341.  
  342. ### urn:default:baseUri:#Phloem
  343. p1:Phloem rdf:type owl:Class ;
  344. rdfs:subClassOf p1:PlantParts ,
  345. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  346. owl:onProperty p1:is-proper-part-of ;
  347. owl:someValuesFrom p1:Stem
  348. ] .
  349.  
  350.  
  351. ### urn:default:baseUri:#PlantParts
  352. p1:PlantParts rdf:type owl:Class ;
  353. rdfs:subClassOf owl:Thing ,
  354. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  355. owl:onProperty p1:is-proper-part-of ;
  356. owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant
  357. ] .
  358.  
  359.  
  360. ### urn:default:baseUri:#RockDassie
  361. p1:RockDassie rdf:type owl:Class ;
  362. rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal ,
  363. p1:Omnivore ;
  364. rdfs:comment "They eat grasses and broad-leafed plants" ,
  365. "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_Hyrax" .
  366.  
  367.  
  368. ### urn:default:baseUri:#Root
  369. p1:Root rdf:type owl:Class ;
  370. rdfs:subClassOf p1:PlantParts .
  371.  
  372.  
  373. ### urn:default:baseUri:#Stem
  374. p1:Stem rdf:type owl:Class ;
  375. rdfs:subClassOf p1:PlantParts .
  376.  
  377.  
  378. ### urn:default:baseUri:#Twig
  379. p1:Twig rdf:type owl:Class ;
  380. rdfs:subClassOf p1:PlantParts .
  381.  
  382.  
  383. ### urn:default:baseUri:#Warthog
  384. p1:Warthog rdf:type owl:Class ;
  385. rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal ,
  386. [ owl:intersectionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  387. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  388. owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal
  389. ]
  390. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  391. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  392. owl:someValuesFrom p1:FruitingBody
  393. ]
  394. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  395. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  396. owl:someValuesFrom p1:Grass
  397. ]
  398. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  399. owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ;
  400. owl:someValuesFrom p1:Root
  401. ]
  402. ) ;
  403. rdf:type owl:Class
  404. ] ;
  405. rdfs:comment "Warthogs are Omnivorous http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warthog" .
  406.  
  407.  
  408. ### urn:default:baseUri:#Xylem
  409. p1:Xylem rdf:type owl:Class ;
  410. rdfs:subClassOf p1:PlantParts ,
  411. [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
  412. owl:onProperty p1:is-proper-part-of ;
  413. owl:someValuesFrom p1:Stem
  414. ] .
  415.  
  416.  
  417. ### xml:base#Apple
  418. :Apple rdf:type owl:Class ;
  419. rdfs:subClassOf p1:FruitingBody .
  420.  
  421.  
  422. ### xml:base#Distribution
  423. :Distribution rdf:type owl:Class .
  424.  
  425.  
  426. ### xml:base#Habitat
  427. :Habitat rdf:type owl:Class .
  428.  
  429.  
  430. ### xml:base#Parsnip
  431. :Parsnip rdf:type owl:Class ;
  432. rdfs:subClassOf p1:Root .
  433.  
  434.  
  435. #################################################################
  436. # Individuals
  437. #################################################################
  438.  
  439. ### http://www.meteck.org/teaching/ontologies/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#Eve
  440. AfricanWildlifeOntology11:Eve rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual ,
  441. AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal .
  442.  
  443.  
  444. ### http://www.meteck.org/teaching/ontologies/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#Julia
  445. AfricanWildlifeOntology11:Julia rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual ,
  446. p1:Elephant .
  447.  
  448.  
  449. ### http://www.meteck.org/teaching/ontologies/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#Susan
  450. AfricanWildlifeOntology11:Susan rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual ,
  451. AfricanWildlifeOntology1:giraffe .
  452.  
  453.  
  454. ### http://www.meteck.org/teaching/ontologies/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#Tom
  455. AfricanWildlifeOntology11:Tom rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual ,
  456. p1:Elephant ;
  457. AfricanWildlifeOntology11:has-mother AfricanWildlifeOntology11:Eve ,
  458. AfricanWildlifeOntology11:Julia .
  459.  
  460.  
  461. #################################################################
  462. # General axioms
  463. #################################################################
  464.  
  465. [ rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
  466. owl:members ( AfricanWildlifeOntology1:branch
  467. AfricanWildlifeOntology1:leaf
  468. p1:Twig
  469. )
  470. ] .
  471.  
  472.  
  473. ### Generated by the OWL API (version 4.2.8.20170104-2310) https://github.com/owlcs/owlapi
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